6 CO2 C2H12O6

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6 CO2 C2H12O6 6 H20 6O2
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How to Calculate the Temperature of a Radiantly
Heated Colored Ball ( Like our Earth ) And
other essential science exposing The Willful
Stupidity of the Global Statist War against the
Building Block of Life ( with the Scientific
Method as collateral damage )

Law of Sustainability If it's not economically
sustainable, it's not sustainable. John R Christy
( Bob Armstrong bob_at_cosy.com )
3
Utter Stagnation Symptom of NonScience
Any field of study that has the word science in
it probably isnt. Ken Iverson , from Arthur
Whitney , Memories of Ken
In the time a non-politicized branch of Applied
Physics has increased chip size from mega to
giga , there has been no quantitative progress
on the accuracy of our understanding of Mean
Planetary Temperature There is a disconnect of
in-paradigm career science from the most
fundamental classical computations

Abandoned Experimental Method Garbage in Gospel out . Willie Soon Computer Models If it were Science there would be 1 model instead of 30 ( now 73 ) Howard Hayden
4
Utter Stagnation
More seriously, let me put this in perspective
with the most boring graph I have ever plotted in
my life. Below is the likely range of climate
sensitivity as a function of time. As you can
see, with the exception of AR4 with its slightly
smaller range mentioned above, the likely range
of climate sensitivity did not change since the
Charney report in 1979. In other words, after
perhaps billions of dollars invested in climate
research over more than three decades, our
ability to answer the most important question in
climate has not improved a single bit!

sciencebits.com/AR5-FirstImpressions Nir
Shaviv 2013-10-02
5
email lt Howard (Cork) Hayden www.valeslake.com
www.energyadvocate.com PO Box 7609 Pueblo
West, CO 81007
6
The 0th Stupidity ( Trumping even the Physics )
We exist to battle this suicidal silliness only
because all the oxygen we animals require was
locked in CO2 until Photosynthesis emerged . (
Any free O2 , would have burned up , oxidized
, forming complex organic compounds ) Since then
Green Plant and Shell Forming Life has driven CO2
down to the few molecules per 10,000 of
air necessary for their survival . ( actually
less than argon ) It is self evident that the
epochs when the conversion of the atmosphere from
CO2 to O2 depositing the massive coal and
petroleum resources which have powered the
transformation of human welfare in the
last couple of centuries were very lush ages .

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6 CO2 C2H12O6 6 H20 6O2
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Sherwood Idso , http//www.co2science.org

Matt Ridley http//reason.com/reasontv/2013/03/1
3/matt-ridley 1982 2011 , ( 20.5 - 3 17 )
of world's vegetated area greener as seen from
space . Ranga Myneni , Boston U Both lab and
field CO2 200 ppm 33 increase produces 30
improvement in plant growth
9
Deserts 'greening' from rising CO2 In findings
based on satellite observations, CSIRO, in
collaboration with the Australian National
University (ANU), found that this CO2
fertilisation correlated with an 11 per cent
increase in foliage cover from 1982-2010 across
parts of the arid areas studied in Australia,
North America, the Middle East and Africa,
according to CSIRO research scientist, Dr Randall
Donohue.


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Data Overview
While CO2 has increased from about 3
molecules per 10k of air since before the steam
engine to about 4 today ( 33 ) our
best estimates of temperature have gone up from
about 288 kelvin to 288.8 ( 0.3) . Simple
linear extrapolation says adding again all
the CO2 since the industrial revolution if that's
the total cause of the increase would only
increase our temperature another 0.8 degrees .

---- Approximate CO2 level necessary for life
------
11
More Detail

http//www.c3headlines.com/2012/01/ global-warming
-us-severe-weather-latest-data-reveals-there-to-be
-no-link.html
12
Year-to-year variability in the weather dwarfs
any impact from a long-term shift in the
climate. Why farmers dont believe in
anthropogenic global warming http//judithcurry.co
m/2013/07/17/why-farmers-dont-believe-in-anthropog
enic-global-warming/
The thickness of the horizontal line in the graph represents the entire warming this hysteria is about .

http//wattsupwiththat.com/2013/07/03/hot-weather-
and-climate-change-a-mountain-from-a-molehill/ htt
p//wattsupwiththat.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/cl
ip_image0041.jpg
13
The Essential Physics

A white and a black stone sit in the desert sun
. Which gets hotter ? Question which has stuck
with me from a boy's science book read as a grade
school nerd during the Eisenhower administration
14
Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of
applied physics . The method of physics is to
quantitatively understand geometrical
arrangements so simple that they can be
experimentally verified . We will consider the
constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by
the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet
and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how
to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a
radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

15
Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of
applied physics . The method of physics is to
quantitatively understand geometrical
arrangements so simple that they can be
experimentally verified . We will consider the
constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by
the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet
and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how
to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a
radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

16
Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of
applied physics . The method of physics is to
quantitatively understand geometrical
arrangements so simple that they can be
experimentally verified . We will consider the
constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by
the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet
and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how
to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a
radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

17
Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of
applied physics . The method of physics is to
quantitatively understand geometrical
arrangements so simple that they can be
experimentally verified . We will consider the
constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by
the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet
and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how
to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a
radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

18
Real Science
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... ever since Kepler proved that the orbits of
the planets are ellipses, relations expressible
in quantitative form have carried greater weight
than those which could be stated only
qualitatively." "Numerous important discoveries
have been made 'by investigating the next
decimal place'. F.K. Richtmyer , preface to
1st ed , 1928 , Introduction to Modern Physics ,
1942 .

As shown above , the entire change in temperature
we are seeking to explain is on the order of the
third decimal place , 10ths of a percent . We
will see that 97 ,all but 10 degrees , of our
observed 288k temperature is explained simply
by calculating the energy we receive from the Sun
. So how do we reduce the remaining unexplained
3 ?
Contrast with Michael Mann of Hockey Stick and
ClimateGate fame Proof is for mathematical
theorems and alcoholic beverages. Its not for
science.
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Experiment

21
Vocabulary
Absolute Temperature , Degrees Kelvin Same as
Centigrade ( Celsius ) freezing temperature of
water , 273.15 degrees With a true 0 , you can
talk about ratios , not just differences .

22
Vocabulary
Absolute Temperature , Degrees Kelvin Same as
Centigrade ( Celsius ) freezing temperature of
water , 273.15 degrees With a true 0 , you can
talk about ratios , not just differences . ???
Energy Density Watts Square Meter
LightSecond Equivalent to Energy Flux ( Power )
Watts Square Meter Note that Energy , ie ,
Power M2 can be summed over areas .
Temperature has to be converted to equivalent
energy to sum . ( Watt Joule ( energy) sec
1 horsepower 746 watts )

23
Vocabulary
Absolute Temperature , Degrees Kelvin Same as
Centigrade ( Celsius ) freezing temperature of
water , 273.15 degrees With a true 0 , you can
talk about ratios , not just differences . ???
Energy Density Watts Square Meter
LightSecond Equivalent to Energy Flux ( Power )
Watts Square Meter Note that Energy , ie ,
Power M2 can be summed over areas .
Temperature has to be converted to equivalent
energy to sum . ( Watt Joule ( energy) sec
1 horsepower 746 watts ) ??? Color Full
ElectroMagnetic Spectrum Can be specified in
terms of frequency , wavelength or wavenumber We
will use wavelength ( micro ) Meters cycle

24
Three modes of heat transfer

• Radiation ( all we will be concerned with )
• Conduction ( fairly simple , Fourier , pimples
  flatten )
• Convection ( extremely complex , mass transport )

Our Earth is a varicolored ball in a vacuum
radiantly heated by a ball about 5800k so far
away that it covers only about 5.41millionths of
the celestial sphere around us . We will only go
thru the calculation of the mean temperature of a
radiantly heated opaque uniformly colored ball .
25
Reality Rules
We need just 3 laws geometry The geometry is
just that needed to compute the portion of the
total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about
5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x )
at perihelion See http//climatewiki.org/wiki/Cat
egoryEssential_Physics for the computations

26
Reality Rules
We need just 3 laws geometry The geometry is
just that needed to compute the portion of the
total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about
5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x )
at perihelion ???
Stefan , Boltzmann Radiant Energy Flux is
proportional to the 4th power of temperature
Psb T sb T 4

27
Stefan-Boltzmann T 4 law combines with the
inverse square law d 2 , so that temperature
decreases by the square root of the distance from
the source .

Planetary temperature is linear with the
temperature of the Sun . A gray ball in Earth's
orbit will be about 1 21 that of the Sun .
28
Reality Rules
We need just 3 laws geometry The geometry is
just that needed to compute the portion of the
total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about
5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x )
at perihelion ???
Stefan , Boltzmann Radiant Energy Flux is
proportional to the 4th power of temperature
Psb T sb T 4 ??? Kirchhoff , Stewart
The tendency to absorb a given wavelength is
identical to the tendency to emit . (
absorptivity emissivity for any wavelength )

29
Absorption The conversion of radiant to thermal
energy is identically equal to Emission
The conversion of thermal to radiant energy
By 1860 both Kirchhoff and Stewart independently
had formalized the fact that a good absorber
is a good emitter ( at any particular wavelength )
1833 Ritchie Apparatus

Why should good conductors be, in general, bad
radiators, and bad conductors good radiators ?
Tyndall 1861
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With this more than 150 year old observation , we
can answer the question which has stuck with me
since childhood .
We define gray as constant absorptionemission acr
oss the whole spectrum not just the visible .
A gray ball however light or dark comes to the
same equilibrium temperature .

The black and white stones in the desert sun come
to the same temperature !
31
Reality Rules
We need just 3 laws geometry The geometry is
just that needed to compute the portion of the
total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about
5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x )
at perihelion
??? Stefan , Boltzmann Radiant Energy Flux is
proportional to the 4th power of temperature
P T sb T 4 ??? Kirchhoff , Stewart
The tendency to absorb a given wavelength is
identical to the tendency to emit . (
absorptivity emissivity for any wavelength
) ??? Planck The power spectrum of a black body
( absorptivity emissivity 1 for all
wavelengths by definition ) as a function of
temperature .

32
Planck Thermal Radiation Function
WL T ( k0 WL 5 ) ( _exp k1 WL T
) - 1 k0 2 h c 2 k1 h c
boltz

33
Spectra of Sun and Black Ball in our orbit
/' ( Sun Earth ) /gt/ 341.9 339.4 Adding
across each of the power spectra show our
constructed curves have an error of a percent or
so .

The areas under these 2 curves are equal . They
are in radiative balance . The total areas are
given by the Stefan-Boltzmann Law .
The red curve is created by searching for the
temperature which makes the area under the 2
curves equal . Works out to about 279 kelvin .
34
Power absorbed ( not reflected ) by 10m water
10m deep Water absorption spectrum
Sun power spectrum
0.0003104846 2.477788 20.70641 39.20657 44.83952 4
1.70015 35.36329 28.76762 23.00255 18.30352 14.587
24 11.68279 9.418593 7.649293 6.259724 5.161352 4.
286976 3.585799 3.019384 2.558546
...
0.0003104057 2.477159 20.69899 32.52415 27.74922 3
8.00418 35.35325 28.76032 22.99671 18.29887 14.583
53 11.67982 9.416202 7.647351 6.258135 5.160041 4.
285888 3.584888 3.018618 2.557896 ...
... ...



/
314.5
341.9
Water strongly absorbs/emits all wavelengths
except the reflected blue . Thus about 315 342
/gt/ 0.92 of the sun's energy is absorbed ( 8
reflected ) while essentially being close to
black in the long wave lengths . Applying
StefanBoltzmann 4th power relationship , 0.92
4 /gt/ 0.98 , a water sphere in our orbit will
come to a temperature of about 0.98 279 /gt/
273.4 , interestingly close to its melting
temperature . ( 0 Celsius 273.15 kelvin )
35
Alarmist , Flat , and Observed Hypothetical
absorbemit Spectra

The observed average reflectivity of the Earth as
seen from outside is 0.3 , therefore its
absorptivity/emissivity ( ae ) is about 0.7 wrt
the Sun . They are multiplied by 10 for display .
The values of ae over the earth's temperature
range and the computed temperature for three
hypotheses are given below .
aeSun aeEarth ratio 4th root temperature
flat 0.7 0.7 1 1 278.7
Alarmist 0.7 1 0.7 0.915 254.9
Observed 0.7 0.61 1.15 1.04 288.4
36
DATA
Absorption Spectra multiply like stacking filters
. If half gets thru the first and half of that
gets thru the second , one quarter gets thru
both .
wikipedia_Atmospheric_Transmission.jpg

37
Beer-Lambert Law Logarithmic effect of
increasing concentration ( Think of adding ink to
a glass of water )

http//wattsupwiththat.com/2010/03/08/the-logarith
mic-effect-of-carbon-dioxide/
While there is only one CO2 molecule in each 2500
molecules of air That's enough for the most
absorptive frequencies to be virtually opaque In
a couple of hundred meters or so .
38
Venus

39
James Hansen classic claim that Venus is an
example of Of a Runaway Greenhouse Effect

CoSy.com/Science/JamesHansenRunawayVenusGreenhouse
Effect.avi
40

Planetary temperature is linear with the
temperature of the Sun . A gray ball in Earth's
orbit will be about 1 21 that of the Sun .
41
Divergence Theorem
Intuitively, states that the sum of all
sources minus the sum of all sinks gives the net
flow out of a region.

Thus unless there are internal sources of heat ,
energy flows summed over any interior sphere must
equal that given by the radiative balance with
the outside .
42
What do we get when we apply these classic
computations to Venus ?
Venus is by far the most reflective of inner
planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with
respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9
compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its
absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface
temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray
ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will
have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k .
Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the
temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus
the energy density at its surface is about 2.25
4 /gt/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit
. For this to be due totally to the energy it
absorbs from the sun it must be 1 25 as
absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in
the visible . That is , about 0.1 25.6 /gt/
0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96
of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo

Venus must have internal sources of heat . It
cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse .
43
What do we get when we apply these classic
computations to Venus ?
Venus is by far the most reflective of inner
planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with
respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9
compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its
absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface
temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray
ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will
have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k .
Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the
temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus
the energy density at its surface is about 2.25
4 /gt/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit
. For this to be due totally to the energy it
absorbs from the sun it must be 1 25 as
absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in
the visible . That is , about 0.1 25.6 /gt/
0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96
of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo

Venus must have internal sources of heat . It
cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse .
44
What do we get when we apply these classic
computations to Venus ?
Venus is by far the most reflective of inner
planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with
respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9
compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its
absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface
temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray
ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will
have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k .
Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the
temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus
the energy density at its surface is about 2.25
4 /gt/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit
. For this to be due totally to the energy it
absorbs from the sun it must be 1 25 as
absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in
the visible . That is , about 0.1 25.6 /gt/
0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96
of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo

Venus must have internal sources of heat . It
cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse .
45
What do we get when we apply these classic
computations to Venus ?
Venus is by far the most reflective of inner
planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with
respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9
compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its
absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface
temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray
ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will
have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k .
Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the
temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus
the energy density at its surface is about 2.25
4 /gt/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit
. For this to be due totally to the energy it
absorbs from the sun it must be 1 25 as
absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in
the visible . That is , about 0.1 25.6 /gt/
0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96
of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo

Venus must have internal sources of heat . It
cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse
46
Nothing New Here
We must be ready to employ trickery, deceit,
law-breaking, withholding and concealing truth.
We can and must write in a language which sows
among the masses hate, revulsion, scorn, and the
like, towards those who disagree with us.
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin quoted in Max Eastman
Reflections on the Failure of Socialism , 1955

47
Lagniappe

48
Main Greenhouse Effect is reducing temperature
variance

49

6 CO2 C2H12O6 6 H20 6O2
50
The inner ( aka dot ) product Like multiplying 2
columns of a spreadsheet And adding up the result
. inner / x y

In Ken Iverson's APL A .x B
51
What do we get when we apply these classic
computations to Venus ?
Venus is by far the most reflective of inner
planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with
respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9
compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its
absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface
temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray
ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will
have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k .
Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the
temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus
the energy density at its surface is about 2.25
4 /gt/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit
. For this to be due totally to the energy it
absorbs from the sun it must be 1 25 as
absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in
the visible . That is , about 0.1 25.6 /gt/
0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the
99.96 of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo

Venus must have internal sources of heat . It
cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse .
52

53
Reality Rules
We need just 3 laws geometry The geometry is
just that needed to compute the portion of the
total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about
5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x )
at perihelion
??? Stefan , Boltzmann Radiant Energy Flux is
proportional to the 4th power of temperature
P T sb T 4 ??? Kirchhoff , Stewart
The tendency to absorb a given wavelength is
identical to the tendency to emit . (
absorptivity emissivity for any wavelength
) ??? Planck The power spectrum of a black body
( absorptivity emissivity 1 for all
wavelengths ) as a function of temperature .

54
Vocabulary
Absolute Temperature , Degrees Kelvin Same as
Centigrade ( Celsius ) freezing temperature of
water , 273.15 degrees With a true 0 , you can
talk about ratios , not just differences . ???
Energy Density Watts Square Meter
LightSecond Equivalent to Energy Flux ( Power )
Watts Square Meter Note that Energy , ie ,
Power M2 can be summed over areas .
Temperature has to be converted to equivalent
energy to sum . ( Watt Joule ( energy) sec
1 horsepower 746 watts ) ??? Color Full
ElectroMagnetic Spectrum Can be specified in
terms of frequency , wavelength or wavenumber We
will use wavelength ( micro ) Meters cycle

55
aeSun aeEarth ratio 4th root temperature
flat 0.7 0.7 1 1 278.7
Alarmist 0.7 1 0.7 0.915 254.9
Observed 0.7 0.61 1.15 1.04 288.4
aeSun aeEarth ratio 4th root temperature
flat 0.7 0.7 1 1 278.7
Alarmist 0,7 1 0.7 0.915 254.9
Observed 0.7 0.61 1.15 1.04 288.4





56
Vocabulary

57
The Boltzmann constant (k or kB), named after
Ludwig Boltzmann, is a physical constant relating
energy at the individual particle level with
temperature. It is the gas constant R divided by
the Avogadro constant NA kB R KB
\fracRN_\rm A.\, It has the same dimension
(energy divided by temperature) as entropy.

58
Color AbsorptionEmission Spectra
http//omlc.ogi.edu/spectra/water/abs/ http//omlc
.ogi.edu/spectra/water/data/warren95.dat