UNIT 2: Who commits CRIME?

1
UNIT 2 Who commits CRIME?
2
SELF-TEST

• Why do people commit crime? Brainstorm reasons
  for criminal behavior based on these three
  categories
• Social
• Economic
• Biological

3
What do people become criminals?___________ vs.
______________

• NATURE Criminals are _______, not _______
• Biological Theories
• Personality Theories
• NURTURE

4

• NATURE THEORIES
• About what makes someone a Criminal

5
Old School nature theories about criminals

• Cesare Lombroso (1876) criminals
• Theory

6

• Another Old School NATURE Theory
• William Sheldon _________________ determined
  criminality.
• Endomorphic
• Ectomorphic
• 3. Mesomorphic
• IDENTIFY SOME FLAWS IN THIS THEORY?

7
____________________ causes
NATURE MODERN THEORIES

• PET (brain) scans done on impulsive killers
  showed ________________________________, which
  controls impulsive behavior.
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vTtOQnM3LQkE
  Charles Whitman sniper

Neurochemical Causes The brains chemistry can be
influenced by ____________________________________
_______________ The TWINKIE DEFENSE A
psychiatrist claimed that a poor diet could
8
Neurochemical

• STEROIDS? Can the abuse of steroids, which
  increase testosterone levels
• NO direct link between

9
Twin studies Genetic influence on crime

• IDENTICAL TWINS (same genes and gender) that have
  been separated at birth and brought up separately
  have been studied
• The degree of similarity between two twins is
  known as the
• _____________________________________.
• This rate was compared with FRATERNAL twins who
  are brought up separately
• Concordance rate
• FRATERNAL twins

10
Psychopaths and Sociopaths

• SIMILARITIES
• PRIMARY DIFFERENCE
• Generally Speaking
• PSYCHOPATHS ARE _________ (_____________)
• SOCIOPATHS ARE __________ (______________)

11

• Sociopaths (____________)
• Are capable of _____________ and can form
  meaningful __________________________
• Common sociological factors such as
• Personal Characteristics
• Easy to spot

12

• Psychopaths (NATURE)

• Psychopaths show some of these characteristics

13
Mental Disorders related to Psychopathy (and to a
lesser degree SOCIOPATHS)

• 1. CONDUCT DISORDER (diagnosed before age 15)
• Criteria

14

• 2. ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
• Diagnosed over age18
• frequent diagnosis of serial killers, rapists,
  thrill killers
• CRITERIA

15
Self-Test

• What is the difference between a psychopath and a
  sociopath?
• What diagnosis must have been made to be labeled
  Antisocial Personality Disorder?
• What is the difference between a ORGANIZED and
  DISORGANIZED serial killer?

16
Serial Killers

• Murder ________ or more victims, but each is
  killed on
• ___________________________

17
Serial Killers

• Most serial killers will fall into a pattern
• The patterns of activities often allow police to
  apprehend the killer.
• Serial killers are often described as

18
Serial Killers

• Typical serial Killers are

19
Types of serial killers (patterns)Organized

• Characteristics

20
Types of serial killers (patterns)Disorganized

• Characteristics

21
Women who commit Crime

• Men commit about ____of all Crime _______ of all
  murders
• Why do women commit so few murders?
• Theory

22
Women serial killers RAREPsychopathy

• 1. Angel of Mercy / Death
• 2. Mothers Münchausen syndrome by proxy
• 3. BLACK WIDOWS

23
Freud Criminals are like Children

• Children should progress from
• Pleasure principle (id _____________________)
• Reality principle (where
  
  ).
• . Freud stable home environment_________________
• _________________________________________
• Research has supported the fact that most
  criminals come from ____________________________.

24
Child abuse and Crime

• Abused or neglected children
• One study showed 76
• Only about 10 of

25
Juvenile Delinquency

• Many Juvenile offenders are diagnosed with
  ____________________________
• Causes of juvenile delinquency
• Every _______ makes their own rules with regard
  to who is a ______________

26
Juvenile Courts

• Juvenile courts ___________ than adult courts
• Early JDs were sent to ________________ a
  type of prison school for troubled kids
• Their goal was to _____________ not PUNISH
• Goal of Juvenile Justice
• Diversion

27
Landmark Court Cases regarding Juveniles

• In Re Gault (1967)
• 15 year old boy (Gault) is arrested for
• Held by the police,
• Supreme Court Juveniles have the same rights as
  adults!

28
Roper v. Simmons (2005)

• Supreme Court rules
• Violates the

29
New Jersey

• Agency
• NJ________________________________
• Emphasizes accountability and offers programs to
  create independent, productive and law abiding
  citizens.
• DIVERSION ___________________________
• Top Juvenile crime in NJ _______________
• Juveniles 59 of ___________arrests

30
R.I.C.O

• RICO
• 1970 RICO created to break up
  _____________________________________
• MAFIA bosses did not ever directly commit crime.
  HOW DO YOU PROSECUTE THEM?