The Geography of Demand for Tourism

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The Geography of Demandfor Tourism
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Learning Objectives

• 1.   Explain the term tourist demand and
  distinguish between effective and suppressed
  demand.
• 2.      Understand the concepts of travel
  propensity and frequency.
• 3.      Identify the motivations and
  determinants of demand for tourism.
• 4.   Explain the influence of stage in economic
  development, population factors, and political
  regimes on demand for tourism.
• 5.      Understand the influence of personal
  variables on the demand for tourism.
• 6.     Appreciate the main barriers to travel
  which lead to suppressed demand.

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The Geography of Demand forTourism

• Tourism A Basic Human Right?
• Definition of Tourism Demand
• Concepts of Tourism Demand
• Determinants at the World Scale 1

• Determinants at the World Scale 2
• Determinants at the World Scale 3
• Determinants at the Personal Scale 1
• Determinants at the Personal Scale 1
• Suppressed Demand

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Tourism A Basic Human Right?

• UN 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• UN 1967 Holidays with Pay
• Manila Declaration 1980
• Osaka 1994
• Cairo 1995
• 1999 Global Code of Ethics for consuming tourism

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Definition of Tourism Demand
The total number of persons who travel or wish
to travel to use tourist facilities away from
their places of work and residence.
(Mathieson and Wall, 1982)
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Concepts of Tourism Demand

• Effective Demand
• Suppressed
• Potential or
• Deferred
• No demand
• Travel propensity
• Net
• Gross

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Box 2.1
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Determinants of TourismDemand at the World Scale
1

• Stage of Economic Development
• Traditional society
• Preconditions for take-off
• Take-off
• Drive to maturity
• High mass consumption

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Table 2.1
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Figure 2.1
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Determinants of TourismDemand at the World Scale
2

• Demographic The demographic transition
• High stationary phase
• Early expanding phase
• Late expanding phase
• Low stationary phase

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Figure 2.2
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Determinants of TourismDemand at the World Scale
3

• Other factors Politics
• complexion
• groupings
• deregulation
• instability

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Determinants at the Personal Scale 1

• Life Style
• Leisure time
• Income
• Occupation
• Mobility
• Education
• Life styles? all related?

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Determinants at the Personal Scale 2

• Life cycle - age and domestic age
• Children
• Young adult
• Marriage
• Marriage children
• Empty nest
• Old age

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Suppressed Demand

• Time
• Sickness
• Family
• Expense
• Politics
• Terrorism, tsunami