Indicators

1
Indicators

• Review of key indicators to be measured in the
  baseline assessment

2
Groups of indicators
3
Description of an indicator

• Each indicator has a
• Numerator
• Denominator
• For example
• Proportion of primary health facilities that
  provide basic emergency obstetric and newborn
  care (24 hours/day, 7 days/week)
• Proportion of children aged 1223 months who are
  fully immunized
• Under-five mortality rate

4
Targets

• A programme will revise and add to its targets as
  it adds new activities.
• However, the list of targets should never become
  too large.
• A limited number of targets should be selected
  and should be kept simple they must be useful
  for planning activities and resource needs and be
  useful for evaluation.

5
SA targets
Year   Statistic   Target (2014)
Infant mortality rate   2009   40 per 1 000 live births.  36
Under-5 mortality rate (U5MR)  2009   56 per 1 000 live births. 50
Perinatal mortality rate   2009   36.3 per 1 000 total births  
Neonatal mortality rate   2009   14.0 per 1 000 live births 12
Stillbirth rate   2009   24.5 per 1 000 total births  
6
Where have we got to so far?

• The DCSTs are required to conduct a situation
  analysis (baseline assessment) in each district
• We have agreed about some of the information that
  the situation analysis needed to provide. For
  example
• Demographic information, e.g. population
  statistics
• Mortality statistics, e.g. MMR, U5MR
• Support systems, e.g. staffing, transport
• Key programme performance, e.g. IMCI,
  immunisation
• Now we need to choose indicators (and tools) that
  can provide us with this information

7
Activity

• Two sets of indicators for review maternal and
  child.
• 6 groups 3 maternal, 3 child. Choose one to
  join.
• Suggested indicators document will be handed out
  now.
• First ensure you understand each column heading
• Discuss each indicator one by one
• For each variable ask the question Is the
  information provided by this indicator useful or
  necessary? Should we collect it?

8
Activity

• Which of the direct observation indicators will
  your team collect? Why? What value will this add
  to your work?
• Agree on recommendations about
• which variables should be removed from the list
• whether any new variables need to be added.
• On the list of indicators mark
• Indicators which need to be changed in any way.
• Indicators that should be removed. Why?
• Indicators that you want to add? Why?

9
Report back

• Each group will report on the indicators that
  need to be changed, any indicators to be removed
  and any that need to be added.
• Reporters should not repeat points already raised
  by other groups.
• After this session, the provincial specialists or
  selected obstetricians and paediatricians, will
  consider the recommendations from the groups and
  refine the list of indicators based on these
  recommendations.
• The chosen indicators will be incorporated into
  the situation analysis template that each
  district will need to complete.

10
WHO The 11 indicators of maternal, newborn and
child health

• Maternal mortality ratio
• Under-five child mortality, with the proportion
  of newborn deaths
• Children under five who are stunted
• Proportion of demand for family planning
  satisfied (met need for contraception)
• Antenatal care coverage (at least four times
  during pregnancy)
• Antiretroviral (ARV) HIVpositive pregnant women
  to prevent HIV transmission and antiretroviral
  therapy for pregnant women who are
  treatment-eligible
• Skilled attendant at birth
• Postnatal care for mothers and babies within two
  days of birth
• Exclusive breastfeeding for six months (05
  months)
• Three doses of combined diphtheria-tetanuspertussi
  s (DTP3) immunization coverage (1223 months)
• Antibiotic treatment for suspected pneumonia