How to Begin Implementation of a Token Economy?

1
How to Begin Implementation of a Token Economy?

• Explain the program Practice using it with the
  students
• Award tokens with praise
• Diminish tokens but maintain praise
• Make needed adjustments

2
Are There Variations of This Technique?

• Permit peers to share the earned backup
  reinforcers (play a game with a friend)
• Use a peer management system (Using peers who
  have earned the privilege to help dispense
  tokens)
• Combine a token system with a classroom level
  system

So what is a classroom level system?
A level system is a multistep management system
in which each step signifies a number of target
behaviors that a student must master.
3
Are There Variations of this Technique?

• Combine a token system with a group contingency
• Combine response cost with the use of a token
  system

With a token economy/group contingency, the
entire groups performance determines whether
each individual in that group will earn a token.
So what is a group contingency?
Response cost is a used to take away a
predetermined number of tokens for previously
defined inappropriate behaviors
So what is response cost?
4
What Are Some Potential Problems?

• Token economies are complex systems
• Unequal pricing of backup reinforcers
• Misuse of tokens
• Token hoarding
• Behavior deteriorates after fading
• Hyper focuses on reward
• Neglecting legal rights

5
What is Differential Reinforcement?
It uses positive reinforcement to separate
appropriate behavior from inappropriate behavior
by increasing one while decreasing the other
Differential Reinforcement is the reinforcement
of one form of behavior and not another, or the
reinforcement of a response under one condition
but not another.
6
What Needs to be Done to Use Differential
Reinforcement ?

• Things to Do
• Select behaviors to be decreased or increased
• Select alternative, incompatible, or
  communicative behaviors to be taught

7
What Needs to be Done to Use Differential
Reinforcement ?
Things to Do 3. Determine time interval 4. Set
criterion 5. Ignore inappropriate behaviors 6.
Monitor the students performance
8
What are the Six Strategies that Make Up
Differential Reinforcement?
Alternative Behavior
9
What Do You Mean By Alternative, Incompatible,
and Communicative Behavior?
Incompatible holding the sides of a desk or
playing with a fidget toy is an incompatible
behavior for putting hands in mouth.
Alternative - working on an assignment is an
alternative behavior for wandering around the room
Communicative responding to an activity choice
board when frustrated or having a tantrum for a
student who cannot speak.
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PBIS Intervention Ideas Visual Structure
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PBIS Intervention Ideas

• Why Use Visual Structure in the Classroom?

• It helps children to learn better
• It helps the child to understand and utilizes
  their strengths of visual processing
• It helps children to be calm by adapting the
  environment to make it orderly predictable
• It helps with behavior management because it
  reduces anxiety disorganization
• It helps children to achieve independence

12
PBIS Intervention Ideas
We all use visual tools! Think about it?????
Calendars
Day Timers
To Do Lists
Recipes
Menus
Signs in our Environment
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PBIS Intervention Ideas

• What are some visual supports for the classroom?

• Daily Visual Schedules
• Work Systems
• Task Lists
• Modifications for clarity

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PBIS Intervention Ideas
Daily Schedules
Schedules can help children predict and Organize
daily events
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PBIS Intervention Ideas
SCHEDULE Name Day
Date