FRONT OF FOREARM

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FRONT OF FOREARM
Dr. Ahmed Fathalla Ibrahim
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MUSCLES OF FRONT OF FOREARM

• SUPERFICIAL GROUP (5)
• From lateral to medial
• Pronator teres (PT)
• Flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
• Palmaris longus (PL) (may be absent)
• Flexor digitorum superficialis FDS)
• Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
• DEEP GROUP (3)
• Flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
• Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP
• Pronator quadratus (PQ)

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SUPERFICIAL GROUP

• ORIGINS
• All 5 muscles have a HUMERAL HEAD (arising from
  the front of medial epicondyle of humerus
  (common flexor origin). IN ADDITION
• 3 out of 5 muscles have an ULNAR HEAD
• PT FDS arise from medial border of coronoid
  process of ulna
• FCU arises from medial surface of olecranon
  process posterior border of shaft of ulna
• One muscle has a RADIAL HEAD
• FDS arises from oblique line anterior border
  of shaft of radius

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SUPERFICIAL GROUP

• ACTIONS INSERTIONS
• One pronator of radioulnar joints (PT) produces
  powerful pronation
• Any muscle acting on radioulnar joint must be
  inserted into radius
• Insertion middle of lateral surface of shaft of
  radius (point of maximum curvature)

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SUPERFICIAL GROUP

• ACTIONS INSERTIONS
• 3 flexors of wrist joint (FCR, FCU, PL)
• Any carpi is inserted into metacarpal bone
• FCR (flexion abduction of wrist joint)
  inserted into 2nd 3rd metacarpal bones
• FCU (flexion adduction of wrist joint)
  inserted into 5th metacarpal bone ( pisiform
  hamate)
• PL (flexion of wrist joint) inserted into palmar
  aponeurosis

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SUPERFICIAL GROUP

• ACTIONS INSERTIONS
• One flexor of medial 4 fingers (FDS) produces
  flexion of proximal interphalangeal
  metacarpophalangeal joints of medial 4 fingers
• Insertion by 4 tendons into the middle phalanges
  of medial 4 fingers

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SUPERFICIAL GROUP
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SUPERFICIAL GROUP
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DEEP GROUP

• ALL MUSCLES ARE ATTACHED TO ANTERIOR SURFACE OF
  SHAFT OF RADIUS AND/OR ULNA

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DEEP GROUP
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Flexor pollicis longus

• ORIGIN Middle of anterior surface of shaft of
  radius ( interosseous membrane)
• INSERTION distal phalanx of thumb
• ACTION flexion of interphalangeal
  metacarpophalangeal joints of thumb

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FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS

• ORIGIN Upper ¾ of anterior surface of shaft of
  ulna ( interosseous membrane)
• INSERTION by 4 tendons into the distal phalanges
  of medial 4 fingers
• ACTION flexion of distal proximal
  interphalangeal metacarpophalangeal joints of
  medial 4 fingers

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PRONATOR QUADRATUS

• ORIGIN Lower ¼ of anterior surface of shaft of
  ulna
• INSERTION Lower ¼ of anterior surface of shaft
  of radius
• ACTION main pronator of radioulnar joints

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DEEP GROUP
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DEEP GROUP
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NERVE SUPPLY

• ALL MUSCLES OF FRONT OF FOREARM ARE SUPPLIED BY
  MEDIAN NERVE EXCEPT
• FCU ULNAR
• MEDIAL HALF OF FDP NERVE