Vector, Scalar and Units Review

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Vector, Scalar and Units Review
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Vector vs. Scalar

• Definitions
• Vectors are any quantity in physics that can be
  characterized by both its magnitude and
  direction.
• Scalars are any quantity in physics that can be
  characterized by magnitude only.

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What is Magnitude?

• To keep is simple, magnitude can be thought of
  the value associated with a vector or scalar
  quantity.
• Ex. A boy runs 100 meters in the northerly
  direction in 20 seconds. What is the magnitude of
  his average velocity?
• Ans.
• Note magnitude is the value 5 m/s, which is also
  the scalar component of the velocity vector. In
  this example, it is the speed.

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d

• Stands for?
• Displacement or distance
• The Units are?
• meters (m)
• Displacement is a vector quantity.
• Distance is a scalar quantity.

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v

• Stands for?
• Velocity or speed
• The Units are?
• meters per second (m/s)
• Velocity is a vector quantity.
• Speed is a scalar quantity, and is the magnitude
  of the velocity vector.

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a, ac

• Stands for?
• Acceleration
• ac represents centripetal acceleration, which is
  an inward directed acceleration that applies to
  objects moving in circular paths.
• The Units are?
• meters per second2 (m/s2)
• Acceleration is a vector quantity.

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m

• Stands for?
• mass
• The Units are?
• kilograms (kg)
• Mass is a scalar quantity.

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t

• Stands for?
• time
• The Units are?
• seconds (s)
• Time is a scalar quantity.

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F, Fg, Fe

• Stands for?
• Force
• Fg mg, is the force due to gravity or weight.
• Fe is an electrostatic force.
• The Units are?
• Newtons (N)
• Force is a vector quantity

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p

• Stands for?
• Momentum m?v
• The Units are?
• Kilogram-meter per second (kg?m/s)
• momentum is a vector quantity.

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J

• Stands for?
• Impulse F?t
• The Units are?
• Newton-second (N?s)
• Impulse is a vector quantity.

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r

• Stands for?
• Radial distance between two points or objects.
• The Units are?
• meters (m)
• r is a scalar quantity

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E

• Stands for?
• Electric Field Intensity or Strength.
• The Units are?
• N/C (F/q)
• V/m (V/d)
• Electric Field Intensity is a vector quantity.

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q

• Stands for?
• Charge
• Units are?
• Coulombs (C)
• Alternate symbol representation
• Q or e
• Charge is a scalar quantity.

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I

• Stands for?
• Current (Flow of positive charge).
• Units are?
• Amperes (A)
• Current is a scalar quantity

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V

• Stands for?
• Volts / Voltage / Potential Difference / Electric
  Potential
• The Units are?
• Volts
• Electric Potential is a scalar quantity.

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R

• Stands for?
• Resistance (An electrical property of a material
  that is a measure of the resistance to flow of
  electrons in relation to an electrical
  potential.)
• The Units are?
• Ohms (?)
• Resistance is a scalar quantity.

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?

• Stands for?
• Resistivity (A natural property of a material
  that is a measure of the resistance to the flow
  of electrons.)
• The Units are?
• ??m

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A

• Stands for?
• Cross-sectional area (of a conductor).
• The Units are?
• m2

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L

• Stands for?
• Length (of a conductor).
• The Units are?
• m

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E

• May also be represented by U or W
• Stands for?
• Energy
• The Units are?
• Joules (J)
• Energy is a scalar quantity.

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W

• Stands for?
• Work
• The Units are?
• Joules (J)
• Work is a scalar quantity.

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P

• Stands for?
• Power
• The Units are?
• Watts (W)
• Joule per second (J/s)
• Power is a scalar quantity.

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B

• Stands for?
• Magnetic Field Intensity.
• The Units are?
• Tesla (T)
• Magnetic Field Intensity is a vector quantity.

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c

• Stands for?
• Speed of light
• The Units are?
• m/s
• The Value is?
• 3.0 x 108 m/s

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f

• Stands for?
• Frequency (The number of waves that pass a point
  in space per unit of time.)
• The Units are?
• Hertz (Hz), cycles/second, or (1/s)
• Frequency is a scalar quantity.

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T

• Stands for?
• Period (The time required for a wave to complete
  1 cycle, or one wavelength.)
• The Units are?
• Seconds (s)
• The period is a scalar quantity.

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?

• Stands for?
• Wavelength (The distance at which a wave will
  repeat the same pattern over again.)
• The Units are?
• Meters (m)
• Wavelength is a scalar quantity

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n

• Stands for?
• Index of refraction (property of a material that
  is used to determine both the speed of light in
  that material and the amount that the light will
  bend.)
• Quantum energy level.
• The Units are?
• None

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?i, ?r, ?1, ?2

• Stands for?
• Angle of incidence (?i)
• Angle of reflection (?r)
• Angle of incidence (?1)
• Angle of refraction (?2)
• All angles are relative to a normal to the
  surface.

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h

• Stands for?
• Planck's Constant
• The Units are?
• Joule second (J.s)
• The value is
• 6.626 x 10-34 J.s

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k

• Stands for?
• Electrostatic constant
• The Units are?
• Newtons meters2 / Coulombs2 (Nm2/C2)
• The Value is
• 8.99 x 109 Nm2/C2

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e

• Stands for?
• Elementary charge
• Charge on a proton or electron
• The Units are?
• Coulombs (C)
• The Value is
• 1.6 x 10-19 C

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Kinematics
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Forces
Coefficient of Friction
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Work Energy
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Electrostatics
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Current Electricity
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Magnetism
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Waves
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Light Optics
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Constants
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Vector or Scalar?
Scalars Scalars Vectors Vectors
Distance Power Displacement Momentum
Speed Charge Velocity Impulse
Mass Current Acceleration Electric Field Strength
Time Voltage Force Electric Field Strength
Work Resistance Weight Magnetic Field Strength
Energy Wavelength Normal Force Magnetic Field Strength
Kinetic Energy Frequency Tension
Pot. Energy Period Friction
Elect. Energy Centripetal Force
Internal Energy Centripetal Force