The Carbon

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The Carbon Footprint
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Paul CondranEquipment Maintenance/Fleet
ManagerCity of Culver City
What must you do to Reduce it?
What is Carbon Footprint?
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Innovation Doesnt Really Matter, Unless it Does
Something That Does Matter
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To Carb or Not?
Carbon footprint is a term used to describe how
man's individual activities contribute to the
accumulation of greenhouse gases (carbon
monoxide, methane-oxides, nitrous oxides) into
the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases block the
transmission of reflected heat and this triggers
global warming and induces erratic climatic
patterns
What is Carbon Footprint?
carbon footprint is 1. A measure of the impact our activities have on the environment 2. It correlates directly to and in particular to climate change 3. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day- to-day living 4. Primarily through the burning of fossil fuels and electricity 5. Carbon footprint is a measurement of all greenhouse gases we produce and is measured in units of tons (or kg) of carbon dioxide equivalents

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To Carb or Not?

• When calculating GHG for fleets (i.e. emissions
  related to fuel), CO2
• carries the largest percentage of these
  gases, which is likely why GHG emissions are also
  equated to the term carbon footprint.
• References to carbon footprint essentially mean
  the amount and manner of all GHGs that are
  generated by an individual, a business, a
  government entity, a location, a process, etc.
  The Total Footprint 
• The emissions of carbon are directly proportional
  to energy consumption.  When a value for GHG is
  used, it means the total of all of these gases
  for any given operation calculated together
• GHG also includes ozone, but is not actually
  generated through energy use as the others are
  instead, ozone is a by-product of the other noted
  gases chemically interacting with sunlight in the
  atmosphere, so it isnt calculated as a GHG
  when looking at direct emissions from energy
  consumption, at least not in our industry. 

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Video
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A Carbenism.
So, what is Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions,
Exactly?
Not, Particulate Matter (PM)
Surprised?
Not, Nitrogen Oxides - Nox - Now, youre
surprised!
These are hard pollutants you can see them,
smell them, and feel them in the air,
especially when certain atmospheric conditions
are present
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Wait, Were Not Carben Yet!!

• GHG (greenhouse gases) is the collective term
  used for the following elements
• CO2 (carbon dioxide)
• N2O (nitrous oxide)
• CH4 (complex, multi-mixed methane)
• HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons)
• CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)

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Now, were Carben!!
Therefore, GHG is -
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Almost Carben.
Interesting Facts!!
CO2 emissions from a gallon of gasoline 19.4
pounds/gallon CO2 emissions from a gallon of
diesel 22.2 pounds/gallon CO2 emissions from a
gallon of natural gas (GGE) .0061
pounds/GGE CO2 emissions from electricity emit
1.297lbs per kWh CO2 emissions from a gallon of
propane (LPG) 2.61 lbs
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Geten to Carben
What Gets Measured Gets Managed
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What Do You Do To De-Carb?

• Select a fuel source with the greatest advantage
• Cost effective for your operation
• Technology is available
• Grant money available to help you
• Create synergies
• Develop partners to assist you (The OEMs)
• Know and calculate your emissions data beforehand
  to
• realize the greatest cost benefit

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Lets Reduce Your Carbon Habit
So, what can you do? What are the next
steps? How can you make a difference?
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To Carb or Not?
Year Diesel Gallons Consumed CO2 in m.t.                    
2001 501,358 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 2,896 Baseline
2002   2,672 2,672                  
2003   2,447   2,447                
2004   2,223     2,223              
2005   1,998       1,998            
2006   1,774         1,774          
2007   1,549           1,549        
2008   1,325             1,325      
2009   1,100               1,100    
2010 80,265 776                 776  
      224 449 673 898 1,122 1,347 1,571 1,796 2,020 10,100
  1st yr 2nd yr 3rd yr 4th yr 5th yr 6th yr 7th yr 8th yr 9th yr Total CO2 reduction over 9 years
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Were Getten to Carben
Emission Calculation Worksheet Emission Calculation Worksheet Emission Calculation Worksheet Emission Calculation Worksheet Emission Calculation Worksheet    
   
  Emission Factor Emission Factor  
  NOX X  
  PM10    
  ROG    
             
   
  Old Engine Old Engine New Engine New Engine  
  Application Application Application    
   
    g/bhp-hr   g/bhp-hr  
   
    miles/yr   miles/yr  
   
  4 conversion factor 4 conversion factor  
   
  907,200 g/ton 907,200 g/ton  
   
  00.0 tons/yr/vehicle 00.0 tons/yr/vehicle 0.00000 tons/yr/vehicle  
   
  vehicles in project vehicles in project vehicles in project vehicles in project vehicles in project
   
  engine life - yrs engine life - yrs engine life - yrs engine life - yrs engine life - yrs
   
00.0 total tons project life 00.0 total tons project life 00.0 total tons project life 00.0 total tons project life 00.0 total tons project life 00.0 total tons project life
   
   
    Emission Reduction    
    0.000    
    tons for total project life    
             
             
  Old Engine FD-1060 Diesel New Engine Cummins C8.3L  
  Application On-road Dump Truck Application On-road Dump Truck  
   
  10.7 g/bhp-hr 1.2 g/bhp-hr  
   
  4000 miles/yr 4000 miles/yr  
   
  4 conversion factor 4 conversion factor  
   
  907,200 g/ton 907,200 g/ton  
   
  0.18871 tons/yr/vehicle 0.02116 tons/yr/vehicle  
   
  3 vehicles in project 3 vehicles in project  
   
  12 engine life - yrs 12 engine life - yrs  
   
  6.79 total tons project life 0.76 total tons project life  
   
   
  Emission Reduction  
  6.032  
  tons for total project life  
             
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Calif. Air Resources Board
CARB Executive Order Example
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Try to Carb This!
Diesel Emissions (yes even clean diesel)
Diesel carbon content per gallon .0107 mt
Winner!!
http//www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.htm
Natural Gas carbon content per gallon is .00007
mt.
Gasoline carbon content per gallon .0093 mt
Second Place!!
Propane carbon content per-gallon is .0061 mt
of
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The Carbon Footprint
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Maximum Carben
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The Carbenism
Through legislation, some countries are going to
impose an additional car tax, as early as 2012,
through the annual registration based on the
engine's CO2 emissions. The higher, the more you
pay, the lower the less you pay.   Ireland Spain E
ngland Egypt Australia Greece Sweden Brussels  

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To Carb or not to Carb?
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The Carbon Footprint
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The Carbenism
Myths
1 Carbon Dioxide
Bad
Carbon Monoxide is Not Carbon Dioxide
Myth 2
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Back to the Carb (or not)
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The Carbon-Free Nation?
What is the Carbon Footprint Standard?

• Unified and independent
• Recognizes all stages of carbon management -
  from assessment, to
• carbon reductions and carbon neutrality
• Applicable to organizations / businesses
• Applicable to products / services
• Aligned with international best practice /
  standards such as ISO14064,
• Publicly Available Specification 2050 (PAS2050)
  and Publicly Available
• Specification 2060 (PAS2060)

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The Carbon-Free Nation?
Why do you need the Carbon Footprint Standard

• Demonstrate your environmental credentials
• Enhance your company reputation
• Meet increasing supply-chain materials needs
• Achieve positive PR and create marketing
• opportunities
• Motivate your employees
• Engage with your customers and stakeholders
• Calculate your carbon offsets and document your
• validations

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Carbon Check Out

• CNG - Compressed Natural Gas
• Clean, abundant 100 domestic
• Can be renewable
• Vehicles and engines available, safe
• Fueling available, not uncommon and the
• infrastructure is already in-place
• Public stations are everywhere

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Carbon Check Out
Liquid Propane Gas

• Fossil fuel, cleaner/cheaper than gas/diesel
• Domestic Abundant
• Stations are everywhere
• Vehicles and engines available
• Good inexpensive technology
• Not as clean as natural gas

LPG
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Carbon Check Out
Hybrids Plug-in Hybrids

• Two or more power sources for propulsion
• HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
• PHEV Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
• Series, Parallel, Hydraulic, HFCV
• Almost any fuel can be used for the engine
• All electric mode
• Increase MPG
• Increase range

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Carbon Check Out
EV

• Electric cars are here
• BEV battery electric vehicle
• NEV neighborhood electric vehicle
• MSEV medium speed electric vehicle
• Batteries

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Carbon Check Out
Hydrogen
H

• H2 battery
• Made from any feedstock
• FCEV Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle
• Several manufacturer projects
• Future?
• Expensive

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Lets Reduce Your Carbon Habit
What You Can Do

• Very important to be a collaborative thinker
• Openly listen to the ideas of others be
  flexible
• Become brilliant (but its perfectly fine to
  make mistakes)
• Once you commit to an alternative fuel, do it at
  100 and
• become the best at using, developing applying
  the technologies
• We dont recommend taking a cafeteria approach
  to alternative
• fuels its very hard to effectively manage
  and too costly
• Some alternative fuels will force you into a
  hostage situation
• (for the delivery/availability of the fuel) -
  This must be avoided
• Meet with and listen to the advice of the
  experts suppliers
• Develop vehicle specifications around the
  technology. Dont fit
• the technology to existing equipment

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Carbon Reduction Opportunities

• Recycling Products
• Used Oil
• Used Oil Fuel Filters Use of lifetime oil
  filters
• Batteries (All types)
• Replace Light Bulbs/Fixtures to low emitting
  (including
• fluorescents)
• Anti-Freeze
• Tires (Incorporate a major recap/re-groove
  program)
• Various kinds of paper
• Scrap Metal
• Aluminum cans plastic bottles (Use for an
  employee fund)
• Shop Supplies
• Recycled Products Best Business Practices
• Go Digital Paperless processes. Store and read
  files from
• your PC with no need to print them

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Lets Reduce Your Carbon Habit

• Become LEED Certified (Leadership
• in Energy Environmental Design)
• Close loop operation - Facilities
• Zero Waste Operation
• Lighting, HVAC and facility
• maintenance control systems
• Solar electricity in your facilities
• Use of on-property wind technology
• to create/harness electricity
• Require deliveries and products
• purchased within city limits

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Culver Citys Carbon Cutting Craze

• We dispense close to one million gallons of
  natural gas
• each year (GGEs)
• We have reduced and/or eliminated 63,000lbs of
  PM
• We have reduced and/or eliminated 91,000 lbs of
  Nox
• We have reduced our CO2 footprint by 2,120 mt.
• We have lowered our carbon footprint by over
  2,000 mt.
• Own and operate a three compressor CNG station
• 85 of our heavy medium fleet use CNG, 25 of
  L/D
• fleet use CNG
• Fleet utilization policy incorporates an
  alternative fuel
• replacement approach and speaks to CO2
  reduction

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Back to Carben
Helpful Websites to Calculate your Carbon
Emission Reductions
www.epa.gov/oms/climate/420f05001.htm
www.business.edf.org/projects/fleet-vehicles/fleet
-greenhouse-gas-emissions-calculator
www.caleemod.com
www.carbonfund.org
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You Can De-Carbon Your Operation
YES!!
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The Carbon Footprint
Thank You!!!!
The
Paul CondranEquipment Maintenance/Fleet
ManagerCity of Culver City 310.253.6525 paul.cond
ran_at_culvercity.org