Air Transportation

1
Air Transportation
How Airplanes Fly
2
Objectives

• After this lesson you will be able to
• Define terms associated with flight
• Name and describe the 4 forces acting on a
  plane.
• Name and describe the motions of a plane, the
  control surfaces that control these motions and
  the axes around which they rotate.

3
Flight Vocabulary
Here are the terms you will be learning about
during this unit

• Lift
• Drag
• Gravity
• Thrust
• Aerodynamic

• Relative wind
• Angle of Incidence
• Angle of attack
• Induced lift
• Dynamic lift
• Bernoulli Principle

• Rudder
• Aileron
• Cockpit
• Fuselage
• Airfoil
• Camber
• Chord

4
Label the Parts of the Plane

5
Elevators
Elevators control Pitch around the Lateral axis
6
Steering

• To change the pitch
• Raise or lower the elevator
• To ASCEND (go up)
• RAISE the elevator.
• to DESCEND (go down)
• LOWER the elevator.

7
Aileron
Aileron
Ailerons control Roll around the Longitudinal
axis
8
Steering

• To Roll the plane
• Change the ailerons on the wings
• To roll RIGHT,
• Put the RIGHT aileron UP and left aileron down.
• To roll LEFT,
• Put the LEFT aileron UP and right aileron down.

9
Rudder
Rudder controls Yaw around the vertical axis
10
Steering

• To change the yaw
• Move the rudder right or left
• To turn RIGHT,
• turn the rudder to the right
• To turn LEFT,
• turn the rudder to the left

11
Vertical Axis Motion Yaw Controlled by the Rudder
12
Lateral Axis Motion Pitch Controlled by the
Elevators
13
Longitudinal Axis Motion Roll Controlled by the
Ailerons
14
Vertical Axis Motion Yaw Controlled by the Rudder
Center of Gravity
Lateral Axis Motion Pitch Controlled by the
Elevators
Longitudinal Axis Motion Roll Controlled by the
Ailerons