Mixtures and Solutions Notes

1
Mixtures and Solutions Notes

• Pure substance matter that has definite
  chemical and physical properties
• Mixture matter that contains two or more
  substances that differ in physical and chemical
  properties
• Soluble when a solute dissolves in a solvent
• Insoluble when a solute does not dissolve in
  a solvent
• Solvent the substance in a solution that
  dissolves the solute

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• Solute the substance that dissolves in a
  solvent. Solutes may be solids, liquids, or
  gases
• Solution a homogeneous mixture of a solvent
  and solute
• Dissolve When a solvent is mixed with a
  solute to make a solution
• solubility the amount of solute that will
  dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature
• saturated solution a solution that will not
  dissolve any more solute at a given temperature.
• evaporation to change from a liquid to a gas
  at or below the boiling point, one method of
  separating dissolved substances from a solution

3

• filtration the process of separating a solid
  and a liquid by passing a mixture of the two
  through filter paper. The liquid will pass
  through the paper and the solid will stay in the
  paper.
• residue the solid that stays in the filter
  paper when a mixture is filtered
• filtrate the liquid that goes through the
  filter paper when a mixture is filtered
• sedimentation the process by which a solid
  settles out from a solid/liquid mixture.
• sediment the solid that collects below the
  liquid
• Whether a solvent will dissolve a solute rule of
  thumb likes dissolve likes!!
• Chromatography a process used to separate
  different solutes from a solution by passing them
  through a medium.
• chromatogram the patterns produced on the
  paper