Politics Government

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PoliticsGovernment
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Polity

• If men were angels, there would be no need for
  government. James Madison
• The constitution was written by 1949
• The constitution was adopted in 1950
• India is a federal republic, a representative
  democracy
• Parliament is based on a bicameral system

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Judicial system
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House of Parliament Presidential Residence

• New Delhi
• Sansad Bhavan
• Rashtrapati Bhavan

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Hierarchy of governments
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Political Parties
Party Abbreviation General Secretary / President
Bharatiya Janata Party BJP Rajnath Singh
Indian National Congress INC Sonia Gandhi
Nationalist Congress Party NCP Sharad Pawar
Communist Party of India CPI Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy
Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI(M) Prakash Karat
Bahujan Samaj Party BSP Mayawati
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Leaders

• UPA chairperson
• INC president
• Sonia Gandhi
• and Prime Minister
• Manmohan Singh
• President
• Pranab Mukherjee

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Rights

• Equality before the law.
• Freedom of speech.
• Freedom of association and peaceful assembly.
• Freedom of religion.
• Freedom of movement within the country.
• The right to live in India where a citizen
  chooses and select the occupation he or she
  desires.
• Protection from discrimination on the basis of
  religion, caste, sex, race, or place of birth.
• The right not to be a witness against
  himself/herself.
• The abolishment of untouchability.
• The prohibition of forced labor or trafficking of
  people.

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Responsibilities

• To abide by the constitution and respect its
  ideals and institutions, the national flag, and
  the national anthem.
• To cherish and follow the noble ideals that
  inspired our national struggle for freedom.
• To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and
  integrity of India.
• To defend the country and render national service
  when called upon to do so.
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common
  brotherhood amongst all the people of India
  transcending religious, linguistic, and regional
  or sectional diversities to renounce practices
  derogatory to the dignity of women.
• To value and preserve the rich heritage of our
  composite culture.
• To protect and improve the natural environment
  including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife,
  and to have compassion for living creatures.
• To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and
  the spirit of inquiry and reform.
• To safeguard public property and to abjure
  (renounce) violence.
• To strive toward excellence in all spheres of
  individual and collective activity so that the
  nation constantly rises to higher levels of
  endeavor and achievement.

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International Affairs

• Decolonization movement
• Non-alignment movement based on 5 principles
• 1. Mutual respect for each other's territorial
  integrity and sovereignty
• 2. Mutual non-aggression
• 3. Mutual non-interference in domestic affairs
• 4. Equality and mutual benefit
• 5. Peaceful co-existence

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Territorial disputes
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Territorial disputes

• Pakistan
• The unresolved Kashmir dispute and the status of
  Kashmir with Pakistan, India claims the disputed
  territories in Pakistan known as Azad
  Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan, while Pakistan
  disputes India's administration of Jammu and
  Kashmir.
• Dispute over Sir Creek and the maritime
  boundary regarding the Rann of Kachchh area of
  India.
• Water-sharing problems with Pakistan over the
  Indus River (Wular Barrage).
• Bangladesh
• 6.5 km of the border between India and Bangladesh
  remains to be demarcated.
• Ongoing discussions with Bangladesh to
  exchange 162 minuscule enclaves between the two.
• People's Republic of China
• India claims Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram
  Tract, as part of Jammu and Kashmir.
• China claims most of Arunachal Pradesh, a
  contested disputed territory of north-east
  India by not recognising the McMahon Line.
• Nepal
• Kalapani village of India is claimed by Nepal and
  Nawalparasi district of Nepal is claimed by
  India.
• Maldives
• Some in the Maldives claim that Minicoy Island is
  Maldivian.

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Peace