Science Fair Project

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ANNUAL LAB SAFETY TRAINING
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Why must you take this training?
Reason 1
Its the law.
Right to Know Laboratory Safety Std.
Hazardous Waste Clean Air Clean Water
Reason 2
There are University policies and procedures that
you need to understand.
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Laboratory Security
There are also extremists who vandalize
workplaces where they suspect animal research is
being conducted and others who try to gain access
where toxins or other hazardous materials are
used.

• Protect your lab and your research
• NEVER prop open any card or key access corridor
  doors.
• Dont let people piggy-back to gain access to
  restricted areas.
• Keep your lab doors closed and locked when
  unattended.
• Question strangers, and report suspicious
  activity to campus security.

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Chemical Hazards
There are two general hazard classes that must be
evaluated when assessing the safety of a chemical

• Physical Hazards
• The nature of the chemical itself how it behaves
• Health Hazards
• How an exposure might affect you

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Chemical Hazards Physical Hazards

• Compressed Gas - cylinders of compressed gas are
  under intense pressure.
• Corrosivity strong acids and bases can cause
  visible destruction of metal at the site of
  contact.
• Flammability - both solid and liquid chemicals
  can serve as fuel sources to support a fire.
  Flammability is based on flash points. The flash
  point of a liquid is the minimum temperature that
  a liquid gives off enough vapor to ignite if an
  ignition source such as heat, flame or spark is
  present.
• Oxidizability ability to give off oxygen as the
  compound decomposes which will help sustain
  combustion
• Reactivity - many substances will react violently
  if allowed contact with air, water or other
  chemicals. Friction, shock, light or heat can be
  enough to trigger some reactions.

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Gas Cylinder Safety

• Storage and Handling
• Gas cylinders should not be stored in exits or
  egress routes or blocking any safety equipment
  such as eyewashes, safety showers or fire
  extinguishers.
• Gas cylinders (excluding lecture bottles) should
  be stored in an upright position and with safety
  caps in place unless in use.
• Use only the appropriate regulator for the gas
• Gas cylinders must be secured with a chain or
  appropriate belt above the midpoint but below the
  shoulder of the cylinder. See picture.

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Chemical Hazards Health Hazards

• Irritants - cause reversible inflammation of
  skin, eyes or nasal passages.
• Sensitizers - cause allergic reaction after
  repeated exposures. Individual sensitivities
  vary. Can cause watering or itching eyes,
  reddening of the skin, hives even an asthmatic
  attack.
• Carcinogens - alter DNA or cause cells with
  altered DNA to multiply or cancer causing.
• Systemic or Target Organ Toxins - typically
  target a specific organ or system (liver, kidney,
  blood, nervous system, reproductive system,
  etc.).
• Corrosives acid, bases and some organics that
  can burn the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and
  respiratory tract. HF not your typical
  mineral acid. It attacks the bone.
• Toxins anything that can be poisonous to your
  body, toxicity is based on DOSED.

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No Exposure, No Problem

• Working with or around hazardous chemicals does
  not necessarily mean that a persons health will
  be affected.
• The link between hazardous chemicals and adverse
  health effects lies in exposure.

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Routes of EntryRoad map to the body
Inhalation - Breathing it in

Skin Absorption-
Ingestion- Getting it on skin
Getting it in mouth
Injection puncture, needle stick
or a chemical getting into an open cut
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Exposure Effects

• Acute
• a rapid, sudden exposure
• the harmful effects are immediate
• Chronic
• repeated, small exposures
• the harmful effects are delayed
• sometimes as long as 40 years
• Latency Period
• the time between the exposure and the effect

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Safety EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment
(PPE)

• Gloves - No single glove material is appropriate
  for all chemicals - Choose glove with
  lowest permeability to the chemical you are using
  - Consult CHP as a guide
• Clothing minimize areas of exposed skin
• Eye Protection If chemicals or infectious
  agents could be splashed into your face, protect
  your eyes with glasses, goggles or a face shield.
• REQUIREMENTS AT NOTRE DAME
• Gloves are required anytime you are handling
  chemicals, biological agents,and/or
  radioactives.
• Eye protection is required anytime you are
  working with chemicals, biological
  agents outside a Biosafety cabinet, Radioactive
  materials or involved with sanding or grinding
  operations
• Goggles should be worn when working with
  corrosives or if a splash hazard is present.
• Lab coat is required if you are working with
  biological or radioactive materials

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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
You have a right to information about every
chemical in your workplace, and the format
created to convey this information is the
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).

• MSDS are
• Chemical specific
• Included in every shipment of hazardous chemicals
• Required to be in every work location where
  chemicals exist
• Created by chemical manufacturers
• NOT all created equal

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MSDS Information

• Identity of material (chemical name, synonyms)
• Physical and chemical properties
• Health hazards and safe exposure levels
• Symptoms of exposure
• Applicable routes of entry to the body
• Carcinogen listing
• Name, address, and emergency phone number of
• manufacturer
• Precautions for safe handling
• Control measures, PPE

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Finding an MSDS

• Chemical manufacturers and distributors CANNOT
  refuse a request for an MSDS.
• There are excellent on-line MSDS databases
• http//www.hazard.com/msds/index.php
• http//www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/Advance
  dSearchPage

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University of Notre Dame Chemical Hygiene Plan
(CHP)
http//riskmgt.nd.edu/manuals/documents/CHP_000.pd
f

• Roles and Responsibilities
• Contains information and procedures that
  laboratory personnel can use to protect
  themselves from the chemicals they work with
• First place to look for answers to questions you
  might have regarding chemical or laboratory
  issues
• Topics include
• - Glove selection - Emergency Response
• - Chemical compatibility -Waste Management
• Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
• Pre-approval notifications

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Electrical Safety

• Maintain all electrical equipment in proper and
  good working order
• Routinely examine all wiring, plugs power strips
  and extension cords for signs of exposed wire or
  deteriorating insulation
• No tripping or hanging hazards

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Safety EquipmentChemical Fume Hood
Airflow into the hood prevents chemicals inside
from migrating out into your breathing zone.
If air velocity into the hood is impeded or
slowed, the hoods ability to capture chemicals is
compromised.
Factors that affect airflow

• Sash Height

• Drafts

• Bulky objects inside

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Emergency Response

• Fires/accidents 911 or 574-631-5555 from cell
  phone
• Spills 631-5037
• (Risk Management and Safety)
• After Hours Spills 911 or 631-5555 from cell
  phone
• State the type of emergency and the exact
  location of emergency Building and Room number
• If a chemical is involved spell the chemical name
  to the dispatcher.
• If you are leaving the area, give a phone number
  where responders can contact you.

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Biological/Chemical Exposures
Needle Sticks
Ocular Exposures
Dermal Exposures

• Rinse under water at least 15 minutes
• If large area of body is involved, use safety
  shower to drench yourself.

• Wash thoroughly with soap and water

• Rinse at eyewash at least 15 minutes

• Hold eye open to ensure effective wash

• Identify source of contamination

• Remove all contaminated clothing

• Seek Medical Treatment
• If you are an employee, your supervisor must fill
  out an
• accident/exposure form

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Safety EquipmentSafety Shower and Eyewash
Ask yourself

• Do I know where they are located?
• Do I know how they work?
• Do I know that they work?
• Are they accessible?

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Chemical Spills
Identify the chemical
Assess your ability to safely contain and clean
up the spill
(spill size, chemical toxicity)
I CAN safely clean it up
I CANNOT safely clean it up
Notify coworkers and secure the area
Notify coworkers and vacate/secure the area
Use spill kit to contain and clean up the spill
(MSDS helps)
Call Risk Management at 631-5037
Lab Workers are responsible to clean up spill
if - It is a chemical that they work with - They
have the proper personal protective equipment
available - Lab size quantities
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How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
pull pin aim at the base of the
fire squeeze handle sweep from side
to side
PASS
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Chemical Wastes

• Intuitively we should all understand that
  potentially harmful chemicals cannot be disposed
  of with the regular trash

USEPA has set strict regulations governing the
disposal of hazardous chemicals.
27,500 per violation, per day!
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Orange Biohazard Bags
Orange Biohazard Bags contain previously
contaminated waste that has been decontaminated
(autoclaved) by lab personnel. May be disposed
of in regular trash if brown bagged. Biohazard
bags cannot be used for disposal of chemicals or
radioactive materials.
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Chemical Waste Disposal

• Container
• Compatible and in good condition
• Has tight-fitting closure

Label must be on waste container the moment the
first DROP of waste is put into the container

• Label (2 things)
• Words hazardous waste or waste
• Name of chemical(s)

• Secondary Containment
• Must segregate incompatibles
• One container per waste stream

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341
Chemistry
Methanol 40
Acetone 20
Ethanol 40
4 Liters
Generator Signs
Faculty name printed
RMS use ONLY
Abbreviations and formulas NOT acceptable Do not
use pencil or marker. Print must go through all
3 layers.
Person who generates waste signs form
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Red Plastic Sharps Containers
Red (hard plastic) sharps containers contain
needles, syringes, razor blades, scalpel blades,
etc. Disposed of through Risk Management and
Safety
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All other waste
Gloves, paper, etc if not contaminated disposed
of in regular (clear) trash bags and bags are to
be removed by custodians daily. Broken Glass if
clean, should be disposed of in a puncture proof
box marked Broken Glass. Empty bottles must
be triple rinsed, label defaced and cap removed
for building services to remove them.
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Shipping Hazardous Materials
Shipments of chemicals, biological
agents/samples, and radioisotopes pose a hazard
to everyone involved in the transportation
process. For this reason there are very strict
regulations regarding packaging, labeling and
documenting such shipments. AT LEAST 48
business hours notification PRIOR to desired ship
date IS REQUIRED
Chemical Shipments
Always contact Lisa Phillips in RMS prior to
attempting to ship a chemical.
Biological Shipments
Always contact Lisa Phillips in RMS prior to
shipping biological/infectious materials.
Radioactive Shipments
Always Andy Welding in RMS prior to attempting
to ship a radioactive material.
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Emergency Phone Numbers

• Security 911 or 631- 5555 from cell phone
• Risk Management Safety 1-5037
• ND Fire 1-6200