HEREDITY

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HEREDITY
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HEREDITY

• THE PASSING ON OF TRAITS FROM ONE ORGANISM TO ITS
  OFFSPRING

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GREGOR MENDEL

• FATHER OF GENETICS
• STUDIED PEA PLANTS

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TRAITS

• CHARACTERIS-TICS OF A LIVING THING
• GENES

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DOMINANT TRAITS

• TRAITS WHICH ARE EXPRESSED OR SEEN

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RECESSIVE TRAIT

• A TRAIT WHICH IS NOT SEEN

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PUREBRED

• WHEN GENES ARE THE SAME FOR A PARTICULAR TRAIT
  GENERATION AFTER GENERATION
• YY

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HYBRID

• GENES THAT ARE DIFFERENT FOR A TRAIT
• Yy

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INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE

• NEITHER GENE MASKS THE OTHER

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GENETIC PRINCIPLES

• TRAITS OR CHARACTERISTICS, ARE PASSED ON FROM ONE
  GENERATION TO THE NEXT
• THE TRAITS OF AN ORGANISM ARE CONTROLLED BY GENES
• ORGANISMS INHERIT GENES IN PAIRS, ONE FROM EACH
  PARENT

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CONTINUED

• SOME GENES ARE DOMINANT, WHEREAS OTHER GENES ARE
  RECESSIVE
• DOMINANT GENES HIDE RECESSIVE GENES WHEN BOTH ARE
  INHERITED
• SOME GENES ARE NEITHER DOMINANT NOR RECESSIVE.
  THESE SHOW INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE

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PROBABILITY

• USED TO PREDICT THE RESULTS OF GENETIC CROSSES

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PUNNETT SQUARE

• A CHART USED TO SHOW POSSIBLE GENE COMBINATIONS
  BETWEEN TWO ORGANISMS.

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PHENOTYPE

• HOW SOMETHING ACTUALLY APPEARS (HAIR AND EYE COLOR

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GENOTYPE

• THE ACTUAL GENE MAKEUP OF AN ORGANISM.

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MUTATION

• WHEN AN ERROR OCCURS IN THE DNA WHEN IT IS
  COPIED.
• IT CAUSES CHANGES WHICH MAY OR MAY NOT BE HARMFUL

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GENDER DETERMINATION

• EACH EGG PRODUCED BY FEMALES HAS 1 X CHROMOSOME.
• MALES PRODUCE SPERM WHICH WILL HAVE EITHER AN X
  OR Y CHROMOSOME.

XX XY
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SEX-LINKED DISORDERS

• A SEX LINKED GENE IS AN ALLELE ON A SEX
  CHROMOSOME WHICH CREATES A CONDITION.

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QUESTIONS????????