Detailed Reading

1
Detailed Reading

• Unit1

2
Difficult Sentences

• As he looks, he sees a strange expression come
  over the face of the hostess. She is staring
  straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly.
  (para5, line17)

This is an absolute construction(??????) used
as an adverbial of behavior or way. Instead of
v-ing form we can also use v-ed form,
adjective, adverbial, prepositional phrase,
or even infinitive in this structure.
More examples
He groaned and fell to the floor, blood streaming
from his nose.
He rushed into the room, his face covered with
sweat.
3

• Of the guests, none except the American
  notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk
  on the veranda just outside the open
  doors.(para6, line20)

Here we cant use and to replace the word or
in this sentence.
Because according to the grammar you must use
or instead of and after a negative word such
as none and not. More examples
I do not like coffee or tea.
The situation is just not fair on the children or
their parents.
4
Language Points
5
Article_W_ heated
A heated discussion about whether men are braver
than women is settled in a rather unexpected way.
heated adj. angry excited
At a heated moment in the discussion, I lost my
self-control.
Ed and I used to stay up all night, drinking wine
and having heated arguments about politics.
NB
heated??????heat????, ?????
In the heat of the argument, I became so excited
that I shouted very loudly.
??????,?????????????????
6
Article1-2_W_ track down
The Dinner Party

Mona Gardner
I first heard this tale in India, where it is
told as if true though any naturalist would
know it couldnt be. Later someone told me that
the story appeared in a magazine shortly before
the First World War. That magazine story, and the
person who wrote it, I have never been able to
track down.(para1)
The country is India. A colonial official
and his wife are giving a large dinner party.
They are seated with their guests officers and
their wives, and a visiting American naturalist
in their spacious dining room, which has a bare
marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors
opening onto a veranda.
track down find (sb./sth.) by hunting or
searching
It was almost two weeks before they tracked down
the facts they needed.
??????????????
The police need your help to track down the
murderer.
7
Article1-2_W_ bare1
The country is India. A colonial official
and his wife are giving a large dinner party.
They are seated with their guests officers and
their wives, and a visiting American naturalist
in their spacious dining room, which has a bare
marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors
opening onto a veranda.(para2)
bare 1. adj. 1) not covered with no plants
growing on it
?????????, ???????????????
If my memory serves me, there was a bare hill
near your hometown.
The country is India. A colonial official
and his wife are giving a large dinner party.
They are seated with their guests officers and
their wives, and a visiting American naturalist
in their spacious dining room, which has a bare
marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors
opening onto a veranda.
2) no more than mere
The candidate won the election by a bare majority.
2. v.reveal
The lady screamed as the snake bared its teeth.
8
Article1-2_W_ bare2
CF
bare, bald, naked nude ??????????????
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
bare ??????????????,????????????
The Dinner Party

Mona Gardner
He exposed a bare back to the sun.
I first heard this tale in India, where it is
told as if true though any naturalist would
know it couldnt be. Later someone told me that
the story appeared in a magazine shortly before
the First World War. That magazine story, and the
person who wrote it, I have never been able to
track down.
??????????????
bald ?????,?????,????????
He was already bald at the age of 25.
The country is India. A colonial official
and his wife are giving a large dinner party.
They are seated with their guests officers and
their wives, and a visiting American naturalist
in their spacious dining room, which has a bare
marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors
opening onto a veranda.
?25??????
naked ???????,???????
They found the body lying half naked in the grass.
???????????????
The children ran naked through the yard.
????????????
nude???????,???????????
The boys went swimming in the nude.
???????????
9
Article3-5_W_ spring up
A spirited discussion springs up between a young
girl who says that women have outgrown the
jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era
and a major who says that they havent. (para3)
spring up begin suddenly, increase or grow
quickly and as if from nowhere
????????????????????
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
Many buildings have sprung up in what was a
desert.
A strange idea sprang up in her mind.
10
Article3-5_W_ outgrow
A spirited discussion springs up between a young
girl who says that women have outgrown the
jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era
and a major who says that they havent. (para3)
outgrow vt. 1) grow more than
??????????
He has outgrown his elder brother.
2) grow too large for
The boy has outgrown this suit.
3) lose or discard in the course of maturation
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
??????????????????
She outgrew her youthful idealism.
He has outgrown these toys.
11
Article3-5_W_ jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-
a-mouse
A spirited discussion springs up between a young
girl who says that women have outgrown the
jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era
and a major who says that they havent. (para3)
jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse
NB
????????? (the era) when they would jump on a
chair at the sight of a mouse??????????????????
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
a not-so-easy-to-operate machine
stick-in-the-mud people
12
Article3-5_W_ crisis1
A womans reaction in any crisis, the major
says, is to scream. And while a man may feel
like it, he has that ounce more of control than a
woman has. And that last ounce is what really
counts. (para4)
crisis n. time of difficulty, danger, etc.
Many American people lost their jobs in the
economic crisis of 1929.
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
crisis emergency ????????????
CF
crisis ????,??????????????
?????????????????? ???????? emergency
???????????????? ????
13
Article3-5_W_ crisis3
A spirited discussion springs up between a young
girl who says that women have outgrown the
jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era
and a major who says that they havent. A
womans reaction in any crisis, the major says,
is to scream. And while a man may feel like it,
he has that ounce more of control than a woman
has. And that last ounce is what really counts.
Collocation
?????
at a crisis
?????
bring to a crisis
????
come to a crisis
????
face a crisis
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
????, ?????
pass a crisis
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Article3-5_W_ feel like
A womans reaction in any crisis, the major
says, is to scream. And while a man may feel
like it, he has that ounce more of control than a
woman has. And that last ounce is what really
counts.
A womans reaction in any crisis, the major
says, is to scream. And while a man may feel
like it, he has that ounce more of control than a
woman has. And that last ounce is what really
counts. (para4)
feel like have a liking for, wish for want
(sth. to do sth.)
???????!???????
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
What lovely weather! I do feel like a swim.
Mary doesnt feel like playing tennis today
because she feels tired.
15
Article3-5_W_ count
A womans reaction in any crisis, the major
says, is to scream. And while a man may feel
like it, he has that ounce more of control than a
woman has. And that last ounce is what really
counts. (para4)
count vi. be of value or importance
??????????,???????????????
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
It is not how much you read but what you read
that really counts.
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Article3-5_W_ argument1
The American does not join in the argument but
watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a
strange expression come over the face of the
hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. (para5)
argument n. 1) discussion by persons who
disagree dispute
A spirited discussion springs up between a young
girl who says that women have outgrown the
jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era
and a major who says that they havent. A
womans reaction in any crisis, the major says,
is to scream. And while a man may feel like it,
he has that ounce more of control than a woman
has. And that last ounce is what really counts.
The two teams were having an argument over the
score.
2) reason given to support or disapprove sth.
There are many arguments against smoking.
??,???????????
His argument, however, does not hold water.
17
Article3-5_W_ argument3
A spirited discussion springs up between a young
girl who says that women have outgrown the
jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era
and a major who says that they havent. A
womans reaction in any crisis, the major says,
is to scream. And while a man may feel like it,
he has that ounce more of control than a woman
has. And that last ounce is what really counts.
argument, conflict, debate dispute ????????????
???
CF
argument ????????????????????? conflict
????????????,???????,?????????,?????????,???????
debate ???????????????????????? dispute
????,?????,????,????????
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
18
Article3-5_W_ contract
The American does not join in the argument but
watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a
strange expression come over the face of the
hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. (para5)
contract vi. 1) make or become tighter or
narrower
Her stomach contracted at the sight of a cobra.
2) make or become smaller or shorter
???????
Metal contracts as it cools.
3) settle or arrange by formal arrangement
The American does not join in the argument
but watches the other guests. As he looks, he
sees a strange expression come over the face of
the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her
muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the
native boy standing behind her chair and whispers
something to him. The boys eyes widen he
quickly leaves the room.
?????????????????100???????
Our shop contracted with a local clothing firm
for 100 coats a week.
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Article6-9_W_ impulse
His first impulse is to jump back and warn the
others, but he knows the commotion would frighten
the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the
tone of his voice so commanding that it silences
everyone. (para8)
impulse n. sudden wish to do sth.
Dont act on impulse. You will regret it later.
She bought the dress on impulse.
Collocation
?????
a man of impulse
I want to know just what control everyone
at this table has. I will count three hundred
thats five minutes and not one of you is to
move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50
rupees. Ready!
????,?????
act on impulse
???????
feel an impulse to do sth.
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Article6-9_W_ warn1
His first impulse is to jump back and warn the
others, but he knows the commotion would frighten
the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the
tone of his voice so commanding that it silences
everyone. (para8)
warn vt. give notice of possible danger to
inform in advance of what may happen
Pattern
warn sb. of sth. warn sb. not to do sth. warn
sb. that-clause
We had warned him of the danger but he turned a
deaf ear to our warning.
The boys were warned not to play with the matches.
??????,??????????
She warned us that the winter would be severe.
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Article6-9_W_ warn2
caution, warn, advise ?????????????????
CF
Of the guests, none except the American notices
this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the
veranda just outside the open doors. The American
comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl
means only one thing bait for a snake. He
realizes there must be a cobra in the room. He
looks up at the rafters the likeliest place
but they are bare. Three corners of the room are
empty, and in the fourth the servants are waiting
to serve the next course. There is only one place
left under the table. His first impulse is to
jump back and warn the others, but he knows the
commotion would frighten the cobra into striking.
He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so
commanding that it silences everyone.
caution ????????????????,??????????? warn
???caution??,?????,????????? advise
????,????,??????????????
I received a caution from the doctor about fat in
my diet.
???????????????
His doctor advised him against smoking.
????????????
I want to know just what control everyone
at this table has. I will count three hundred
thats five minutes and not one of you is to
move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50
rupees. Ready!
I want to know just what control everyone
at this table has. I will count three hundred
thats five minutes and not one of you is to
move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50
rupees. Ready!
My job involves counseling unemployed people on
how to find work.
??????????????????????
22
Article6-9_W_ frighten sb
His first impulse is to jump back and warn the
others, but he knows the commotion would frighten
the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the
tone of his voice so commanding that it silences
everyone. (para8)
frighten sb. into doing sth. cause sb. to do
sth. by frightening him
frighten sb. into (doing) sth. frighten sb.
out of doing sth. frighten sb. adv.
Pattern
A cobra emerged from behind the rock. This
frightened the girl into screaming.
I want to know just what control everyone
at this table has. I will count three hundred
thats five minutes and not one of you is to
move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50
rupees. Ready!
Collocation
??, ?????
be frightened of
??, ??
frighten away / off
?????????? / ????
frighten sb. into / out of doing sth.
I want to know just what control everyone
at this table has. I will count three hundred
thats five minutes and not one of you is to
move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50
rupees. Ready!
frighten to death
???
23
Article6-9_W_ tone
His first impulse is to jump back and warn the
others, but he knows the commotion would frighten
the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the
tone of his voice so commanding that it silences
everyone. (para8)
tone n.
1) quality in one's voice, style
???????????
Don't speak to me in that tone.
2) the effect of light and shade
I want to know just what control everyone
at this table has. I will count three hundred
thats five minutes and not one of you is to
move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50
rupees. Ready!
The colors of the birds in the picture matched
the tones of the sky.
3) sound with regard to highness, lowness, or
strength
??????????
Tom's guitar has a nice tone.
24
Article10-13_W_ emerge1
The 20 people sit like stone images while he
counts. He is saying ... two hundred and
eighty when, out of the corner of his eye, he
sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of
milk. (para10)
emerge vi. come or appear (from somewhere)
The 20 people sit like stone images while he
counts. He is saying ... two hundred and
eighty when, out of the corner of his eye, he
sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of
milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the
veranda doors safely shut. You were right,
Major! the host exclaims. A man has just shown
us an example of perfect self-control. Just a
minute, the American says, turning to his
hostess. Mrs. Wynnes, how did you know that
cobra was in the room? A faint smile lights up
the womans face as she replies Because it was
crawling across my foot.
He emerged from behind the tree.
???????????
The sun emerged from behind the clouds.
emerge, appear loom????????????
CF
emerge ?????????? appear ??????,???? loom
?????,????????????
25
Article10-13_W_ make for
The 20 people sit like stone images while he
counts. He is saying ... two hundred and
eighty when, out of the corner of his eye, he
sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of
milk. (para10)
make for
1) move (esp. quickly) towards
When the class was over, everyone made for the
dining room.
2) cause lead to result in help favor sth.
Poor service does not make for satisfied
customers.
26
Article10-13_W_ ring out
The 20 people sit like stone images while he
counts. He is saying ... two hundred and
eighty when, out of the corner of his eye, he
sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of
milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the
veranda doors safely shut. (para10)
ring out (of a voice, bell, etc.) sound loudly
and clearly
Cheers rang out from the crowd waiting in front
of the building.
??????,?????????
A shot rang out, and then there was silence.
27
Article10-13_W_ slam
The 20 people sit like stone images while he
counts. He is saying ... two hundred and
eighty when, out of the corner of his eye, he
sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of
milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the
veranda doors safely shut. (para10)
slam v. shut noisily and with great force
He slammed the door so hard that the glass
crashed.
The door suddenly slammed.
?????????
Tom slammed the window.
28
Article10-13_W_ faint
A faint smile lights up the womans face as she
replies Because it was crawling across my
foot. (para13)
faint adj. weak or slight indistinct
?????????
He felt faint for lack of food.
There is a faint hope that she may be cured.
29
Article10-13_W_ light up
A faint smile lights up the womans face as she
replies Because it was crawling across my
foot. (para13)
light up
1) cause to be bright with light or colour give
light to
The sun rose and began to light up the sky.
2) (cause to) become bright with pleasure or
excitement
Her face lighted / lit up when she heard the good
news.
30
After Reading
31
After Reading_7.1
Writing Practice
Combining Sentences with Coordinating
Conjunctions and Conjunctive Adverbs
A brief introduction
1. Coordinating conjunction

1. Coordinating conjunctions are the words which
   connect words, phrases, and clauses. There are
   mainly seven coordinating conjunctions. An easy
   way to remember them is to think of the word
   FANBOYS. See the following table.

F A N B O
Y S
for and nor but or
yet so
32
After Reading_7.2
2) The following are the examples to show how to
connect words, phrases, and clauses with
coordinating conjunctions. Remember, when using a
conjunction to join two sentences, use a
comma before the conjunction.








COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
SAMPLE SENTENCES
I cannot tell whether she is old or young, for I
have never seen her.
for
and
We have tickets for the symphony and the opera.
nor
Sam was not at the meeting, nor was he at work
yesterday.
but
It's an old car, but it's very reliable.
or
Shall we go out to the cinema or stay at home?
The sun was shining, yet it was quite cold.
yet
so
I wanted to sit in the front of the balcony, so I
ordered my tickets early.
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After Reading_7_3
2. Conjunctive adverb

1. Conjunctive adverbs are the words which connect
   two clauses. Conjunctive adverbs show cause and
   effect, sequence, contrast, comparison, or other
   relationships. They usually appear between
   independent clauses or sentences, but may join a
   dependent clause to a main (independent) clause.
   The common conjunctive adverbs are as follows

accordingly, again, also, besides, consequently,
finally, furthermore, however, incidentally,
moreover, namely, nevertheless, otherwise, then,
therefore, thus
34
After Reading_7_4
2) The following are the examples to show how to
use conjunctive adverbs. Notice the
conjunctive adverb separates two independent
clauses (sentences). Punctuate conjunctive
adverbs using a semicolon () at the end of the
first clause, followed by a comma (,) after
the conjunctive adverb.




CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
SAMPLE SENTENCES
Most computer users have never received any
formal keyboard training. Consequently, their
keyboard skills are inefficient.
consequently
The majority of Americans increased their wealth
in the past decade. Furthermore, the gains were
substantial.
furthermore
accordingly
There aren't many jobs available. Accordingly,
companies receive hundreds of resumés for every
opening.
35
After Reading_7_5



Using language is a very complex enterprise.
Moreover, there is more to communication than
merely putting sentences together.
moreover
What you said was true. It was, nevertheless, a
little unkind.
nevertheless
The houses were used for soldiers. Thus, the
structures survived the Civil War.
thus