Comprehensive English(6)

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Comprehensive English(6)

• Prepared by ???
• Foreign languages Department, AHUT
• Tel [phone]

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Course Description

• Time 72 hours
• Contents 15 units
• Aims
• Full comprehension of the texts
• Appreciation of writing skills concerned
• All-round development of language skills
• Requirements
• preview---classroom participation--- language
  work

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Unit One Two Words to Avoid, Two to Remember

• Background information
• Outline
• Detailed discussion
• Language work

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• Manhattan
• One of the five
• Boroughs that
• Make up N.Y.
• City.

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• The smallest but
• the most prominent
• borough
• A thriving centre
• for trade

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Sigmund Freud(1856-1939)

• The father of psychoanalysis
• conscious mind
• unconscious mind
• (the source of our motivation)
• One of the greatest thinker of the 20th century
• change the way we view ourselves
• (end of human-centrism)
• ??????????

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About the Text

• Narration
• ---writing that tells a kind of story
• Narrator I ( first-person observer)
• People the Old Man and I
• Event a meeting with the Old Man
• Purpose the power of positive thinking
• Organization chronological order
• (Task time-markers in the text)

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Outline

• Para. 1 the purpose of the writing
• Para. 2-31 the meeting
• Para. 32-33 Conclusion

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Part I

• Ellipsis principle of economy in language use
• You ought to have told me instead of I you.
• Carry your bag? (Shall I)
• Would you? Thanks.
• Reading maketh a full man conference a ready
  man and writing an exact man.

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Part II (2-8)

• Where do they meet?
• What do you know about the Old Man?
• What details tell you they are old friend?

• On my part
• for my part
• Fall through
• Frown on/upon sth.
• Golf course
• Football field
• Boxing ring
• Sports ground
• At length

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Part II (9-26)

• What does the Old
• Man ask Me to do?
• Whats in common in the three recordings?
• Whats the Old Mans analysis of if only?
• And next time?
• Whats the function of the rain?
• --- coherent

• Let go by
• Get somewhere
• Use A instead of B
• Substitute A for B
• Substitute B with A
• Replace B with /by A
• Strike out
• Work miracles/ wonders

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• Part II (27-31)
• What does the story of getting the taxi suggest?
• Part III (32-33)
• What conclusion is drawn?
• Whats the function of this part?

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Practice

• If you fail in one examination, whats your
  reaction to it?
• An old woman--- two sons---selling
  umbrella---selling cloth shoes---always
  depressed---rainy days ---fine days
• Can you help her?

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Unit Two The Fine Art of Putting Things Off

• Pre-class discussion
• 1. Key words putting things off
• procrastination
• 2. The experience of procrastination ?
• result feeling of guilt/ depression/
  self-doubt
• reasonfear of failure/ dislike of the task
• unrealistic expectations and
• perfectionism
• remedysegment the task into small pieces
• reward yourself after
  completing one piece of it
• be reasonable in your
  expectations

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The Main Idea

• 1. The meaning of the title
• The skill of procrastination is so
  sophisticated that it can be a form of art.
• 2. Whats the authors attitude towards
  procrastination?
• negative , positive or neutral?
• 3. What message is communicated? (p. 23)
• 4. What does the passage impress you most ?

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Originality of the passage

• . The conventional view on procrastination
• Time and tide wait for no man.
• Time is money.
• Procrastination is the thief of time.
• ???(??)

• . The authors view
• It is not necessarily a dad thing .

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Creativity the nature of writing

• Writing, at its best, is a creative response to
  the need or desire to communicate. Every
  successful writing is in some way unique
• Creativity may lie in the topic itself. But more
  often it lies in what is said about the topic, in
  how the ideas are developed, or in the writers
  choice of words.

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Example

• ??
• ??
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• ?
• ??

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Outline

• Para. 1-2 Procrastination is common in
• our life.
• Para. 3-8 the manifestation of
• procrastination
• Para. 9Conclusion

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Detailed Discussion

• Para. 1-2
• How does the writer begin his essay?
• ---He begins with the famous saying and instances
  of non-compliance of some historically well-known
  figures.
• ---This effectively reminds people that
  procrastination is not under all circumstances a
  non-recommendable practice sometimes people do
  have a good reason to wait before they take
  action.

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1. Lord Chesterfield (1694-1773)

• --- English statesman, orator and author.
• --- His literary reputation rests upon his
  letters to his illegitimate son, Philip Stanhope.
  
• --- The letters, filled with wit and worldly
  wisdom, were published under the title Letters
  to His Son (1774).

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• Quotations from Chesterfields Letter
• --- Be wiser than other people, if you can,
  but do not tell them so.
• --- Never seem more learned than the people you
  are with. Wear your learning like a pocket watch
  and keep it hidden. Do not pull it out to count
  the hours, but give the time when you are asked.
• --- Common sense is the best sense I know of.

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2. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)

• English poet, critic., and man of letters,
  the literary dictator of England in the later
  half of the eighteenth century (the Age of
  Johnson)
• Best known for his Dictionary of the English
  Language (1755).

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3. Quintus Fabius Maximus ( 203 B.C.)

• Roman general whose cautious delaying tactics
  during the second stages of the Punics War
  (218-201 B.C.) gave Roman time to recover its
  strength and take the offensive against the
  invading Carthaginian army of Hannibal.
• Fabianism, a word derived from Fabius, has come
  to mean a gradual or cautious policy

• Punic Wars(64-146B.C.)
• Romans vs. Carthaginians
• Punic of ancient Carthage and its people (????).
• Carthage a city established by the Phoenicians
  at about 800 B.C. on the edge of a region in
  North Africa that is now Tunisia. It became the
  commericial center of the Western Mediterranean
  and retaineed that position until it was
  overthrown by Roman.

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• 4. Moses Hebrew liberator ,leader, lawgiver and
  prophet
• ---Exodus (????)
• 5.Hamlets hesitation
• --- Oedipus Complex
• --- Electra Complex

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6. Faust

• Faustian encounters
• --- In the early 16th century, German tales of a
  magician, Faust and the devil, Mephistophele
• ---With the devils help, Faust could perform
  remarkable feats. In return, after his death,
  Faust soul will be at the disposal of the devil.
  
• --So, to encounter the devil is undesirable. Most
  people are unwilling to visit barbers, doctors,
  and dentists
• ?????

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Manifestation of Procrastination(3-8)

• writers--- stimulate creativity
• Military , diplomacy and law--- typical area of
  procrastination
• Business ,government and academe---purposeful
  procrastination
• People in general

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Marilyn Monroe
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Blenheim Palace the birthplace of Winston
Churchill
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The style and the tone

• 1.Formal style formal words long or complex
  sentences
• exhort attest to dub ungodly ruminate
  about echelon studded with
• 2. Humorous tone achieved through unusual
  combination
• marry his sons mother
• churn out 3-5 pages a day
• creating of a great paint and creation of an
  entree
• Serious topic --- joking supporting details
• (para. 4,5)

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Translation Practice

• ??????????????????(exhort)
• Franklin exhorted readers to be diligent and
  thrifty in his Autobiography.
• ??????????(attest to)
• Who can attest to the genuineness of the
  signature?
• ????????????,???????,?????????(dub)
• He is dubbed Tiny because he looks so small for
  his age.
• ?????????????????(rationalize)
• He tried to rationalize his refusal to take the
  advice.

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• ??????????????(incur)
• His words incurred our displeasure.
• ????????????????????????(virtually)
• It is virtually impossible for us to finish the
  work within such a short time.
• ??????????????????
• He ruminated over the likely consequences of the
  operation.
• ???????????
• The newspaper business in the region is
  flourishing.
• ??????????????(assiduous)
• It takes assiduous efforts to acquire a good
  command of English.

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Organization and Development

• Coherence(??)the meaning of each sentence, of
  each paragraph is well connected.
• Cohesion(??) the form of each sentence, of each
  paragraph is well connected.
• Cohesion contributes to coherence.

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Common Cohesive Devices

• Pronouns
• Mrs Mooney was a butchers daughter. She was a
  determined women.
• the
• Last year we went to Devon for a holiday. The
  holiday we had there was the best weve had.
• Conjunction
• --- Do you find the film exciting?
• ----On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half
  way through it.
• Lexical cohesion
• ?????,??????????,?????
• put off---delay / procrastinate / drag ones
  feet
• Task How are paragraphs linked with each
  other?

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Level of Usage

• Common words
• Formal or technical words
• Informal words