DWFP Fly Control Research

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DWFP Fly Control Research

• Philip G. Koehler
• Margie Dempsey Sapp Endowed Professor of Urban
  Entomology
• Florida Pest Management Association Endowed
  Professor
• University of Florida
• Gainesville, FL 32611

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DWFP Fly Fighter TeamUniversity of Florida
Technical Assistants
Terry Krueger
Tiny Willis
Dr. Philip Koehler Principal Investigator
Dr. Roberto Peirera Associate Research Scientist
Graduate Assistants
LT Ricky Vazquez Toxicity Testing
HM1 Jeff Hertz Fly Cords
Dr. Matt Aubuchon Light Traps
Ryan Welch, M.S. Baited Traps
Alex Chaskopoulou Novel Insecticides
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DWFP at University of Florida New Fly Control
Technologies

• New insecticides
• Utilize fly behavior
• New delivery devices
• Develop devices/technologies
• Eliminate human contact with insecticides
• Kill flies before they cause harm, reproduce, or
  transmit disease

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Fly Control Within the Establishment

• Techniques
• Light traps
• Sticky traps
• Space sprays

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Objectives
Matt Aubuchon, Ph.D. Dissertation

• Determine efficacy of light traps in catching
  house flies
• Sylvania Cool white 15W
• Sylvania Warm white 15W
• Sylvania BLB (UV) 25W
• Compare effects of
• Type of bulb in trap
• Competing light

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Fly Light Traps
Competing Light
UV
Cool white
Warm white
Light Trap Viewed Down Light Tunnel
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Fly Cage
Light
Competing Light
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Spectrum of UV Bulbs
0.005
0.01
Sensitivity of fly eye
0.05
0.10
0.50
1.00
?w/cm2
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Spectrum of Cool White Bulbs
0.005
0.01
Sensitivity of fly eye
0.05
0.10
0.50
1.00
?w/cm2
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Spectrum of Warm White Bulbs
0.005
0.01
Sensitivity of fly eye
0.05
0.10
0.50
1.00
?w/cm2
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UV
Cool white
Warm white
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Warm Light Bulb
Competing Only
Cool Light Bulb
UV Bulb
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Fly Attraction to Light Traps
A B
A B
A B
A B
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Competing Light Intensity on UV Light Trap Catch
A
B
B
C
D
0.00
91.46
125.67
27.43
51.21
Lumens/m2
F39.46 df4 Plt0.0001
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Quality of Competing Light on UV Light Trap Catch
A
B
B
B
C
Dark Control
Daylight
Black Light
Warm White
Cool White
F56.60 df4 Plt0.0001
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Perimeter Traps or Baits at Establishment
Perimeter
25 ft
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Trap Flies at Establishment Perimeter

• In use since 1911 (Pickens 1995)
• Consists of attractant inside trap that entices
  house flies to enter through inverted cone
  (Bishopp and Henderson 1946, Pickens 1995).
• Placement (Mitchell et al 1975, Pickens 1994)
• Every 9-30 ft near common breeding sites
• 1 ft from the ground

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Ryan Welch, M.S. studentResearch Objectives

• Determine influence of visual and odor cues for
  fly attraction to traps
• Determine changes in fly attraction to
  differently aged attractant mixtures
• Purpose develop methods of controlling flies by
  attracting them to toxicants or traps

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Commercial Fly Traps

• Bottom-Entry Traps

• Top-Entry Traps

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Percentage of House Flies Caught in Six
Commercial Traps
Catch (SE)a
Total
Females
Males
n
Trap
52.22 (5.13)a
66.22 (5.89)a
38.22 (5.21)ab
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Trap n TossTM
43.71 (4.40)ab
35.43 (6.32)b
51.43 (7.33)a
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AdvantageTM
28.86 (5.03)ab
34.86 (6.97)b
22.86 (4.07)ab
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BC 1752 Dome
47.20 (9.73)ab
58.40 (12.24)ab
36.00 (9.38)ab
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Rescue!
28.80 (6.09)ab
32.80 (7.31)b
24.80 (5.57)ab
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Fly Magnet
25.00 (8.10)b
28.00 (5.42)b
22.00 (13.71)b
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Terminator Pro
a Data were arcsine square root transformed
before analysis. Means within a column followed
by the same letter are not significantly
different (a 0.05, Student Newman-Keuls test
SAS 2001).
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Aged Attractant Increased Trap Catch
Attractant Mixture Yeast and ammonium carbonate
Aged 1 vs 7 days
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Domed Funnel Trap
Visual cues
Odor plume
Attractant
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Cardboard Trap
Odor Plumes
No visual cues
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Traps in Cage
Cardboard traps
Dome traps
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Fly Catch in Traps2 h
Visual Odor Attraction
Odor Attraction
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Scatter Fly Baits

• Very effective
• Fast kill
• Little resistance
• Primary Baits
• Golden Malrin
• Maxforce Granular
• New sprayable spot baits

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Maxforce Fly Spot Bait
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LT Ricky Vazquez, MS, USAR
Research Objective
Evaluate residual activity of newer pesticides

• Imidacloprid (Neo-nicotinoid)
• Thiamethoxam (Neo-nicotinoid)
• Acetamiprid (Neo-nicotinoid)
• Fipronil (Phenyl-pyrazole)
• Bifenthrin (Pyrethroid)

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1 Hour Mortality
48 Hour Mortality
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Fly Cords
HM1 Jeff Hertz, M.S. student

• Introduced 1947 Commercially available early
  50s
• Parathion, Diazinon, Ronnel, Dieldrin, DDT
• High doses some up to 25 a.i.
• Only available in cotton
• (Baker, Scudder, Guy)
• Provided season long control
• (Smith 1958, Kilpatrick and Schoof 1959,
  Weinburgh, Kilpatrick, and Schoof 1961)
• Not available today, but impregnated cords are
  recommended by the WHO and the U.S. Military
• (WHO 2006, AFPMB 2006)

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Attractiveness Assay
Cotton
Manilla
Nylon

• Resting flies were counted every 10 min for 2 hrs

Polypropylene
Wool
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Number of Resting Flies on Various Natural and
Synthetic Cords
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Cord Treatment
Flies killed by treated wool cords

• Cords dipped for 2 sec.
• Fipronil (Termidor SC, 9.1 a.i., BASF)
• a.i. per treatment 0.1
• 2.7 ml of formulated product 250 ml of tap
  water
• Indoxacarb (DPX MPO62, 30WG, DuPont)
• a.i. pert treatment 0.6
• 5 g of formulated product 250 ml of tap water
• Mortality Defined
• Fipronil inability to remain standing
• Indoxacarb unresponsiveness

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Percent Mortality of House Flies Exposed to
Insecticide-Impregnated Cords
Fipronil
Indoxacarb
Control
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LT50 (hours) Values of Various Natural and
Synthetic Cords Impregnated with Insecticides
Cord Treatment Trials (n) Slope SE LT50 95 FL
Cotton Fipronil 2750 9.52 0.36 39.70 39.19-40.21
Indoxacarb 2248 4.04 0.13 52.23 50.32-54.25
Manila Fipronil 1000 12.98 0.83 35.04 34.51-35.61
Indoxacarb 1659 5.10 0.74 36.24 32.30-38.73
Wool Fipronil 1250 5.32 0.29 12.87 12.29-13.41
Indoxacarb 4250 6.44 0.16 32.57 32.04-33.12
Polypro Fipronil 4000 4.53 0.17 26.22 25.50-26.91
Indoxacarb 2250 3.11 0.20 52.17 49.68-54.49
Nylon Fipronil 1500 3.68 0.25 23.04 21.25-24.62
Indoxacarb 2000 6.57 0.54 39.23 37.19-40.84
Fipronil Assay Mortality based on inability to remain standing Indoxacarb Assay Mortality based on unresponsiveness Fipronil Assay Mortality based on inability to remain standing Indoxacarb Assay Mortality based on unresponsiveness Fipronil Assay Mortality based on inability to remain standing Indoxacarb Assay Mortality based on unresponsiveness Fipronil Assay Mortality based on inability to remain standing Indoxacarb Assay Mortality based on unresponsiveness Fipronil Assay Mortality based on inability to remain standing Indoxacarb Assay Mortality based on unresponsiveness Fipronil Assay Mortality based on inability to remain standing Indoxacarb Assay Mortality based on unresponsiveness Fipronil Assay Mortality based on inability to remain standing Indoxacarb Assay Mortality based on unresponsiveness
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Wool Cord _at_ rate of 30 linear ft/100 ft2 of area
Sampling Stage
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10 Sugar Water
Spent Larval Medium
Tap Water
Sampling Walk arena 3 times 4 counts of all flies
landing on the sampling stage, food source, and
attractant.
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Percent Reduction of House Flies Exposed to
Insecticide-Impregnated Cords in Cages
Fipronil
Indoxacarb
Control
0
24
48
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New Technologies for Fly Control
Baited Traps

• New insecticides
• Fipronil
• Indoxacarb
• Imidacloprid
• Utilize fly behavior
• Light Traps
• Baited Traps
• New delivery devices
• Fly Cords
• Sprayable fly baits
• These devices/technologies
• Eliminate human contact with insecticides
• Can kill flies before they cause harm, reproduce,
  or transmit disease

Light Traps
Fly Cords
Spot Fly Bait
Spot fly bait
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Acknowledgements

• U.S. Navy, U.S. Army
• Lt. Ricky Vazquez
• 1stLT Cynthia Tucker
• HM1 Jeff Hertz
• Deployed Warfighter Program
• The entire Urban Entomology Lab at UF