14.1 Introduction

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14.1 Introduction
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Schematic Perspective Representation of
Polyethylene Molecule
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14.2 Hydrocarbon Molecules
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14.2 Hydrocarbon Molecules Contd
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14.2 Hydrocarbon Molecules Contd
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14.2 Hydrocarbon Molecules Contd
In Table 14.1 the nomenclature is as follows
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Isomerism
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• Other common organic groups are presented in
  Table 14.2.
• In Table 14.2, R and R' represent organic
  radicals groups of atoms that remain as a
  single unit and maintain their identify during
  chemical reactions.
• Examples of singly bonded hydrocarbon radicals
  include the CH3 (methyl), C2H5 (ethyl), and C6H5
  (phenyl) groups.

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Table 14.3
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Effect of molecular weight on polymer
characteristics

• Melting or softening temperature is raised with
  increasing molecular weight.
• At room temperature polymers
• with short chains having molecular weights on the
  order of 100g/mol exist as liquids or gasses.
• with molecular weights of approximately 1000g/mol
  exist as waxy solids or soft resins.
• with molecular weights of 10,000 g/mol to several
  million g/mol exist as solid polymers. These
  polymers sometimes are called high polymers.

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