Foundations of Personal Fitness

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What You Will Do

• Explain common myths about substance abuse.
• Identify the effects of substance abuse such as
  alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs on physical
  performance.

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Terms to Know

• substance abuse
• addiction

• smokeless tobacco
• anabolic steroids

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Why Some People Use Harmful Substances
Many people use harmful substances because of
peer influence. Peer influence is the effect
people your own age have on your thoughts and
actions. There is nothing cool about taking
risks with your health and your future.
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Substance Abuse and Its Effects
Substance abuse Any unnecessary or improper use
of chemical substances for nonmedical
purposes. Addiction Physical and mental
dependence.

• Substance abuse can take a toll on the emotional
  and physical health of the user as well as the
  users family and friends.

The habitual use of many drugs and other harmful
substances can lead to addiction.
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Substance Abuse and Its Effects

• Take a closer look at the health risks associated
  with the use of tobacco.
• Cigarettes contain over 40 poisonous chemicals.
• Smoking interferes with the normal working of
  the lungs.
• Nicotine, found in cigarettes, is addictive,
  making it difficult for smokers to quit.

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Substance Abuse and Its Effects

• Smokeless tobacco has been popular among some
  athletes, especially baseball players.

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Substance Abuse and Its Effects

• Smokeless Tobacco Facts

Smokeless tobacco releases 10 times the amount of
cancer-causing substances into the bloodstream
than cigarettes do.
Long-term use of smokeless tobacco can lead to an
elevated heart rate and high blood pressure.
Smokeless tobacco causes cancer of the mouth,
lips, and gums.
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Substance Abuse and Its Effects

• Alcohol has short- and long-term effects on the
  body
• Alcohol slows down the central nervous system,
  impairing vision, reaction time, and
  coordination.
• It also affects the function of the stomach and
  kidneys, which can result in nausea, vomiting,
  and dehydration.
• It impairs judgment and causes an increase in
  risk-taking behavior.
• Long-term drinking causes tissue damage and
  increases the risk for high blood pressure, heart
  rhythm disorders, heart muscle disorders, stroke,
  and the development of cancers and liver disease.

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Substance Abuse and Its Effects

• Anabolic steroids are used as a medicine to treat
  specific chronic diseases any other use is
  illegal and dangerous.

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Substance Abuse and Its Effects

• Effects of Anabolic Steroids

Males
Females

• Lower sperm count
• Smaller testicles
• Increased risk of testicle or prostate cancer
• Larger breasts

• Infertility (inability to have children)
• Deeper voice
• More facial hair
• Smaller breasts

Both Males and Females

• Hair loss or baldness
• Sleeping problems
• Rapid weight gain

• Acne
• Upset stomach
• Difficulty urinating

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Lesson 5 Review
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
1. Vocabulary Physical and mental dependence.
2. Recall Addiction causes the user to crave more
and more of a harmful substance.
3. Recall Smokeless tobacco can cause increased
heart rate, high blood pressure, and cancer of
mouth, lips, and gums.

1. Vocabulary What is addiction?
2. Recall How can addiction to a substance
   negatively affect your functional health and
   fitness?
3. Recall Name three harmful effects of smokeless
   tobacco.

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