Colonization

1
Colonization
2
Spain (1540-1600)

• Wants to colonize Southeast
• God convert Indians to Christianity
• Gold find riches and return to Europe
• Glory keep rival European powers from claiming
  the land.
• (not necessarily in that order)
• St. Augustine first settlement (military
  purpose) protect the gold!

3
Spanish Missions

• Spain Did not want to have civilians colonize
  the land sent missionaries and soldiers (key to
  Spanish colonization)
• Missions church outposts/barrier islands
• Franciscans (Friars) missionaries
• Georgias coast divided into two provinces
• Guale (Wal-ee) north barrier islands
• Mocama southern islands (down to St. Marys)

4
Guale and Mocama

• Guale (1566) Pedro Menendez builds mission on
  St. Catherines Island not entirely successful
• Mocama (1580s) spread work along GA coast
• Juanillo Rebellion (1597) revolt at Guale
• Friars deny Juanillo position of Chief
• Revolt hurts Spanish colonization efforts

5
French (1560s)

• Had explored Canada and Northern territory
• Goal Trade Trade Trade
• 1560s Huguenots (French Protestants) settle
  along the St. Johns
• create Charles Fort first European fort in the
  New World (fails due to famine hardships)

6
France Fort Caroline

• French then build Fort Caroline
• Spain is outraged- attack the fort and drive the
  French from the Southeast.

7
England (1600s)

• Wants to claim territory in the New World
• Wants to settle permanent colonies
• King James I issues a charter legal document
  creates Virginia Company
• 1607 Jamestown first permanent English
  settlement in America
• 1600s-1700s England colonizes the East Coast

8
Reasons for Colonization in the New World England

• Power
• Economic gain
• (MERCANTILISM)
• Free from religious persecution
• Place for poor

9
Power

• Englands desire to compete with other countries
  (France and Spain) for power and glory
• Power for the Church, (more souls)

10
Economic Gain

• MERCANTILISM
• England needed a place to grow RAW MATERIALS
• Favorable balance of trade
• Export/sell more than import/buy
• Bring gold and silver into the country strong
  military
• Laws regulated trade

11
Free from religious persecution

• Refuge for reformers
• Where they could practice their religion without
  harassment

12
Poor

• Some upper class citizens thought the colonies
  could provide a home for the poor and give them a
  better life.