Notes:

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Notes Chapter 10 Section 1 and 2
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I.) Origins of American Imperialism

• Imperialismpolicy in which stronger nations
  extend their economic,
• political, or
  military control over weaker countries
• Three factors fueled American imperialism
• 1. desire for military strength
• 2. thirst for new markets
• 3. belief in cultural superiority

Continued . . .
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C. Desire for Military Strength 1. Admiral
Alfred T. Mahan urges U.S. to build up navy to
compete 2. U.S. builds modern battleships,
becomes third largest naval power
D. Thirst for New Markets 1. Advances in
technology allow farms factories produce more
than Americans can consume 2. America
needs raw materials new markets to export
goods 3. Foreign trade seen as solution to
Americas problems of overproduction,
unemployment, depression
E. Belief in Cultural Superiority 1. Some
combine Social Darwinism with belief in
superiority of Anglo-Saxons 2. Argue
America has duty to Christianize civilize
inferior peoples
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II.) The United States Acquires Alaska
A. Early Expansion 1. William Seward
supporter of expansion and Secretary of
State under Lincoln and Johnson in 1867
arranges purchase of Alaska from Russia
for 7.2 million a. becomes 49th state in
1959 2. purchase is nicknamed Sewards Folly
but later proven to contain rich natural
resources (timber, minerals, oil)
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III.) The United States Takes Hawaii
A. The Cry for Annexation 1. 1790s, U.S.
merchants stop in Hawaii on way to China
India 2. 1820s, Yankee missionaries found
schools churches on islands 3. Mid-1800s,
American-owned sugar plantations 75 of islands
wealth 4. 1887, U.S. pressures Hawaii to
allow naval base at Pearl Harbor 5. 1890
McKinley Tariff eliminates duty-free status of
Hawaiian sugar Outcome Planters call
for U.S. to annex islands (will not have to pay
duty)
Continued . . .
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B. The End of a Monarchy 1. Hawaian King
Kalakaua amends constitution to limit
vote to landowners 2. Queen Liliuokalani
becomes queen in 1891 and tries to
remove landowning requirement (for the
people) 3. Marines, business groups overthrow
queen and set up government headed by
Sanford B. Dole 4. President Cleveland refuses
annexation unless majority of Hawaians
favor it Outcome recognizes Republic of
Hawaii 5. President McKinley favors annexation
and in 1898 Congress proclaims Hawaii
U.S. territory a. becomes 50th state in 1959
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