Title: UNITED NATIONS
1The United Nations the Millennium Development
Goals
2What is the United Nations?
- United Nations (UN) is an international
organization dedicated to promoting peace and
security around the world. - UN was founded on October 24, 1945 by original 51
member states. - UN logo symbolizes the world held in the olive
branch.
3Aims of the United Nations
- Maintain peace throughout the world
- Promote better living standard for everyone
- Eliminate poverty, hunger, disease, and
illiteracy - Encourage human rights and freedom
- Prevent and stop environmental destruction
- Assist countries in need
4Where is the UN located?
- United Nations headquarters is located in New
York City. - The UN European Headquarters is in the Palais des
Nations, Geneva, Switzerland. - The United Nations has its own flag, its own post
office and its own postage stamps.
5Quick Facts
- The six official languages of United Nations are
Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and
Spanish. - The head of the UN Secretariat is the
Secretary-General. - The current UN Secretary-General is Ban Ki-moon
of South Korea.
6Member States of the UN
- Member states Nations that have joined the UN.
- 192 independent nations are members of the UN.
- The Big 5 China, France, Russia, United
Kingdom, and United States. (5 Permanent Members
on the Security Council)
7Main Bodies of the UN
Secretariat International Court of Justice (ICJ)
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) General Assembly (GA)
Security Council (SC) Security Council (SC)
8Quick Facts 2 General Assembly
- The General Assembly is the only main organ which
represents all member states. - Each nation has one vote in the General Assembly.
- 2/3 majority in the General Assembly is required
to pass a resolution, solutions to a given
problem that has been debated on.
9Specialized Agencies of the UN
- United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF)
- United Nations Educations, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - United Nations Development Fund for Women
(UNIFEM) - United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
10Questions
- What does the term millennium mean?
- What is meant by the phrase global goals ?
- How can we measure the achievement
- of these goals? (establish targets)
11Millennium Defined
- Millennium Period of 1000 years
- Since there is no year 0 in the transition from
BC (years Before Christ) to AD (years Anno
Domini or after Christs birth), the 1st
millennium AD spans year 1-1000. - The 2nd millennium is 1001-2000.
- The 3rd Millennium began January 1, 2001.
12Millennium Goals Defined
- Goal An objective or the purpose toward which
an endeavor is directed - Thus, the Millennium Goals are objectives to be
achieved by the United Nations between 2000-2015.
13Millennium Goals
- Established at the Millennium Summit in September
2000. - The Millennium Declaration defines specific
goals. - Specific objectives or targets are identified
with deadlines and development criteria. - These goals form a blueprint agreed to by all the
nations and global leading development
institutions.
14What do you think are the most pressing global
problems today?
15- Brainstorming
- Can you identify the global issues
- that you believe to be the most in
- need of attention?
16Responsibility
- What is the responsibility that comes along with
knowledge about these situations? - Who is ultimately responsible for the worlds
problems?
171. Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger
- Reduce by half the proportion of people living on
less than a dollar a day. - -1.1 billion in all developing
- countries 2001 46.4 of people
- living in Sub-Saharan Africa.
- Reduce by half the proportion of people who
suffer from hunger. - -Every 3.6 seconds one person dies
- of starvation. Usually it is a child
- under the age of 5.
182. Achieve Universal Primary Education
- Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full
course of primary schooling. - -More than 100 million children around the
world do not have access to primary school
education.
19Facts
- Universal primary education would cost 10
billion a year - that's half what Americans spend
on ice cream. - Out-of-school children in developing countries
are especially vulnerable to poverty, hunger,
violence, exploitation and disease, contributing
to future generations of people with limited life
chances and almost certain poverty.
203. Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
- Eliminate gender disparity in primary and
secondary education preferably by 2005, and at
all levels by 2015. - -Nineteen countries have failed to achieve
gender parity in primary education and
twenty-four countries have failed to alleviate
the gender gap in secondary education.
214. Reduce Child Mortality
- Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among
children under five - -The world child mortality rate was cut
almost in half from 1960 to 1990, and then was
reduced by another 11 percent in the 1990s as a
result of carefully targeted efforts by
experienced international agencies.
225. Improve Maternal Health
- Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality
ratio - -It is estimated that around 529,000 women
die each year from maternal causes. For every
woman who dies, nearly 20 more suffer injuries,
infection and disabilities in pregnancy/childbir
th. This means at least 10 million women a year
incur this type of damage.
236. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Other Diseases
- Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS.
- -About 36.3 million persons of working age are
now living with HIV/AIDS a majority in
sub-Saharan Africa. - Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of
malaria and other major diseases. - -According to the World Health Organization,
malaria is the most expensive diseasethe world's
greatest single cause of disablement.
247. Ensure Environmental Sustainability
- Integrate the principles of sustainable
development into country policies and programs
reverse loss of environmental resources. - Reduce by half the proportion of people without
sustainable access to safe drinking water.
258. Develop a Global Partnership for Development
- Develop further an open trading and financial
system that is rule-based, predictable and
non-discriminatory with a commitment to good
governance, development and poverty reduction
nationally/internationally. - Address the least developed countries' special
needs.
268. Develop a Global Partnership for Development
contd.
- Deal comprehensively with developing countries'
debt problems. - In cooperation with the developing countries,
develop decent and productive work for youth. - Work with pharmaceutical companies, provide
access to affordable essential drugs in
developing countries. - With support of the private sector, make
available the benefits of new technologies.
27What can you do?
- How do the Millennium Goals compare to those you
came up with? - What are the issues that you care about?
- How can you get involved to do something?
- Are there ways to think globally, while acting
locally?