Unit A

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Unit A

• Agricultural Literacy

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Problem Area

• Recognizing The Role Of Agriculture In Society

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Lesson

• Understanding The Importance Of Agriculture To
  Society

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Student Objectives

• Define quality of life
• Discuss agricultures role in basic human
  nutrition
• List ag products used to provide food
• List ag products used for clothing
• List ag products used for human shelter

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Terms

• Aquaculture
• Beef
• Conifer
• Deciduous tree
• Exports
• Food Pyramid

• Forestry
• International Trade
• Imports
• Lamb
• Mutton

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Terms (continued)

• Natural Fiber
• Nutritional groups
• Pork
• Poultry
• Pulp

• Quality of life
• Seasoning
• Swine
• Synthetic fibers

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Objective One

• Define Quality of Life

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Quality of Life

• Having adequate supplies of the basic needs of
  food, clothing and shelter
• The ag industry provides the food and fiber
  required by people
• Agriculture allows people to enjoy a higher
  quality of life

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Quality of Life

• Americans spend 11 of their total income on
  food
• People spend 70 in some other countries
• Agriculture allows Americans to spend more money
  on clothing shelter, and entertainment

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International Trade

• American agriculture helps provide food and fiber
  for many people in other countries
• International trade is the buying and selling of
  commodities by two or more nations

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Exports

• Exports are goods sold to another country
• Corn, soybeans, and wheat are examples of
  important American agriculture exports
• The success of American agriculture is largely
  dependent on its exports

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Imports

• Commodities bought from other countries are
  called imports
• Major American imports are bananas, coffee,
  shrimp, and vanilla

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• Good jobs help people enjoy a better quality of
  life as well
• The American agriculture industry provides jobs
  for about 16 out of every 100 people.
• This is higher than any other industry in the
  country

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Objective Two

• Discuss Modern Agricultures Role in Basic Human
  Nutrition

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What Role Does Agriculture Play In Basic Human
Nutrition?

• Today, one American farmer feeds over 130 people
• Consumers have a year-round, wide variety of
  inexpensive, quality foods to choose from
• We dont always make nutritious choices

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Food Guide Pyramid

• Helps people make healthy eating choices
• Contains 5 nutritional groups
• Recommends types of foods from each group for
  healthy consumption
• Nutritional fact labels must also be present on
  all processed food products

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Five Nutritional Groups

• Breads
• Fruits
• Vegetables
• Milk
• Meat

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Other Factors Effecting Healthy Eating Choices

• Your Age
• Your Activity Level
• Your Gender, and
• Your Body Size

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Objective Three

• List Ag Products Used To Provide Food

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What Ag Products Provide Food?

• Grains
• Fruits
• Vegetables
• Milk
• Meat
• Nuts

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Grain Crops

• Grains are grown throughout the U.S.
• The largest region of production is in the
  Midwest
• Grains are used for bread, pasta, rice, cereal,
  and many other food products
• Wheat, rye, and corn are examples of grains

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Fruits

• Citrus (grapefruit, oranges, tangelos, lemons,
  limes) are grown in Florida, California, or
  imported
• Blueberries are grown in Michigan
• Apples are grown in many states
• Fruits are sold fresh or as processed juice

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Vegetables

• Cool weather vegetables (like lettuce and
  broccoli) are grown in northern states in summer
  and southern states in winter
• Many vegetables are imported from South America
  and Mexico

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Milk

• Dairy foods are processed from milk
• Most milk comes from cattle on dairy farms
• Another source of milk is goats
• California and Wisconsin are leading dairy
  producing states

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Meat

• Includes poultry
• Beef
• Pork
• Fish, and
• Lamb

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Poultry

• Poultry Includes domesticated birds grown for
  food
• Chicken is most popular followed by turkey
• Chickens also produce most of the eggs consumed
  in the country

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Beef

• Beef is meat from cattle
• Steak and hamburger are popular beef dishes

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Pork

• Pork is meat from swine
• Swine is a term to describe hogs and pigs
• Pork chops, bacon, and sausage are popular pork
  dishes

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Fish

• Aquaculture is the term used to describe the
  production of fish and other aquatic plants and
  animals
• Fish are farmed in the ocean, ponds, raceways,
  and tanks
• Fish are harvested, processed and sold either
  fresh or frozen

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Lamb

• Lamb refers to meat from sheep less than a year
  old
• Mutton is from sheep that are over a year old
• Compared to beef, pork and poultry, Americans
  consume relatively little lamb and mutton

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Nuts

• Each year, about 430,000 tons of nuts are
  produced in the United States
• The four major types of nuts produced are
  almonds, pecans, walnuts, and filberts

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Objective Four

• List Ag Products Used For Clothing

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Clothing is Made From Natural and Synthetic Fiber

• Natural fiber comes from plants and animals
• Synthetic fibers are manufactured from petroleum
  and other substances

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Examples of Natural Fibers

• Cotton
• Flax
• Kenaf
• Jute
• Hemp and Sisal
• Wool and Fur

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Cotton

• Cotton is a perennial plant that is grown as an
  annual
• Cotton requires a long, warm growing season
• Top cotton producing states are California, Texas
  and Arizona

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• Cotton is picked by large machines that remove
  the lint from the bolls
• The cotton is taken to the gin to remove the
  seeds
• Seeds are used for cooking oil or livestock feed
• Lint is pressed, graded, and milled into cloth

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Flax

• Flax plants produce fibers used in making high
  quality cloth called linen
• Flax requires a rainy and warm climate
• Minnesota, North and South Dakota grow
  substantial amounts of flax

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• Flax plants grow about three feet tall
• Linen comes from the fibers that make up the
  phloem of the plant
• Fibers are rolled and later combed to be spun
  into yarn
• Flax seed is used to make linseed oil for paints
  and varnishes

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Kenaf, Jute, Hemp and Sisal

• Kenaf is a relatively new plant that is used to
  make cloth and paper
• Jute plant fiber is used to make burlap
• Hemp and Sisal are coarse fibers used to make rope

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Wool and Fur

• Sheep and goat fleece are sheared, cleaned, dyed,
  and woven into threads
• Angora goat fleece is woven into mohair
• Fur is used to produce hats, coats, and other
  clothing. Rabbit and mink are two examples of
  fur used in clothing

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Synthetic Fibers

• Rayon, nylon and polyester fibers are processed
  from petroleum products
• Synthetic fibers are more durable and wrinkle
  less than natural fiber
• Natural fiber is more comfortable
• Cloth today is often a blend of both natural and
  synthetic fiber

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Objective Five

• List Ag Products Used For Shelter

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Forestry

• Forestry involves planting, caring for, and
  harvesting trees
• There are about 736 million acres of forest land
  in the United States
• Products like plywood, particle board, veneer,
  and paper are used for shelter

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Hardwood and Softwood Trees

• Hardwood trees are deciduous--they lose their
  leaves in the fall
• Softwood trees are conifers. Conifers are
  evergreen trees that have cones and needles
  rather than leaves

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• Trees are felled (cut down) and cut into log
  lengths of 12 to 20 feet
• At the saw mill, logs are cut into boards and
  graded
• Lumber is cut while still green
• Lumber must be seasoned. Seasoning is the
  natural or artificial drying of the lumber

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• Natural drying involves allowing air to circulate
  around and through stacks of lumber
• Artificial drying uses heat and is faster
• Lumber is smoothed and sized. Planing involves
  removing the roughness left from sawing

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Paper

• Smaller trees are used for paper
• Wood is broken into small pieces and soaked in a
  chemical bath to make pulp
• Pulp is screened, washed and drained
• Fibers are then rolled and dried
• Fibers bond together during drying