My Little

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My Little Constitution and more!
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National ArchivesWashington DC

• Charters of Freedom - the Declaration of
  Independence, the Constitution and the Bill of
  Rights in the National Archives Rotunda are the
  centerpiece of the National Archives Experience.

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Front of folder
My Little Constitution

• The U.S. Constitution balances the powers of the
  federal government among the legislative,
  executive and judicial branches
• Constitutional Convention- May 1787 Philadelphia
• MLC Vocab.
• Constitution-
• federalism (federal system)-
• reserved Powers-
• concurrent Powers-
• Impeach-
• veto-
• pardon-
• amendments-
• Bill of Rights-
• Federalist Papers-

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The President
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• Article II. The Executive Branch
• (Enforces Law)

The President
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• Requirements
• Must be 35 years old
• 14 year resident of U.S.
• Must have been born in U.S.

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• Serves 4 year terms
• May serve 2 terms
• -can be consecutive

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• Franklin D. Roosevelt only president to serve
  more than 2 terms
• 22nd Amendment now limits presidents to 2 terms

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• Elected by the Electoral College
• (538 people selected by parties)
• Not directly elected by
• the people who vote

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• Executive Departments do most of work
• 15 Executive Departments
• Heads of Ex. Depts. Cabinet
• Cabinet is group that advises president

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• To carry out law, treaties and statutes
  president issues executive orders commands that
  have power of law

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• Nominate judges for the United States Supreme
  Court (USSC)

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• Commander and Chief
• of the
• armed forces

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• Writes the
• yearly budget
• Thousands
• of pages

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• Power
• to approve
• or
• Veto bills

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• Create foreign policy and negotiates treaties w/
  other nations

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• Pardon any criminal
• Give yearly State of the Union Address

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• President lives in the White House in Washington
  D.C.

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• Draw the picture
• of the White House

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(No Transcript)
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The Supreme Court
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• Article III The Judicial Branch
• (Interprets Law)

Federal Court System
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• Constitution created USSC
• 9 justices sit on the court
• Term Serve for life on good behavior

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• Rule on law
• Constitutional or unconstitutional
• Rulings affect country

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• Marbury v. Madison
• established power of Judicial review power to
  declare act of Congress unconstitutional

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• Receive thousands of cases to review every year
• Choose to review about 100

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• View appeals
• (requests for review)
• Never by trial

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• Chief Justice presides over impeachment trial
• of President

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• Judicial Branch made up of system of federal
  courts headed by U.S.S.C

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• Judiciary Act of 1789 created the system of lower
  courts

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• Lower federal courts divided into 94 districts
• Each state has at least 1

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• Can appeal case to court of appeals. Court of
  appeals are in districts

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• After C of A case, result can be appealed to
  U.S.S.C

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• 1967- Thurgood Marshall 1st African American
  U.S.S.C Judge
• 1981- Sandra Day Oconer 1st woman
• U.S.S.C Judge

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• Some cases
• Scott v Stanford- slaves cant sue in court
  because they are property
• Brown v Board of Education- Segregation in
  schools is unconstitutional
• Miranda v. Arizona- Must be given rights after
  arrest

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• Draw the Supreme Court building

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(No Transcript)
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The Congress
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• Article I The Legislative Branch
• (Creates Law)

Congress
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• There are 2 houses (Bicameral)

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• 2 Houses
• 1.Senate (more powerful house)
• 100 senators
• 2. House of Representatives
• 435 Reps.

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• 2 houses of Congress rarely meet
• State of Union Address
• National emergency

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• The majority party in Congress almost always
  controls outcomes
• Political Parties not in the Const.

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• The Democratic Donkey and the Republican Elephant
• Ever wondered what the story was behind these two
  famous party animals?
• The now-famous Democratic donkey was first
  associated with Democrat Andrew Jackson's 1828
  presidential campaign. His opponents called him a
  jackass (a donkey), and Jackson decided to use
  the image of the strong-willed animal on his
  campaign posters. Later, cartoonist Thomas Nast
  used the Democratic donkey in newspaper cartoons
  and made the symbol famous.
• Democrats today say the donkey is smart and brave
• Nast invented another famous symbolthe
  Republican elephant. In a cartoon that appeared
  in Harper's Weekly in 1874, Nast drew a donkey
  clothed in lion's skin, scaring away all the
  animals at the zoo. One of those animals, the
  elephant, was labeled The Republican Vote.
  That's all it took for the elephant to become
  associated with the Republican Party.
• Republicans say the elephant is strong and
  dignified.

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• Sometimes need to stretch delegated powers to
  deal with unexpected
• Elastic Clause make Laws which will be
  necessary and proper

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• Members of each house serve on committees
• (where work is done)

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• Propose bills (laws)

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• Override Presidential veto with a 2/3 vote
• Officially Declare War
• Impeach President

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• Propose amendments to Constitution with a
• 2/3 vote in both houses
• States then
• must vote on

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• House of Reps Req.
• 2 year term
• Unlimited
• 25 years old
• Citizen 7 years

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• Leader of House Speaker of the House
• Follows VP in line of
• succession to replace
• president

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• Senate Req. (more powerful house)
• 6 year term
• unlimited
• 30 years old
• Citizen 9 years

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• Vice President is the President of the Senate
• Only votes to break a tie vote

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• Draw the picture of the capital building

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Write under Congress booklet

• Senate
• To block bill, can Fillibuster
• Senate can talk a bill to death- Literally just
  keep talking
• Need 60 votes to stop

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The President
Rule on Executive actions constitutional or
unconstitutional
Appoints judges
Supreme Court
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Rule on laws Constitutional or unconstitutional
Supreme Court
Congress
Propose constitutional amendments to override
decisions Confirm and can impeach justices
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The President
Override veto, need 2/3 vote of both houses
Reject or confirm appointments/ treaties
Can impeach president
Can veto any bill
May withhold funding
Congress
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The President
Article V. Amending Const. -2/3 of both houses
must agree to propose - 3/4 of states must vote
to adopt
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Back of folder

Article IV. Add states/ citizens treated same all
states Article V. Amending the Constitution Articl
e VI. Constitution is supreme law Article VII.
Ratification (9/13) Amendments to the
Constitution Bill of Rights (amendments 1-10) Dec
15, 1791 There are 27 amendments to the
Constitution some notable amendments after Bill
of Rights 13th abolishes slavery 14th due
process, defines citizenship 19th womans
suffrage