the Indian subcontinent

1
the Indian subcontinent Since 1947 The Legacy
of Independence
2
Last Viceroy Lord Louis Francis Albert Victor
Nicholas Mountbatten
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Border problems

• India Split
• India (Hindu Majority)
• East and West Pakistan (Muslim Majority

These two nations would have a huge influence on
the region from 1947 on
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Jawarlal Nehru

• Ally of Gandhi.
• 1st Prime Minister of India, 1947-1964.
• Advocated Industrialization vs. Gandhis rural
  emphasis
• Promoted increased agriculture Taken up by his
  daughter, Indira (who was best know for it)
• Mixed Economy ? Socialism coming up in a minute!
• Nonaligned Movement.

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Non-Alignment Movement
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Indias mixed economy

• The mix refers to private and public
  ownership. Socialism
• Foreign aid and foreign investment are crucial
  (also something Gandhi disagreed with).
• Urban areas have high-tech companies.
• Three quarters of the population are farmers
  living in small villages.

7
Indira Gandhi

• Nehrus daughter.
• Prime Minister of India, 1966-1984.
• Continues Nehrus policies. Especially the Green
  Revolution
• Faced internal rebellion from the Sikh (a group
  that blends Hinduism and Islam) separatists.
• Control Population!

8
Indias Green Revolution

• Introducing higher-yielding varieties of seeds
  in 1965.
• Increased use of fertilizers irrigation.
• GOAL ? make India self-sufficient in food grains.
• India's "Green Revolution" allowed RICH farmers
  to triple their crop by using modern science and
  technology.

9
Indias persecution of the Sikhs (a group that
blends Hinduism and Islam)
Push for Independence
10
Mrs. Gandhi assassinated!
Mrs. Gandhi lying in state. 1984
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Rajiv Gandhi

• Indiras son.
• Prime Minister of India, 1984-1989.
• Some reform of economy and government.
  Privatization!
• Also faced rebellion.
• Assassinated in 1991 while campaigning by Tamil
  Tigers (a separatist group).

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Mrs. Sonia Maino Gandhi

• 1983 ? Indian citizen.
• 1984 ? first lady when her husband, Rajiv
  Gandhi, succeeded his assassinated mother
  as Prime Minister.

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• 1991 ? Tragedy struck the Gandhifamily again
  when Rajiv was killed by a suicide bomber.

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Major problems Issues in india today

• Overpopulation ? 1 billion climbing.
• Economic development.
• Hindu-Muslim tensions.
• Gender issues ? dowry killings.
• Caste bias ? discrimination against untouchables
  continues.
• The Kashmir dispute and nuclear weapons.
• Political assassinations.

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Greater Tamil Nadu
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Tamil SeparatismThe Tamil Tigers
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Is the dream gone?