Alec Calhoun, Eric Eiermann, Patrick Neely, Brett Burleigh

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Alec Calhoun, Eric Eiermann, Patrick Neely,
Brett Burleigh Group 5
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Introduction

• Lets Make Green Power More Practical
• Hurricane / Natural Disasters
• Emergency Power
• Portable Power / Remote Power
• Ultimately
• Ease of Use to bring Green Power to the masses!

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Project Overview
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Goals / Objectives

• Flexibility / Portability
• Multiple Input Types, Multiple Output Types
• Inputs are interchangeable
• Portability for Remote Power applications
• Familiarity
• Common interfaces that the public has seen before
• Provide the most commonly used output voltages
• Efficiency
• Small amounts of power being generated
• Indication to user. Not efficient to keep
  charging a full battery.

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Critical Specifications

• Store a total of 100Ah of energy that may come
  from 1, 2, or 3 12V DC power generation devices
  at any one time
• 12V DC, 5A output receptacle
• 120V AC, 60Hz, 5A output receptacle
• The Green Box shall be less than 60 cubic feet in
  size, and weigh less than 170 lbs
• Wheels and handles shall be incorporated

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Power Generation Devices

• Solar, Wind and Human Power
• Interchangeable
• User selects desired method(s) of power
  generation
• Adaptable for various locations, climates and
  seasons
• Portable
• Lightweight
• Small footprint

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Solar Panel

• Model SUN-100 (M)
• Advantages
• Monocrystalline Silicon construction
• Size (L x W x D) 42-1/2 x 31-3/8 x 1-3/8
• Weight 30 lbs.
• Cost 2.78 per Watt

• Image courtesy of Sunelec.com

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Solar Panel

• Model SUN-100 (M)
• Electrical Characteristics
• VOC 23.60 V
• ISC 6.30 A
• VMP 18.10 V
• IMP 5.53 A
• 100 Watts of Maximum Power

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Wind Turbine

• Southwest Windpower Air-X Turbine
• Advantages
• Size (L x W x H) 27 x 15 x 9
• Weight 17 lbs.
• Durability 110 mph survival wind speed
• Fully Integrated Regulator Included
• Provides automatic shutdown when
• battery is fully charged

• Image courtesy of
• SunForceProducts.com

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Wind Turbine

• Southwest Windpower Air-X Turbine
• Electrical Characteristics
• 12 VDC output
• 8 mph start-up wind speed
• Rated for 400 watts at 28 mph

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Human Power

• AMETEK PMDC Motor
• Advantages
• Low RPM for desired voltage
• Weight 7 lbs.
• Cost 170
• Human Power Mechanism
• Fabricated from an old bicycle
• Final build to be compact and portable

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Human Power

• AMETEK PMDC Motor
• Electrical Characteristics
• Rated for 38 V at 1100 rpm
• 14.5 V at approximately 420 rpm
• Current rating 12 Amps

()Note rpmnew Vdesired rpmrated/Vrated
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Input Testing

• Testing of each input to be performed using a
  digital multimeter
• Testing to be performed on site
• Voltage and current
• Inputs to then be used as part of testing plan
  for the charging system

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Battery

• Power Storage Requirements
• Store all the power generated in a single day
• Full Charge Discharge Cycle Maximum
  Efficiency
• Able to be charged quickly
• To harness all available power
• Need to calculate the size of battery
• Reduce cost
• Maximize Efficiency

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Battery

• Maximum Power Production
• Realistic/Average Power Production

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Battery

• 1500 Watts / 12 Volts
• 125 Amps for battery
• Lead Acid Batteries store a great
• deal of energy, but which one?

• Depth of Discharge
• 50 a common standard to
• extend battery life

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Lead Acid

• 3 Types of Lead Acid Batteries
• Starting
• Large Current, but only for Short Duration
• Would only last 30 days in our application

• - Marine
• Thicker Plates
• Durable, but still inferior

• - Deep Cycle
• Thickest Plates
• Most durable of all Lead Acid Batteries

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Deep Cycle

• 3 Types of Deep Cycle Batteries
• Flooded, Wet
• Battery Acid / Fumes can escape into consumers
  home
• Cannot be shipped UPS, USPS, and others

• - Gel Cell
• Heaviest
• Most Expensive

• - Absorbed Glass Mat
• Fast Recharge
• Will not spill acid, even if cracked
• Slow Self-Discharge Rate
• Most popular Choice in Alternative Energy

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AGM Battery

• Specifications
• Voltage 12 Volts
• Rating 100 AmpHours
• Dimensions
• 14 x 10 x 8 inches
• Weight 74 Pounds
• Cost (New) 280

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Charging

• The AGM battery must be charged by a strict
  algorithm
• A sophisticated charge controller must be used
• To prevent damage
• To prolong life

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Charge Controller

• Model Xantrex C-35
• Voltage 12V or 24V
• Max Current 35 amps
• Weight 2.5 Pounds
• Size 8 x 5 x 2 Inches
• Cost 100 Each (Need 3)
• Features
• Microprocessor Control
• Pulse Width Modulation
• AGM Compatible
• Solar Load Diversion Modes

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Square Wave Inverter

• Hard to Find (Basically Obsolete)
• Inefficient
• 1st Harmonic results in high Total Harmonic
  Distortion (THD)
• Inductive Loads shouldnt be operated with Square
  Wave Supply because of Abrupt Changes in
  waveform.
• Can damage load, therefore damaging inverter

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Modified Sine Wave Inverter

• Next Step in Efficiency
• Reduces Total Harmonic Distortion
• Clearer Signals from Inverter
• Building this type will require more and costlier
  parts
• Still not best choice for desired loads.

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Pure Sine Wave Inverter

• Produces an Identical output to a Homes
  Electrical Output
• Can be used with any device or load
• Most Complex and costly to build

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Inverter

• 120V AC, 60Hz, 5A Inverter
• 2 HEX Inverters
• 4 Resistors
• 1 Variable Resistor (Set to 1.24k?)
• 1 NPN Transistor
• 1 P-Channel MOSFET
• 1 N-Channel MOSFET

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Regulator

• 12 V Regulator
• Up to 5A current
• 3 TIP 2599 Power Transistors
• 15A Bridge
• Capacitors as Filters

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Microcontroller

• Model Atmel Atmega168
• -AVR enhanced RISC architecture
• -20 MIPS _at_ 20 MHz
• 16 KB Flash Memory
• 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles
• 23 Programmable I/O lines
• 32 8-Bit Registers

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Display

• Batron 2-Line Alphanumeric LCD
• 16 x 2 Character Display
• Operating range 0 -gt 50 C
• 84mm x 44mm

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Budget
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Progress To Date

• Research and Design 90
• Parts Acquisition
  50
• Prototyping and Construction 10
• Testing
  0
• Overall
  40

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Schedule for Project Completion