Religion

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Religion

• Why do religions organize space in distinctive
  patterns?

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Religious buildings

• No matter what religion, until recently churches,
  etc. were the tallest, most elaborate buildings
• Impact of religion on the landscape is profound,
  because many people believe life on Earth should
  be spent in the service of God

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Religious Buildings

• May be places for people to worship or structures
  to house religious artifacts
• Sacred structures are anchors of a faith.

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Christian Churches

• Word church derives from Greek meaning lord,
  master, and power.
• Church is more critical in Christianity than
  other religions, because it is an expression of
  religious principles, and an environment created
  in the image of God.
• Collective worship in a church is considered very
  important

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Christian Churches

• Built with a variety of materials, depending on
  what was available locally
• Churches are extremely expensive to design,
  build, and maintain
• Early churches modled after bascilicas, Roman
  buildings for public assembly
• Typically central hall and 2 side aisles

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Christian Churches

• Raised alter symbolizes hill of Calvary where
  Jesus was crucified
• Gothic churches floor plan in form of cross
• Orthodox- Basilica- most ornate
• RC- Church or Cathedral- in the middle
• Protestant- Church or megachurch- least ornate

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Islamic Mosque

• Unlike a church, a Mosque is not viewed as a
  sanctified place but as a location for the
  community to worship
• Organized around a central courtyard. Pulpit
  faces Mecca
• Minaret- a tower from which a muzzan summons
  people to worship

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Hindu Temples

• Sacred structures for collective worship are
  relatively unimportant
• Temples are built to house shrines for gods
  instead of community worship
• Wealthy people or groups of people maintain the
  temples
• Contains a small, dimly lit room containing a
  sacred artifact or image

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Buddhist/Taoist/Shinto Pagodas

• Tall, many sided towers, arranged in a series of
  tiers, balconies, and slanting roofs
• Pagodas contain relics that were once part of
  Buddhas body or clothing
• Not designed for congregational worship

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Bahai

• Wilmette, Illinois
• Open to adherents of all religions, services
  include scriptures from various religions

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Sacred space- disposing of dead

• Jews, Christians, Muslims bury dead in a
  cemetery- often doubles as a park
• Early Christians worshipped and buried their dead
  in catacombs- underground passages.
• Some Christians bury dead w/ feet toward
  Jerusalem
• Egyptians buried dead on West side of river,
  lived on E. side

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Sacred space- disposing of dead

• Hindus practice cremation- burning the dead- so
  did Europeans until Christianity
• Zoroastrians expose the dead to birds and
  animals- Tibetan Buddhists

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