CE 303: Introduction to Construction

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CE 303 Introduction to Construction

• Blueprint Lab

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Construction Drawings
Blueprints Lines, Symbols, and Views
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Objectives

• Types of lines and symbols
• Various types of views used in drawings
• Topography/contour maps
• Profiles
• Cross Sections
• Plot Plans

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Legends

• List of symbols used to identify features in the
  drawing.
• Every symbol and line type used in the drawing
  will have a corresponding entry in the legend.

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General Line Types(Alphabet of Lines)

• Property Lines
• Border Lines
• Object Lines
• Hidden Lines
• Center Lines
• Dimension and Extension Lines
• Break Lines
• Cutting Plane Lines or Section Lines

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Alphabet of Lines
property line
border line
object line
hidden line
center line
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Alphabet of Lines
Dimension Line
dimension extension lines
23-6
Extension Line
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Alphabet of Lines
break lines
long
short
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Alphabet of Lines
cutting-plane lines
direction section is facing
F A5
B
B
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Blueprint View Types

• Plan Views
• Orthographic/Perspective
• Detail Views
• Contour/Topographic Views
• Cross-sections
• Profiles
• Plot Plans

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Typical Architectural Plan View
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Orthographic Views/Drawings

• all construction drawings use orthographic
  drawings
• projected at right angles
• more detail can be shown
• start with the front view
• drawn to true size or scale

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Perspective View/Drawings

• most realistic
• receding lines meet at vanishing points
• one - point
• two - point

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Perspective Drawings
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Detail Views

• Certain features can not always be clearly shown
  on construction drawings.
• Require a large scale illustration to show all of
  the details.
• May be placed on the same sheets as the plan or
  elevation views or on separate sheets.

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Detail Views
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Topography Contours

• Contour Lines identify the ground elevation.
• All points along a single contour line have the
  same elevation.
• The interval between contours can represent any
  convenient distance. (i.e. 1, 2, 5, etc)
• Topography is the location and elevation of
  features, consisting of both natural and man-made
  objects.

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Cross Sections

• Cross sections show the inside of a structure,
  or the elevations of the earth and structures
  along a station.
• Used heavily in earthworks and highway
  construction.
• Provided for features whose construction is not
  shown clearly on plan or elevation drawings.

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Example of Cross Section
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Profiles

• Profiles are vertical sections through a
  topographic map that shows the earths surface at
  any location along an alignment.
• Profiles often have a vertical exaggeration in
  order to show more detail of the surface.

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Plot Plans(Site Plans)

• View from above the property that illustrates
  location of building on the lot.
• Lot and block number or address
• Bearing and length of property lines
• North arrow
• Dimensions of front, rear and side yards.
• Location of other accessory buildings
• Location of walks, drives, fences, etc
• Location of Utilities, and easement setbacks
• Elevations at various locations
• Etc

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