PUBLIC HEALTH TRENDS

1
PUBLIC HEALTH TRENDS

• Michael R. Spence, MD, MPH
• Medical Officer
• Montana DPHHS

2
INFLUENCING FACTORS

• Magnitude of the Population
• Distribution of the Population
• Aging of the Population
• Emerging Infectious Diseases
• The Obesity Epidemic
• Our Natural Environment

3
POPULATION SIZE

• Increased Number at Risk
• Socioeconomic Distribution
• Increased Demand on Food Supply
• Increased Crowding
• Increased Diseases of Poverty
• Urban issues of crime
• Increased Transportation Demands

4
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

• Age Distribution
• Baby Boomer Impact
• Life Expectancy Increases
• Geographic Distribution
• Urban Migration

5
POPULATION AGING

• Increased Chronic Diseases
• Increased Cancers
• Increased Hospitalizations
• Increased Nursing Home Utilization

6
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES

• Legionnaires Disease
• E. Coli H7/0157
• Hantavirus
• West Nile Virus
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
• Influenza
• Pandemic Influenza

7
OBESITY ASSOCIATED MORBIDITY

• High Blood Pressure
• Type 2 Diabetes
• Coronary Artery Disease
• Stroke
• Gall Bladder Disease
• Osteoarthritis
• Respiratory Problems

8
HYPERTENSION COMPLICATIONS

• Heart Attack
• Stroke
• Heart Failure
• Kidney Failure

9
DIABETES COMPLICATIONS

• Blindness
• End Stage Renal Disease
• Peripheral Vascular Disease
• Lower Extremity Amputations

10
OBESITY ASSOCIATED CANCERS

• Breast
• Colon
• Prostate
• Gall Bladder

11
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT

• Air Pollution
• Industrial Emissions
• Tobacco Smoke
• Forest Fires
• Water pollution
• Industrial Waste
• Contaminated Food Supply
• Mercury and PCBs in Fish
• Decreased Food Supply
• Drought

12
SUMMARY

• Public Health Trends are Multifactorial.
• Health Care Delivery will continue to improve to
  meet the needs, at a cost.
• Improved tracking of disease driving the
  development of prevention intervention policies
  will be needed.