WELCOME BACK!!!!

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WELCOME BACK!!!!

• Writing Prompt G16 Write down and analyze the
  following quote Education is a progressive
  discovery of our own ignorance. Will Durant
• Homework G17 Summarize the days notes AND
  write 3 Level 2 questions about the days lecture.

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G19The Persian Empire
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The First Major Leader of Persia

• Cyrus the Great ruled from 580 529 B. C. E.
• Cyrus set up a policy of tolerance (acceptance)
• he allowed different cultures within his empire
  to keep their own institutions.

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A tolerant ruler

• He freed the Jews from the Babylonians and
  allowed over 40,000 to return to Palestine
  (Caanan/Israel)
• The Jews called him the anointed of the
  Lord.

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Cyrus the Great Dies

• After some fighting amongst generals, Darius the
  Great took over.
• He ruled from 522 BCE to 486 BCE.

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Darius the Great

• He extended the Persian Empire to the Indus River
  in northern India. (2 mil. s.q. mi.)
• He built the capital city of Persepolis
• He built a canal from the Nile River to the Red
  Sea

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Ancient Persepolis
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Persepolis
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The People of Persepolis
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Darius the Great

• Established a tax-collecting system.
• Divided the empire into districts called
  SATRAPIES (provinces)
• Built the great Royal Road system.
• Established a complex postal system.
• Created a network of spies called the Kings
  eyes and ears.

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Xerxes

• When Darius died, his son took over.
• Xerxes does not have a policy of tolerance for
  the cultures of conquered peoples.

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G19 Persian War
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Why did the Persians invade Greece?

• In 519 B.C.E. the Persians conquered a group of
  people who lived in Asia Minor called the Ionian
  Greeks.
• In 499 B.C.E. the Ionian Greeks asked the
  mainland Greeks to help them rebel against the
  Persians.

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Athens Gets Involved

• Athens sent warships to help them, but they were
  not strong enough to defeat the Persian navy.
• The interference of the Athenians made the
  Persian King, Darius, very angry with Greece
• So In 490 B.C.E. Darius sent 600 ships and
  thousands of soldiers to invade Greece. He
  wanted to punish the Athenians for helping the
  rebels.

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Persian Empire
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The Fight

• The Persian army landed at Marathon, north of
  Athens, in 490 B.C.E.
• The Persians greatly outnumbered the Greeks.
• The Persians were amazed at the strong will of
  the small Athenian force. They had no horses or
  archers, only fierce foot soldiers.
• After a few days, the Persians decided to attack
  Athens by sea.
• While they were loading their ships, the
  Athenians attacked and defeated them.
• The Persians Retreated.

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Return of the Persians

• In 480 B.C. E. Xerxes sent a larger force to
  conquer Greece.
• He sent 200,000 soldiers and nearly 1,000 ships.
• By this time Athens had convinced Sparta to join
  them in battle. Twenty Greek city-states joined
  together to meet the Persian invaders.

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Thermopylae The Last Stand
A Small Spartan force of about 300 men commanded
by King Leonidas, guarded the mountain pass of
Thermopylae. They held out for three days. They
were betrayed when someone told the Persians how
to get in behind the army. They were defeated,
but won valuable time for the rest of the Greeks.
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Battle at Salamis

• The Persians marched south after their victory at
  Thermopylae and destroyed the city of Athens.

• The Athenians had already moved to Salamis, a
  small nearby island.

• More than 800 Persian ships attacked the Athenian
  navy near the island.

• The large Persian ships could not maneuver in the
  water. The smaller Greek ships destroyed them.

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Three of Five

1. On what three continents were the Persian Empire
   located?
2. What were satrapies?
3. Name two of the leaders of the Persian Empire.
4. Who came to the aid of the Ionian Greeks?
5. At the Battle of Salamis why did the Greeks win?