Bio 101

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• Bio 101
• Laboratory 9
• Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb

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Objectives of Lab

• Become familiar with the bones and structures of
  the
• Pelvis (Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis)
• Lower Limb (Femur, Tibia, and Fibula)
• Foot (Tarsals, Metatarsals, and Phalanges)
• Be able to recognize the skeletal structures
  listed on your Laboratory Guide handout, Exercise
  8 9 (Ilium through Phalanges of Foot)

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Landmarks of Bones

• Spine A pointed process/ridge
• Trochanter A large rough projection (larger
  than either a tubercle or tuberosity)
• Crest Prominent ridge

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Skeletal Organization
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Pelvis
Pelvis Ossa Coxae (hip bones) Sacrum Coccyx
Singular Os Coxa (Also inominate)
(Anterior)
(Posterior)
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Bones of the Pelvis
(Medial view of right coxa)
(Lateral view of right coxa)
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Bones of the Pelvis



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Bones of the Pelvis
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Divisions of the Pelvis
Pubic crest
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Male-Female Pelvic Differences
Female
Male
1. Iliac bones are more flared in the female
hips are broader2. Pubic angle is greater in the
female pelvis3. Greater distance between the
ischial spines in the female pelvis4. Broader,
flatter pelvis in females wider, more circular
pelvic inlet5. Less projection of sacrum and
coccyx into the pelvic outlet in the female pelvis
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The Lower Limbs
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The Femur
(Right leg)
(notch)
Anterior
Posterior
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The Tibia and Fibula
TIBia Thicker Inner Bone
FibuLA is LAteral
Right leg, Anterior
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Bones of the Foot
Lateral
Medial
Right foot, superior view
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Bones of the Foot
Head of metatarsals ball of foot
Right foot, medial view
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Bones of the Foot
Tall Californian NavyMedical Interns Like
Cuban cigars (Medial to lateral)
Note You will have to know the tarsal bones for
the lab exam.
Right foot, superior view
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What you should do in lab today

• Mariebs Laboratory Manual
• Review pp. 150-156 (if you havent done this
  already)
• Handle the bones listed in your Laboratory Guide.
  Use your labeled figures as guides to the names
  of the bones and structures
• REVIEW previously seen bones for the lab exam (2)
  next week.

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What you should be able to do after lab today

• Know the names of, and be able to recognize, ALL
  the bones and structures we covered in the last
  three labs (listed on Laboratory Guide
  checklists)
• Come up and get tested on ALL bones today in
  preparation for lab exam
• Remember, you should be able to recognize and
  distinguish disarticulated bones based on their
  unique characteristics!!

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Lab Exam 2

• There will be 24 (25?) stations, 50 questions, on
  the lab exam
• Some disarticulated bones, and some bones
  attached to skeleton. Remember, look for the
  characteristics and markings of the bone in order
  to distinguish one bone from another
• THINK in terms of lateral and medial rather
  than right and left to avoid getting confused
  about bone landmarks. Proceed SLOWLY!
• You should also know the differences between the
  male and female pelvis

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For the next regular lab

• For Skeletal Muscles Labs (11 12)
• Read Exercise 14, pp. 187-196, in Mariebs Lab
  Manual
• Familiarize yourself with the histology of
  skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle in Mastering
  AP Histology Muscle
• Read your Laboratory Guide instructions for
  Exercise 11.
• Read Dissection Exercise 1, pp. 697- 713 in
  Mariebs Lab Manual. You will begin dissecting
  the cat in this lab and finish in lab 12.