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Qin Dynasty 221-207 BCE

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Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi Took the throne at the age of 13 Conquered 6 rival warring states to unify China in 221 B.C.E. Formed a centralized government, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Qin Dynasty 221-207 BCE


1
Qin Dynasty 221-207 BCE
  • This dynasty only lasted about 15 years, but a
    great deal happened during time

2
Quick Review
  • What continent is China located on?
  • Name the two major rivers.
  • What isolated China from the rest of the world?
  • What was the social order of the Shang?
  • Name 3 of the Shangs advances.
  • Describe oracle bones.
  • What philosophy believed in going with the flow
    of nature, yin and yang, and the 3 jewels?
  • What philosophy believed in the law (fa),
    legitimacy (shi), and arts of the ruler (shu),
    and had harsh punishments?
  • What philosphy believed in the return to ethics
    by fathers and leaders acting as good role
    models?

3
Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi
  • Took the throne at the age of 13
  • Conquered 6 rival warring states to
  • unify China in 221 B.C.E.
  • Formed a centralized government,
  • built a nationwide network of roads
  • and canals,standardized weights, measures and
    currency
  • and formalized the written language.

4
Qin
  • Qin clearly was a tyrant.
  • Historians say hundreds of thousands of
    conscripts died under his direction completing
    the Great Wall, while 700,000 slaved to build his
    palace and pyramid-like tomb.
  • His name, pronounced
  • "Chin," evolved into the
  • Western word for China.
  • Among his own people, he
  • inspired both pride and fear.

5
TerraCottaSoldiers
  • A believer in evil spirits, Qin employed master
    craftsmen to mass-produce a terra-cotta army as a
    protection in the afterlife.
  • His mausoleum was rigged with crossbows to ambush
    intruders.

6
Terra Cotta Soldiers
  • Those who knew the tomb's secrets were buried
    alive with their Emperor.
  • Qin's dynasty was overthrown, however, just
  • a few years after his death.
  • The site of the pottery army was burned
  • and lost to history for more than 2,000 years.

7
Standardization
  • Prior to Qin, each kingdom minted its own
    currency (money) in various shapes, sizes and
    weights.
  • Each kingdom also had its own system of weights
    and measurements
  • Qin made all kingdoms use the same money and
    system of weights and measurements

8
The Great Wall of China
  • The Great Wall of China was originally a project
    of the Qin dynasty designed to keep out the
    nomadic invaders from the north.

9
The Great Wall
  • Was mainly built from earth, stones and wood
  • The wall had defensive fighting stations, to
    which wall defenders may retreat if overwhelmed.
  • More than 10,000 watch towers (which were used to
    store weapons, house troops, and send smoke
    signals), each tower had unique and restricted
    stairways and entries to confuse attackers.

10
The Great Wall
  • Is the world's largest man-made structure,
    stretching over 3,948 miles
  • Can be seen from the space!

11
TheGreatWall
  • Communication between the army units along the
    length of the Great Wall, including the ability
    to call reinforcements and warn garrisons of
    enemy movements, was of high importance. Signal
    towers were built upon hill tops or other high
    points along the wall for their visibility.

12
Great Wall
  • The emperor
  • thought the wall
  • would bring peace
  • to the nation but
  • the nation was
  • weakened by the heavy cost of the construction
  • Ditches along the wall were filled with corpses
    of men who died building the wall
  • Deaths of wall workers are estimated to exceed
    one million

13
The Great Walls Great Cost
  • Taxation became heavier
  • and heavier.
  • Some 3,500,000 people were involved in the
    building
  • of the Great Wall. That was 70 of the total
    population of China
  • at that time.
  • For each worker working on the wall, six were
    required to feed and support them.
  • Construction of the Qin wall became the most
    hated imperial project in Chinese history.

14
Fall of Qin
  • In 209 BCE, only a
  • year after the death
  • of the Qin Emperor,
  • millions of peasants rose up
  • and ended the tyranny and
  • bloodshed of wall building.
  • The Qin Dynasty had fallen,
  • brought down by the building
  • of the great wall. Within ten
  • years much of the wall was a
  • neglected ruin. Once again the
  • northern border was at the
  • mercy of the northern invaders.
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