Sport Programs and Professions

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Chapter 6

• Sport Programs and Professions

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Evidence that Sport is a Central Theme for Our
Culture

• 98 of Americans participate in some aspect of
  sport
• 70 of Americans are sport fans
• Greater than 80 watch sports every week
• Participation in youth and adult sport has
  increased
• Womens sports are highly visible and
  economically stronger

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The Leisure Myth

• Assumption that more leisure time equates to more
  sport involvement
• Unfortunately this concept is not true
• Currently, people have less time for leisure
  compared to early 20th Century
• Most workers claim to work more hours compared to
  5 years prior

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Types of Sports Participation

• Recreational participant
• Amateur athlete
• Nonprofessional athlete
• Professional athlete

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Child and Youth Sport

• 46 million youths participate in organized sport
  (National Council on Youth Sports)
• Children participate at younger ages
• Youth participation can be categorized as school
  or non-school participation

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Child and Youth Sport, contd

• Duquin (1988) states seven guidelines to promote
  healthy emotional and physical youths
• Fun and enjoyable activity
• Safe for development activity skills
• Foster moral sensitivity
• Encourage taking pleasure in the body/movement
  skill
• Promote spirit of discovery, creativity
• Provoke commitment to lifelong involvement
• Inspire a sense of community

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Interscholastic Sport

• Regulated at the state level
• Most states determine a schools classification
  depending upon enrollment
• Funded by tax revenues via school budgets
• Standards for coaches vary from state to state
• Women coaches have declined over the years

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Intercollegiate Sport

• This has become more important economically
  besides providing entertainment value
• Two organizations dominate governance NCAA and
  NAIA
• Junior Colleges are organized by the NJCAA
• Many people work professionally within this
  concept

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College Intramural Programs

• Consists of recreational and club programs
• Provides for students, faculty, staff, and family
  participation
• Summer camps create lucrative businesses
• Fees are low due to funding through the college,
  student fee, etc.

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Professional Sport

• Main purpose make money
• 1 out of 42,000 make it into professional sports
• Average career is less than 10 years for a
  professional athlete
• Organized through various parent organizations,
  i.e., NBA, NFL, etc.
• No formal qualifications for entrance into
  professional sports

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Recreational Sports

• Usually organized and governed by a sponsoring
  agency
• Range of sports are very broad
• Sensitive to the needs and interests of those
  they serve
• Promotes social and competitive outlets

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Sport for People with Disabilities

• Before World War II, there were no opportunities
  for the disabled population
• United States Olympic Committee has established
  the Committee on Sports for the Disabled (COSD)
• Paralympic Games now are held following Olympic
  Games
• Any mentally retarded person above 8 years of age
  can participate in the Special Olympics
• Section 504 of the 1973 Act allows equal access
  to participate or observe sport events

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Areas of Sport Involvement Requiring
Nonparticipation

• Besides playing or coaching, there are roles
  created that apply to the interest of sports
• Sports management and administration
• Athletic training
• Title IX has increased sport opportunities for
  women
• Minorities are more visible and active
  participants compared to years past

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Chapter 6

• Sport Programs and Professions