Extensive Reading: Why and How

1
????????? (I)

• ???
• ???? ????????
• ??????
• 10/01/2012

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Before we begin

• Good pronunciation is very important for good
  spoken communication. What is good pronunciation?
  
• You dont need to speak like a native speaker.
• Accent is fine as long as you speak clearly and
  do not prevent others from understanding you.

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What you should know about pronunciation

• Goals of Pronunciation instruction
• Native speaker myths
• World Englishes and Cross cultural
  communication
• Non-native speakers teaching pronunciation
  issues of accent

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Sounds of English

• Sounds and spelling Phonic rules
• English is not a phonetic language (as compared
  to Spanish)
• --When two vowels go walking, the first one does
  the talking.
• ex ie ei, ea, ae, io, oi, oo, eu, ue, ou
• --though through cough rough plough ought
  borough
• --business turn, busy, bury, burst, tube, turn

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Sounds of English - continued

• ow we bow before the king you wear bow-tie a
  bowl of rice bowling cow a queen dowager, how,
  low, know-how
• ou loue, have a bout with someone, cough-couch,
  double, doubt, mouse
• au author, caught, caution, daughter, fault,
  gauge, laugh, taught, drought, draught
• O move, woman, women, hot, top, ton, tone, gone,
  tomb, tome, bomb

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Pronunciation problems letters

• Teach your students to pronounce these letters
  accurately
• g d?i never ju d?u as in Chinese ?
• n ?n never ?n
• l ?l never ?lo
• x ?ks never ?k?s
• http//film-english.com/2011/10/01/alphabet-lesson
  s

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Pronunciation problems for Chinese EFL

• x /ks/ should not be reduced to /s/
• ex excuse
• Do not replace /?/ with /n/
• ex strength stre?k? or stre?? never
  stren?

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Pronunciation problems for Chinese EFL

• /m/ is bilabial, with lips closed
• ex The name of the game is the same.
• Do not drop tense markers -ed (voiced and
  voiceless consonants /d/, /t/ )

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Pronunciation problems for Chinese EFL

• Long (tense) and short (relaxed) sounds /i/ vs
  /i/
• chip/cheap
• live/leave
• it/eat
• bitch/beach
• shit/sheet
• fill/feel
• sit/seat
• Http//www.youtube.com/watch?vd0lRYM-h5Pwfeature
  relmfu
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v3dasuQ9u8i0feature
  fvwrel

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Pronunciation problems for Chinese EFL

• Pronounce the following word pairs
• error/arrow
• pose/pause
• test/taste
• later/letter
• pain/pen
• pant/paint

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Pronunciation tips

• Facial muscles are used more often in Standard
  American English(SAE) than in Chinese
• Open mouth wide as in lot, hot, spot, honest,
  lock, fond, Ed
• Word stress noun and verb
• Stressed vowels long and loud (clear)
• Unstressed vowels (schwa /?/) unstressed vowels
  are short and soft

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Stress and Rhythm

• English is a stressed-timed language
• Stress in spoken sentence occurs at regular
  intervals and the time to say something depends
  on the number of stressed syllables rather than
  the number of unstressed syllables
• 1 2 3 4
• 1 and 2 and 3 and 4
• 1 and a 2 and a 3 and a 4
• 1 and then a 2 and then a 3 and then a 4

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How to pronounce word stress

• When a syllable is stressed, it is pronounced
• louder
• longer
• higher in pitch

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Stress and rhythm - shrinking and linking

• Example I
• Sue likes jokes.
• Susan isnt hungry.
• Samantha doesnt like spaghetti.
• Example II
• Students take test.
• The students are taking the test.
• The students have been taking the test.

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Stress and rhythm sentence stress

• Sentence stress is the music of spoken English.
  Like word stress, sentence stress can help you to
  understand spoken English, especially when spoken
  fast.
• Sentence stress is what gives English its rhythm
  or "beat". You remember that word stress is
  accent on one syllable within a word. Sentence
  stress is accent on certain words within a
  sentence.

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Online source for pronunciation

• Pronunciation Difficult words (Lisa Mojsin)
• http//bit.ly/OnXEDD
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v3dasuQ9u8i0feature
  fvwrel

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Pronunciation online sources

• More source hereDont miss the video series by
  Rebecca Linquist on articulation, accent
  modification and communicative competence.
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vMSxNs4a8ELcfeature
  relmfu (slow down your speech)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vz8Vlk1CZBbQfeature
  relmfu (articulation exercise)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vOSiTY4_8rOc
  (overcoming sluggish articulation)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vFYHt0cUDkW0feature
  relmfu (reality tv part I)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vZFwBElqYhY8feature
  relmfu (reality tv part II)

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• Practice doesnt make perfect
• perfect practice makes perfect !