????????? (hypothesis) ???????????? (statement) ,???????????????? (null hypothesis) ? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

About This Presentation
Title:

????????? (hypothesis) ???????????? (statement) ,???????????????? (null hypothesis) ?

Description:

: 100 57 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:22
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 33
Provided by: 9001
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: ????????? (hypothesis) ???????????? (statement) ,???????????????? (null hypothesis) ?


1
(No Transcript)
2
??? ????
3
????
  • ???????????????????????????
  • ?? ????????? 100 ???,????? 57 ?????,?????????????
    ?????????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????

4
???? -- ????
  • ????????? (hypothesis) ???????????? (statement)
    ,???????????????? (null hypothesis) ?
  • ??
  • ??????? ?o ??? 70 ?,?????????
  • H0 ?o 70?
  • ????????? ?o ??? 10,??????
  • H0 ?o 10?
  • ??????????????????,??????
  • ? (simple hypothesis)?

5
???? -- ????
  • ??????????????????????(alternative
    hypothesis),????????????????????????? (???) ???
  • ??
  • ????? ?o ??? 70 ?,?????????
  • H1 ?o ? 70
  • ?????? ?o ???? 10,??????
  • H1 ?o gt 10.
  • ??????????????????,??????(composite hypothesis)?

6
???? -- ??
  • ??????????? (test statistic),???????????????????
  • ??????????,??? (reject) ?????????????
    (??????????????),??? (accept) ???? (???,???????)?
  • ?? ?????? 80,??????????? 70,???????????80 ? 70
    ???????????? 70 ??????

7
???? -- ?????
  • ??????????,?????????????
  • ???????????????????????(??),? H0 ?o 70, H1
    ?o ?70 ???????????????
  • ???????????????????,????????
  • ??????????????? T ????
  • ???????????????????????????????

8
???? -- ????????
  • ????????,????????,????????????? (null
    distribution)?
  • ???, T(X1,,Xn70) ??????,????????? N (0,1) ?
  • ??????????a?????? (significance level) (??? 0.01
    ?0.05 ? 0.1)?????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????,????????????????????????????

9
???? -- ??
  • ????,(-8,-1.96) ?(1.96, 8) ?????? 5 ?????
    (rejection region)-1.96,1.96 ?????? 5 ?????
    (acceptance region)?
  • ???????? T(a1,,an 70) ?????,?????????,???????
  • ???????
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????,?????????????,?????????

10
???? -- ??????
  • ? 8.2 X1,X2,Xn ? i.i.d. ? N(µ0, s02) ????,??
    H0s010, H1 s0?10.
  • ???????????????????????,???????
  • ????? (n 1)Sn2/100
  • ?????2(n 1)
  • ????( 0.05)
  • ???0,8.906) ?(32.852, 8)
  • ?????????????,??????,??????????? 10?

11
???? -- ??????
  • ? 8.3X1,X2,Xn ? i.i.d. ? N (µ0, s02) ????,??
    H0µ070, H1 µ0gt70. (a0.05)
  • ???????????????????????,???????
  • ?????
  • ????N (0,1)
  • ??? (1.645, 8)
  • ?????????????,??????,?????????? 70?

12
????????????
?????? N (0,1), a0.05 ??
????
????
-1.96
-1.645
1.96
???
???
???
13
????
  • ????????????,??????????
  • ???? (exact test)??????????????
  • ????? (large sample test)???????????????
  • ????????????????????????

14
???????
  • X1,,Xn ??? i.i.d N (µ0, s02)???????????????????
    b,????????????,???????????
  • ?s02 ??
  • ?s02 ??
  • ???????????????? b,????????


15
???????
  • ?????????? i.i.d.???? X1,,Xn ?
    Y1,,Ym,,??????? N (µx,s02) ? N (µY,s02)?????
  • H0 µx µY ,???????
  • ? s02 ??
  • ? s02 ??

16
???????
  • ??????????i.i.d.????X1,,Xn?Y1,,Ym,??????? N
    (µx,sX2) ? N (µY,sY2)????? H0 sX2 sY2
    ,???????
  • ? ???? ??,?????????? sx2gt sy2 ,????
    c 1-a?? F(n 1,m 1) ??????? ????
    ??,?? F(n 1,m 1) ?????????
  • c a ?

17
?????
  • ??????????,??????????????????,????????????????????
    ??,????????????,??????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????????????????,?????????????
    ????????????

18
?????
  • ??????? Zn ? Tn ??,????????????,??????????????????
    ?,???????, Zn ? Tn ??????????
  • (? , )?
  • Zn ? Tn???????????????????????????????????????????

19
????? -- ? 8.7
  • ???? 100 ????? 57 ?????,???????????????
  • ?????????,?????????

????????,Tn?????? N (0,1) ??????? 5 ? 10
?,?????? 1.96 ?1.645 ,???????????
20
????? -- ? 8.7
  • ???? 1000 ????? 570 ?????,???????????????
  • ?????????,?????????

????????????, ??????? 1 , 5 ? 10 ,???????????
21
????? -- ? 8.7
  • ?? 8.7,???????????? 0.57,????????????????????????
  • ???????????????????????

22
????????? ????
  • ?????????????,??????????????
  • ? 8.8H0µ070, H1 µ0?70.
  • ????? t (65), ?????? 71.7,?????????
  • ???

?????? 70 ???????,???? H0,???? 8.5???
23
????????? -- ????
  • p ? (p value)??????????????
  • T (a1,,an b)?????,?? T (a1,,an b)
    ????????????
  • ? p ???????,?????? T ??????????????,??????,???????
    ??? p ????????????????

????
24
????????
  • ? 1 ?? (type I error)??????????????????????
  • ? 2 ?? (type II error)??????????????????????
  • ????? ?0b ??, ? 1 ?????? Pb (??????) ,????? a ?
  • ? 2 ???????? ß ?????????? ?0 q ??,? 2 ?????? ß
    Pq (??????) ,???? q ????

25
????????
  • ????????? 1 ??,?????? 2 ???

????
a/2
a/2
ß
26
????????
  • a ? ß ???????????
  • ???????????? (optimal) ????????? a ???? ß ????

27
????????
  • ?p???????????????p ???????? (power function)?
  • ?? p (q) ?????????????????????,
  • ??? ?0q ????? (power) p ????????
  • (power function)?

28
???????
???? ????
?????? ??????
???? ?0 b ?? ???? ??? 1a ? 1 ????? p(b) a
???? ?0 q ?? ? 2 ????? ß(q) ???? p(q)1ß(q)
29
?????
  • ??????????????????????????
  • ????? n (????),d (????????????),?s0
    (??????????)????
  • ? n ? d ?????,? s0 ???,????????????????,??????

30
?????
  • ?????????? 1?2 ??????

31
????? -- ??
  • ? 8.10 X1,X2,Xn ? i.i.d. N (µ0, 1)?????,? n
    36, H0 µ03, H1 µ0?3?
  • ??????? 3.25,?????
  • ? n ??? 64,???????!

32
?????
  • ????? n ???????,???????????????????????? 1
    ,????????? (consistent test)?
  • ???????????????????,???????????????,???????? (n
    ??) ,?????????????????? (??????? 1)?
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com