Smart Grids, Super Grids

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• Smart Grids, Super Grids
• Myth or Reality ?
• by André MERLIN
• President CIGRE MEDGRID
• President Supervisory Board RTE ERDF

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Contents

• New requirements of power systems within the
  European Energy Policy
• Smart Grids and Super Grids stakes and
  applications in transmission and distribution
  systems

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Electricity will play a more and more important
role to meet the three main objectives of the
European Energy Policy

• To increase the security of supply
• To reduce CO2 emissions
• To control energy costs.

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• On the demand side, electricity provides high
  level energy efficiency
• On the supply side, it provides for the
  development of low carbon energy sources (from
  nuclear, hydraulic, wind, solar, geothermal).

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Electricity production in the EU Member States
in 2005
TWh
940 139 694 40 998 341 157
28,4 4,2 21,0 1,2 30,2 10,4
4,8
Coal Oil Gas Others
54,6
Nuclear Hydro Renewables
45,4
Total
3309
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Power generation for EU-27 by 2020

• 2/3 of the production from low carbon sources
• 1/3 nuclear
• 1/3 renewable sources (including hydraulic)
• of which 13 wind energy (1.9 in 2005).

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13 wind energy in the electricity mix in 2020
implies a production of 500 TWh out of a total
of 4 000 TWh

• In order to produce such a quantity, 200 to 250
  GW wind farms out of a total of 1000 GW power
  plants, must be installed and connected to the
  European power system.

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Looking ahead to 2050

• When CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS)
  technology is industrially available, it will be
  possible to design a European power system with
  nearly no CO2 emissions.

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• SUCH A RADICAL CHANGE IN THE MIX OF POWER
  GENERATION WILL REQUIRE A GREAT EVOLUTION OF THE
  GRIDS.

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Why such a change ?

• To allow for the large integration of
  intermittent renewable energies
• To increase the security of supply by mutual back
  up between the power systems of the Member States
  of the EU and with the neighbouring
  interconnected regions
• To reach a wider integration of the electricity
  markets.

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What does this mean for the future of the grids ?

• Stonger interconnections within the European
  system
• An extension of these interconnections beyond the
  present limits (to the South around and across
  the Mediterranean Sea and with the Russian
  electricity system UPS/IPS)
• A more efficient operation of the electricity
  systems and particularly the distribution
  networks to face the growing complexity of
  systems management.

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Two major strategies for future electricity
systems

• More powerful networks (Super Grids)
• More intelligent networks (Smart Grids)

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Super Grids 4 priorities for the development of
the electricity transmission system of the EU

• An interconnection plan for Baltic networks with
  the European electricity network
• A Euro-mediterrannean interconnection plan
  (MEDGRID)
• A Centre - South - East Europe interconnection
  plan
• An interconnection plan for an offshore submarine
  network in the Baltic and North Sea.
• Second EU strategic energy review by the
  European Commission (November 2008)

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Medgrid, an industrial initiative for electricity
exchange in the mediterranean basin
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Medgrid Partners
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Submarine grid for the North Sea and the Baltic
Sea
By 2020, connect 25 GW of wind farms and
hydraulic plants to the National AC systems in a
first phase and benefit from trading
opportunities.
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Smart GridsTransmission networks 2 major
achievements
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Regional study centre for coordinated operation
of the system, Coreso is a partnership of RTE,
Elia, National Grid, Terna and 50Herz which aims
to evaluate the safety of the Western system, to
inform and to alert the National dispatchings.
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CECRE (Red Electrica) First control room for
renewable energies

• Provides for maximum integration of renewable
  sources within the electricity system in the
  safest conditions.

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Smart Grids Distribution Networks

• The opening of electricity markets has led to
  the development of the smart meter which is the
  cornerstone of Smart Grids in the distribution
  network.
• The European Commission targets 80 of smart
  meters in 2020.
• The network is changing from passive to active
  through the development of decentralized power
  generation from wind or solar installations and
  its structure and operation must be quickly
  adapted.

() Art. 3, annexe 1 of the internal electricity
market Directive of the13 July 2009
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• The  communicating meter  the lever of
  modernisation for the management of ERDF
  distribution networks
• Improve the knowledge of the network by having
  data more precise and updated real time
• Better charge of the customers consumption
• Allow demand side management toreduce energy
  consumption

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Plan chosen by ERDF
Substation "Concentrator "
Linky
Central Information System
Automation
GPRS MV network
PLC Local LV network
Customers
Suppliers
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