Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Chapter 16

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Energy Efficiency and Renewable EnergyChapter 16
If the United States wants to save a lot of oil
and money and increase national security, there
are two simple ways to do it Stop driving
Petropigs and stop living in energy
sieves.. Amory B. Lovins
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Key Concepts

• Improving energy efficiency
• Types and uses of solar energy
• Types and uses of flowing water
• Uses of wind energy
• Types and uses of biomass
• Use of hydrogen as a fuel
• Use of geothermal energy
• Decentralized power systems

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The Importance of Improving Energy Efficiency

• Net useful energy
• Life cycle cost

Least Efficient

• Incandescent lights
• Internal combustion
  engine
• Nuclear power
  plants

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Efficiencies (fig 16-4 p. 382)
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Ways to Improve Energy Efficiency

• Insulation
• Elimination of air leaks
• Air to air heat exchangers
• Cogeneration
• Efficient electric motors
• High-efficiency lighting
• Increasing fuel economy

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Electric and Hybrid Cars

• Rechargeable battery systems
• Hybrid electric-internal combustion engine
• Fuel cells

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Using Solar Energy to Provide Heat and Electricity

• Passive solar heating
• Active solar heating

Fig. 16-17 pg 394
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Using Solar Energy to Provide High-Temperature
Heat and Electricity

• Solar thermal systems
• Photovoltaic (PV) cells

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Producing Electricity from Moving Water

• Large-scale hydropower
• Small-scale hydropower
• Pumped-storage hydropower
• Tidal power plant
• Wave power plant

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Producing Electricity from Heat Stored in Water

• Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
• Saline solar ponds
• Freshwater solar ponds

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Producing Electricity from Wind
Fig. 16-28 pg 402
Fig. 16-28 pg 402
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Producing Energy from Biomass

• Biofuels
• Biomass plantations
• Crop residues
• Animal manure
• Biogas
• Ethanol
• Methanol

Fig. 16-31, p 404
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The Solar-Hydrogen Revolution

• Extracting hydrogen efficiently
• Storing hydrogen
• Fuel cells

Fig. 15-18, p 355
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Geothermal Energy

• Geothermal reservoirs
• Dry Steam
• Wet Steam
• Hot water
• Molten rock
• Hot dry-rock zones

Fig. 16-36, p 409
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Geothermal Reservoirs
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Entering the Age of Decentralized Micropower

• Centralized power systems
• Decentralized power systems
• Micropower systems

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Solutions A Sustainable Energy Strategy
Fig. 16-44, p 414