Pengantar Bioteknologi Pertanian

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Pengantar Bioteknologi Pertanian

• Dr. Donny Widianto
• Prof.Dr. S. Margino
• Dr. Andi Trisyono
• Dr. Taryono

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Rencana Perkuliahan
No. Topik Kuliah Tanggal Dosen
1. Pendahuluan Definisi Bioteknologi Sejarah Perkembangan Biotek Peranan Bioteknologi 03-09-2004 Dr.Ir. Donny Widianto
2. DNA sebagai bahan genetik Sejarah penemuan DNA Struktur DNA Replikasi, transkripsi, dan translasi 10-09-2004 Dr.Ir. Andi T., M.Sc.
3. Struktur gen dan ekspresinya Gen pada sel prokariot Gen pada sel eukariot 17-09-2004 Dr.Ir. Donny Widianto
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4. Dasar-dasar kloning gen Definisi kloning gen Enzym restriksi, vector, dan inang Isolasi, pemotongan, dan penyambungan DNA Transformasi dan seleksi 24-09-2004 Dr.Ir. Donny Widianto
5. Metode Perakitan Mikroba Rekombinan 01-10-2004 Prof.Dr.Ir. S. Margino
6. Perbanyakan Mikroba Rekombinan Fermentasi substrat cait Fermentasi substrat padat 08-1-2004 Prof.Dr.Ir. S. Margino
7. Ujian Sisipan 15-10-2004
8. Perbanyakan tanaman secara in-vitro Definisi Bahan perbanyakan Teknik perbanyakan Variasi somaklonal Fusi protoplas dan hibridisasi somatic 22-10-2004 Dr.Ir. Taryono, M.Sc.
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9. Metode perakitan tanaman transgenik 29-10-2004 Dr.Ir. Taryono, M.Sc.
10. Bioteknologi Perlindungan Tanaman 05-11-2004 Dr.Ir. Y. Andi T., M.Sc.
11. Bioteknologi Pemuliaan Tanaman 12-11-2004 Dr.Ir. Taryono, M.Sc.
12. Bioteknologi Lingkungan 26-11-2004 Prof.Dr.Ir. S. Margino
13. Keamanan, Pengaturan, dan HaKI organisme terekayasa secara genetik 03-12-2004 Dr.Ir. Andi T., M.Sc.
14. Ujian Akhir Jadual fakultas
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Pustaka Acuan

• Glick, B.R. and J.J. Pasternak. 1994. Molecular
  Biotechnology Principles and application of
  recombinant DNA. American Society for
  Microbiology, Washington, DC.
• Watson, J.D., M. Gilman, J. Witkowski, and M.
  Zoller. 1992. Recombinant DNA. Scientific
  American Books, New York, USA.
• Mantell, S.H., J.A. Matthews, and R.A. McKee.
  1985. Principles of Plant Biotechnology an
  introduction to genetic engineering in plants.
  Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
• Brown, C.M., I. Campbell, and F.G. Friest. 1987.
  Introduction to Biotechnology. Blackwell
  Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
• Smith, J.E. 1985. Biotechnology Principles. Van
  Nostrand Reinhold Co Ltd., Berkshire, UK.
• Drlica, K. 1984. Understanding DNA and Gene
  Cloning. John Wiley Sons Inc., New York, USA.

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The Latest Biotech News
Monsanto halts GM wheat (May 10, 2004)

• Responding to lack of market support, Monsanto
• halts their Roundup Ready wheat program
• Will wait until sentiment changes

EU Approves New Biotech Corn Product (May 19,
2004)

• Syngenta allowed to market products containing
• Bt-11 insect resistant corn
• First new biotech product approved in EU in five
  years
• But company decides not to market the product
• because of user concerns

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What is biotechnology?

• Any commercial use or alteration of organisms,
  cells and biological molecules to achieve
  specific, practical goals.
• Examples (in long use)
• Selective breeding
• Use of yeast to make wine
• Current techniques
• Genetic engineering modification of genetic
  material to achieve specific goals

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What is Biotechnology?
How about some definitions
General Definition
The application of technology to improve a
biological organism
Detailed Definition
The application of the technology to modify
the biological function of an organism by
adding genes from another organisms
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BIOTEKNOLOGI
Penggunaan mahluk hidup atau bagian-bagiannya
untuk menghasilkan barang atau jasa secara
industri
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Mikrobiologi
Biokimia
Biologi Molekular
Biologi Sel
Genetika Molekular
Rekayasa Proses
Bioteknologi
Diagnosa Kesehatan
Industri Kimia
Industri Fermentasi
Industri Farmasi
Lingkungan dan Energi
Industri Pangan dan Pakan
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Goals of Biotechnology

• To understand more about the processes of
  inheritance and gene expression
• To provide better understanding treatment of
  various diseases, particularly genetic disorders
• To generate economic benefits, including improved
  plants and animals for agriculture and efficient
  production of valuable biological molecules
• Example Vitamin A fortified engineered rice
  (Chapter-opening case study)

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Sejarah Perkembangan

• 1750 B.C. Sumerians Brew Beer
• 1944 DNA confirmed as genetic material
• 1967 First protein synthesized by automation
• 1973 First recombinant DNA experiment by Cohen
  and Boyer
• 1973 Voluntary moratorium on certain cloning
  experiments
• 1974 Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee founded
  at NIH
• 1976 NIH Guidelines established
• 1980 Boyer Cohen patent issued (shared equally
  between Boyer, UCSF, Cohen, and Stanford)
• 1982 1st animal vaccine made by DNA recombinant
  technology
• 1985 DNA Finger printing by Alec Jeffreys

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• 1987 First authorized field test of a
  GMO-Frostban, Adv. Genetic Sciences
• 1988 PCR developed by K. Mullis
• 1990 1st Gene Therapy Trials in U.S.
• 1994 Flavr Savr Tamato- Calgene
• 1995 1st DNA sequences of free-living organism
  completed
• 1996 Human Genome Project under way
• 1997Dolly-First cloned mammal
• 2000 Human Genome sequence is complete 3 billion
  bases, 2 yrs ahead of schedule
• 2001 Copy Cat, Cloning pets for profit.
• 2002 First Human Clone?
• 2003 Dolly is put down, Final version of Human
  DNA Sequence published.

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• Jaman sebelum Louis Pasteur
• Minuman beralkohol, makanan fermentasi
• Jaman Louis Pasteur
• Alkohol, asam organik, pengolahan limbah
• Jaman antibiotika
• Antibiotika, vaksin, transformasi obat
• Jaman pasca antibiotika
• Asam amino, protein sel tunggal, imobilisasi
• Jaman bioteknologi modern
• Antibodi monoklonal, rekayasa genetika

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