????? Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

1
??????????
2
???????????????

• ???????????
• ????????
• ???????
• Mobile Ad hoc Networks
• Wireless Sensor Networks
• ?????????
• Software Agent
• Mobile Agent
• CSCW????
• ?????????
• ??????????????

3
Mobile Ad hoc Networks
4
?????????????

• ??????????????
• ?????????????????
• peer-to-peer????????
• ?????????????????????
• ????????????????
• Weak Connectivity
• ???????????

5
??????????????

• ??????????????
• ??????????????
• ??? (Military) ??
• ?????????
• ????? (Civilian) ??
• ??????????????????????????????????
• ??????
• ????????
• ????????????

6
Introduction
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Traditional Networks

• Internet ? Ad Hoc Network ????
• ??????????????
• ?????????????????????

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Cellular Networks

• Cellular Networks ? Ad Hoc Network ????
• ?????????????????????????

???
???
???
???
???
???
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Single-hop Wireless Networks

• Cellular networks ????????
• ???????????????????

????????
????????
????????
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Multi-hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

• ?????????? Ad Hoc Network
• ?????????????????
• ????????????
• ????????????????

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???????????(???)

• ??????????????
• ??????????????
• ??? (Military) ??
• ?????????
• ????? (Civilian) ??
• ??????????????????????????????????
• ??????
• ????????
• ????????????
• ?????????

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Flooding
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Key Technology Flooding

• Internet
• ??????IP?????????????????????
• ??????????????????????/????????
• Ad Hoc Networks
• ?????????????????
• ??????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????

Flooding
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Flooding for Data Delivery

• ???S???D????(????)P????????????????????????
• P?????????????????????P???????????????
• ??????????????????????P???????????????
• P???D???????D???????????????????

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Flooding for Data Delivery
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
????P???????????
?????????????????
16
Flooding for Data Delivery
Y
?????????????
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
????P???????????
????P???
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Flooding for Data Delivery
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
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Flooding for Data Delivery
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
???C?????P?G?H????????????????????????????????????
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Flooding for Data Delivery
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
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Flooding for Data Delivery
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
???D?????????????P????N??????
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Flooding for Data Delivery
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
Flooding ??
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Flooding for Data Delivery Advantages

• ???????? (?????)
• ??????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????? (Discovery/Maintenance)
  ?????????????
• ????????????
• ???????????????????????????

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Flooding for Data Delivery Disadvantages

• ???????????
• ?????????????????????
• ??????????100?????????
• Flooding ????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????
• ???2????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????Flooding?????????????????????????
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Flooding of Control Packets

• ?????????????????????? flooding ??
• ?????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????

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Ad Hoc Networking Protocols
26
???????????????????????????

• DARPA(??????) ???????
• Packet Radio Network (PRNET) 1972-1983
• Survivable Adaptive Networks (SURAN) 1983-1992
• Global Mobile Information Systems (GLOMO)
  1995-2000
• IETF Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) Working Group
  1997-
• Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)
• Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV)

27
??????????????????????????

• Reactive ? (On-Demand?)?????
• ??????????????????
• Proactive ? (Table-Driven?)?????
• ???????????????????
• Hybrid??????

28
DSR Dynamic Source Routing

• ???S??????D??????????????? Route Discovery ???
• ???S?Route Request (RREQ)? Flooding ??
• ?????????RREQ??????? ????????RREQ?????

David B. Johnson (CMU ? Rice Univ.)
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Route Discovery in DSR
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
S??D???? RREQ ???????????
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Route Discovery in DSR
Y
Z
S
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
X,Y RREQ ???????????????
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Route Discovery in DSR
Y
Z
S
S,E
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
S,C
H
D
K
I
N
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Route Discovery in DSR
Y
Z
S
E
F
S,E,F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
S,C,G
I
N
???C? RREQ ?G?H???????????????RREQ????????????????
?
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Route Discovery in DSR
Y
Z
S
E
F
S,E,F,J
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
S,C,G,K
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Route Discovery in DSR
Y
Z
S
E
S,E,F,J,M
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
???D?????????RREQ????N??????
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Route Discovery in DSR

• ???D? Router Reply (RREP) ??????
• RREP?RREQ???????????????????????
• RREP??S??D???????????????
• ???S????????? RREP ?????????????D??????????(?????)
  ???

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Route Reply in DSR
Y
Z
S
RREP S,E,F,J,D
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
RREP ???
S?D????? S?E?F?J?D ?????????
37
Data Delivery in DSR
Y
Z
DATA S,E,F,J,D
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
???????????????????????????
38
Route Error (RERR)
Y
Z
RERR J-D
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
J?D????????????????????Reply Error (RERR)
?J?F?E?S???????????S???? RERR?????????S?J?D???????
????
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AODV Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing

• DSR??????????????????????????
• ?????????????????
• AODV????????????????????????????????????????

Charles E. Perkins (IBM?Sun?Nokia)
40
Route Requests in AODV
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
S??D???? RREQ ???????????
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Route Requests in AODV
Y
?????????????
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
RREQ???
42
Route Requests in AODV
Y
E?RREQ?S?????????????????
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
??????????
43
Reverse Path Setup in AODV
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
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Reverse Path Setup in AODV
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
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Reverse Path Setup in AODV
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
46
Route Reply in AODV
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
RREP???????????
47
Forward Path Setup in AODV
Y
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
RREP?????????S??????????????????????
????
48
Data Delivery in AODV
Y
DATA
Z
S
E
F
B
C
M
L
J
A
G
H
D
K
I
N
49
Route Error in AODV

• ??????????????????????????Route Error
  ????????????(????????????????????)

Route Error Packet ? Flooding ????
?????????????????????
50
Summary DSR vs. AODV

• DSR
• ???????????????????????
• ???????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????
• AODV
• ??????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????

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Challenges

• ??????
• ???????????
• Quality of Service (??????)??
• ???????????

IETF manet http//www.ietf.org/html.charters/mane
t-charter.html CMU Monarch Project (DSR)
http//www.monarch.cs.cmu.edu/ Charles E. Perkins
(AODV) http//www.srvloc.org/charliep/charliep.ht
ml
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?????????
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?????????

• ???????????????????
• ????????????

??? ???
??? ???
??? ???
??? ???
??? ???
??? ???
??? ???
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??????
Mica 02
Dot 01

• Motes
• Pushpin
• uCube
• Smart-Its

55
????????

• ?????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• Smart Kindergarten

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Smart Kindergarten

• ?????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????, ?????????????????

http//nesl.ee.ucla.edu/projects/smartkg/
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Smart Kindergarten???????

• Sensing Infrastructure
• ????????
• Network Infrastructure
• ???????????
• Middleware
• ???????????
• ????????? (??????)

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Smart Kindergarten????Smart Toy

• ???????????????? (???? / ????????? ??)
• ??????????????????
• ??????????????
• ??,??,??,???????????

action
Smart Toy
??
reaction
59
???
????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????? ?????????????????????
???????????????????????????????
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Source Jouni Welander (Siemens)