Discovering the arts World of Art

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Discovering the artsWorld of Art
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World Music

• Music is one of the great pleasures of life. It
  has the power to entertain, to amuse, to move,
  and to inspire. Music plays an indispensable
  role in our celebrations, rituals, and
  commemorative ceremonies. It can also provoke
  thoughts about the mysteries of life, such as the
  vastness of the universe and the meaning of our
  existence. Music provides us with a creative way
  of self expression. It reaches deep into our
  souls to console us, to reassure us, and to help
  us express who and what we are as human beings.

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World Music

• Music is sometimes called a universal language.
  However, it is more accurate to say that music is
  a global expression. While music does
  communicate globally, sharp variations exist
  among the music created by different peoples.
  What is truly universal is our capacity to
  respond to and derive pleasure from music.
• Advances in technology have brought us, among
  other things, the gift of music from around the
  world. Radio, television, movies, and more
  recently the Internet have allowed us to enjoy
  a vast array of music and the cultures that
  produce them. It was not always so. Before
  Thomas Edison invented the phonograph in 1877,
  the only way to hear music from other lands was
  to experience it live. You had to travel to the
  source.

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World MusicDefinitions

• Anthropologists scholars who study the physical
  and cultural characteristics and social customs
  of a group of people.
• Ethnomusicologists scholars who study the music
  of different cultural groups.
• Culture the customs, beliefs, language, arts
  and institutions of a group of people that are
  learned and transmitted within the group.
• Music culture the performance practices, means,
  traditions, uses, and beliefs about music of a
  group of people, either from a specific time or
  place.
• Timbre the distinct tonal quality of an
  instrument or voice, which is clearly
  identifiable by the ear also known as tone
  color.

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World MusicClassification of Instruments

• Aerophones instruments that produce sound by a
  vibrating column of air. Usually these consist
  of a pipe made out of wood, metal, or plastic.
• Idiophones simple, solid instruments that
  produce sound by being struck, scraped, or
  shaken.
• Membranophones instruments that produce sound
  by striking or rubbing a skin or membrane
  stretched across a resonating air chamber.
• Chordophones instruments that create sound by
  striking, rubbing, or plucking a taut string (or
  chord).
• Electrophones instruments that generate sound
  from electricity.

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World MusicClassification of Instruments
Idiophone Vietnamese dan trung
Membranophone Gamelan kendang
Aerophone bagpipes
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World MusicClassification of Instruments
Electrophone keyboard
Chordophone sitar
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World MusicActivity 1

• Demonstrate Knowledge of Music Vocabulary
• How would you categorize familiar musical
  instruments using the five basic world music
  classifications? Working in small groups, make a
  list of the musical instruments with which you
  are familiar. Spend no more than five minutes
  compiling your list. Then complete the
  following
• Classify the instruments into the five basic
  categories aerophones, idiophones,
  membranophones, chordophones, or electrophones
• What characteristics of the instruments helped
  you classify them?
• Are there any instruments that might fall into
  more than one category? How did you decide?

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World MusicTraditional Music Cultures

• Traditional musical styles and genres are often
  associated with specific cultures or geographic
  areas. Indeed, some cultures have musical
  expressions so distinctive that they are
  immediately recognizable.

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World MusicMexico

• Mexico is a large country with many regions. As
  in the United States, these regions differ in
  dialect, foods, clothing, and music. The
  official language is Spanish.
• For many centuries music has played a central
  role in the lives of the Mexican people. Before
  the arrival of Spanish conquistadors in 1519,
  both religious and social music were important to
  the native cultures living in the region. The
  Spaniards introduced a rich musical heritage,
  including a wide variety of music and
  instruments. Enslaved Africans and Caribbean
  immigrants also influenced Mexican music. The
  cross-fertilization and blending of native,
  Spanish, and African cultures produced a rich
  mestizo, or mixed, culture. It also produced
  forms of music that have been enjoyed by people
  around the world.

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World MusicMexico

• Mexicans use music to celebrate events such as
  baptisms, birthdays, weddings, anniversaries,
  funerals, civic ceremonies, and religious
  holidays. The people sing along with the
  musicians and burst out with enthusiastic yells,
  laughter, clapping, and dancing.
• Traditional songs are called sones jarochos. One
  of the most famous sones jarochos is La Bamba.
• A style of ensemble music from the Mexican state
  of Jalisco is played by the mariachi. This is a
  musical group with several violins, trumpets,
  large bass guitar, and special five- and
  six-string guitars.

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World MusicActivity 2

• Perform Rhythmic Patterns
• Hear and perform the repeated rhythmic patterns
  in La Bamba.
• Clap bass rhythm
• 1 2 3 4
• Rhythm of feet Foot pattern l
  r-l r l-r(l left, r right)
• p. 33, Activity 4
• CD 1 33 La Bamba

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World MusicWest Africa

• The music of West Africa has made lasting
  contributions to our own culture. In particular,
  the rich heritage of African rhythms has
  influenced much American music, including jazz.
  Often, these unique percussive rhythms find their
  basis in African drumming.
• In much West African drumming, musicians play
  clave. This is a basic rhythmic pattern that
  provides the foundation for the complex rhythms
  played by multiple drums. The pattern is usually
  played on an iron bell or on a pair of round
  wooden sticks called claves. It can be played
  on any instrument so long as it is enough to be
  heard above the drumming.

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World MusicWest Africa

• Clave patterns can be heard in music everywhere.
  They often serve as a recurring rhythm in Latin
  jazz, rhythm and blues, and other African
  American musical styles. Consider the
  international appeal of salsa and other
  Latin-based music. The magnetic attraction of
  the rhythms can be seen on dance floors
  throughout the world.

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World MusicActivity 3

• Learn to recognize and play the clave pattern.
• The clave pattern is actually two patterns in
  one. That is, the first eight beats have one
  pattern, the next eight a different pattern. The
  beat patterns in clave music are as follows
  First half Second half
• 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6
  7 8
• p. 16, Activity 6
• CD 1 18 Gome drummingCD 1 19 Cha-cha