2005 Infection Control Survivor

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2005 Infection Control Survivor
Call the Infection Control Personnel at 4125.
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Hand Hygiene is the single most important
thing you can do to reduce the transmission of
infection

• Waterless alcohol- based hand degermer is
  preferable during routine work activities.
• Degerm your hands with gel (size of dime) in palm
  of hands and rub until dry.
• Do not rinse or towel dry hands after applying
  degermer.
• Use degermer when hands are not visibly soiled.
• Use after direct patient care, in between patient
  care, before using an invasive device.
• Use after removing gloves.

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Soap and Water

• Wash your hands FOR AT LEAST 15 SECONDS.
• When hands area visibly soiled, to remove organic
  materials.
• After 8-10 applications of waterless
  alcohol-based hand degermer.
• Before and after eating, using the restroom, and
  leaving the hospital.
• After touching blood and body fluids and/or
  equipment contaminated with blood and body fluids
  without gloves.
• Hand Lotion
• Use as needed to prevent dryness and damage to
  skin
• Use especially after soap and water to provide
  moisturizer for your hands.
• Artificial Nails
• Artificial nails are prohibited for staff who
  give direct hands on patient care.

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Stop Think REDUCE TRANSMISSION

• You can reduce the risk of transmitting dangerous
  organisms by using
• Engineering Controls These are physical or
  mechanical systems provided to eliminate hazards.
  Examples are Needleless systems, Sharps
  Containers
• Work Practice Controls These are specific
  procedures you must follow while at work.
  Examples are
• Hand Hygiene either waterless alcohol hand
  degermer or handwashing
• Cleaning and disinfection of the environment and
  equipment between patients.

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The Risks of Bloodborne Diseases Can Be Minimized
by using

• Standards / Universal Precautions
• FOR ALL PATIENTS--EVERYTIME
• You can not tell for sure which patients carry
  bloodborne diseases such as Hepatitis B,
  Hepatitis C, or HIV.
• Standard / Universal precautions resolves this
  uncertainty by treating all blood and body fluids
  as if they were infectious.
• Hepatitis B vaccine is offered to all employees.

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PPEsPERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
If used correctly, the following equipment can
protect you from contact to potentially
infectious materials. Know where they are

• Gloves
• Worn any time direct contact with blood, body
  fluids, mucous membrane, non-intact skin,
  contaminated equipment or environment is
  possible.
• Always remove gloves promptly after use and
  degerm your hands.
• Gowns / Aprons
• Worn any time splashing with blood or body fluids
  is possible.
• Gowns are available in designated patient care
  areas.
• Masks and Protective Eyewear
• Worn anytime coughing from the patient is not
  manageable.
• Worn to protect against splashing to mouth, nose
  and eyes.

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Sharp Safety DevicesCDC indicates that over
380,000 needlesticks occur each year.

• Use safety devices to reduce your risk of
  injuries. If you need inservice, be sure you
  receive it before you use the device.
• Always activate the safety feature and never
  recap needles.
• Plan safe handling and disposal before beginning
  procedure using sharps.
• Be alert when cleaning up after procedures for
  hidden sharps.
• Dispose of used sharp devices promptly in
  appropriate sharps disposal containers. (When
  sharp containers are 3/4 full call to replace
  them _at_ 5426 to replace them )
• Tell your Manager about hazards from sharps that
  you observe in your work environment.

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If you have a Blood or Body Fluid Exposure

• Wash the affected area immediately
• Report the injury to your supervisor. Call the
  needlestick hotline _at_ 4390.
• Go to the Emergency Department within one hour
  of exposure. Tell them you are an employee to
  ensure prompt treatment
• Medical evaluation, baseline blood tests, and
  treatment as needed.
• Counseling concerning your risk of acquiring a
  BBP infection and the risks and benefits of
  medications to minimize or prevent disease.
• Completion of the necessary Exposure Report Forms
  as required by OSHA.
• Employee Health Services will provide follow up
  after the injury and assist with evaluation of
  the source patient.

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Bloodborne Pathogen Standard (BBP)

• The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
  (OSHA) issued the BBP standard designed to
  protect you. To comply with this regulation, the
  Medical Center has an Exposure Control Plan.
• The Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure Control Plan is
  located on the Santa Clara Intranet Site
  (Policies gt Medical Center Wide gt Infection
  Control gt Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure Control
  Plan)
• It provides
• Employees work practices that are covered by the
  standard.
• Specific measures to minimize your risk of
  occupational exposure to blood and body fluid.
• Procedures to follow if there is an unprotected
  exposure to blood or body fluids through
  needlestick or splash of blood or body fluids.

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WASTE MANAGEMENTBe knowledgeable of how to
dispose of different types of waste
Biohazardous and Pathology Waste
Sharps
Chemotherapy
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HOW IS TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION SPREAD?

• Tuberculosis is spread from person to person by
  small airborne particles which can be generated
  when infectious person sneezes, coughs and less
  commonly when they sing or laugh.
• Microscopic particles can remain suspended in the
  air for prolonged period of time.
• The infection can be spread to others if the
  infectious person is in a closed air space and
  coughing over a prolong period of time.

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PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS and TREATMENT of TB

• Prevention - Early detection, isolation and
  effective treatment of active TB cases is vital.
  Think TB when a patient is coughing.
• Teach all patients to cover their nose and mouth
  when coughing.
• Provide tissues and a mask for the patient to
  use.
• Tuberculosis Control Plan and the Respiratory
  Protection Program are located on the Santa Clara
  Intranet. They outline policies and procedures
  which will reduce the risk of exposure to TB for
  staff, patients and visitors.
• Diagnosis- Signs and symptoms of Tuberculosis
  disease include
• Cough
• Fever
• Fatigue
• Weight Loss and Night Sweats
• Treatment - Treatment of active disease consists
  of taking two to four medications daily for 6 to
  18 months. The County Public Health Department
  works with patients to make sure they take their
  medications as ordered.

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WHAT YOU CAN DO TO PREVENT TB SPREAD!

• Room patient right away or place patient in a
  negative pressure room.
• Post a Stop Sign on the patients door, to
  alert others
• Wearing appropriate PPE
• Notify Engineering of patient placement in
  negative pressure room.
• Place a surgical mask on the patient when
  transporting to other departments.
• Communicate suspect TB to other departments.
• Healthcare Workers involved with direct patient
  care in negative pressure rooms must wear N95
  respirators.

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N95 Respirator requirements for Employees and
Physicians required to provide care to
suspect/active TB patients
Identified Employees and Physicians approved to
wear N95 respirators must

• Complete an OSHA Respirator Medical Evaluation
  Questionnaire and forward to Employee Health
  Services. (one time medical evaluation process)
• Complete and pass a N95 respirator
  Qualitative/Quantitative Fit test and annually on
  the anniversary hire date.
• Complete respirator training (donning, removing
  and user seal fit checks) prior to using the
  respirator and annually thereafter.
• Complete the Respirator Education Form at time of
  fit testing.
• Perform Fit checks before and after each use of
  the N95 respirator.

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ANNUAL TB SCREENING

• TB screening is a Title XXII condition of
  employment and is required at least annually..
• If you have a positive TB skin test, you may
  receive further evaluation such as a chest x-ray
  or be offered medications to prevent you from
  developing active disease.
• TB screening and follow up exposure is provided
  by the Employee Health Service.