Dr Amina Rashad and Dr Nahed Kandeel

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Qualitative Research and
Its Practical Applications

• Dr Amina Rashad and Dr Nahed Kandeel

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Sampling in Qualitative Research
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Sampling

• Sampling It is involves selecting a group of
  people, events, behavior or any other elements.
• Sampling plan the process of making the
  selection.
• Sample selected group of people or elements..
• Sampling decision have the major impact on the
  research result

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Sample

• Sampling becomes purposive, not random.
• To be valid, study must observe truly
  representative sample.
• Multiple realities of population should be
  represented

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Sampling Procedures

• Quantitative Research
• Examine the distribution of previously known
  phenomena and testing relationships between
  variables------It is appropriate to use random
  sampling technique

• Qualitative Research
• Seeks to understand phenomena..The information
  may not be distributed among populationit is
  not appropriate to use random sampling technique

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Sample in Qualitative Research

• Select the sample according to the purpose of the
  study rather than the relationship of the subject
  to the over all population.
• Data are collected until no new information is
  obtained.

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How many interview subjects do I need?

• Interview as many subjects as necessary to find
  out what you need to know. (Kvale,1996).
• It depends on a study Purpose.
• To understand the world as experienced by one
  specific personone subject is sufficient

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Types of Samples

• 1- Opportunistic sample the informants are
  selected according to the quality of their
  relationships with the researcher and their
  abilities to provide clear explination for the
  researcher.
• 2- Convenience sample may be limited by time,
  constrains or other factors

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Judgmental Sample

• Informants has been chosen because of their
  specialized knowledge of some particular topic.
• Purposive sample theoretical sample
• Informant will facilitate the development of
  emerging theory are selected.having specific
  characteristics.

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Snowball or Nominated

• In which sample frame follows social
  networks..this technique is particularly useful
  when the researcher is regarded with suspicion
  and mistrust in the setting.

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Cont.

• Attitudes of boys and girls toward competition
  for grades..the sample may be as small as three
  boys and three girls.
• A common critique of the qualitative study is
  that the findings are not generalizable because
  there are too few subjects

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Learned Lessons

• Obtaining detailed significant Knowledge from a
  few subjects which can be later generalizable to
  lager group.
• Quantitatively, each single case contained
  immense number of observations.
• Qualitatively, the focus in single case made it
  possible to investigate in detail the
  relationship of a specific behavior to its
  context, to workout the logic of the relationship
  between the individual and the situation