Welcome and introductions

1
Todays outline

1. Welcome and introductions
2. Overview of the lab section
3. Lab safety and clean-up
4. Lab 1 Insect diversity and adaptation
5. Intro to Lab 2 The scientific method

2
Lab safety and cleanliness

1. Read Appendix A carefully
2. Emergency equipment and procedures
3. Properly dispose of wastes
4. Clean up during and after the lab
5. Wash your hands

Image credit www.shawneetownship.com
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Part A.3 (magnification)
Image credit www.ruf.rice.edu
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Part A.3 (magnification)
Count 55 o.u. 0.5 mm
Divide 1 o.u. 0.5 mm / 55 o.u.
0.009 mm
Convert 1 o.u. 0.009 mm x 1000
9 um
Image credit www.ruf.rice.edu
5
Introduction to statistics
When should we get excited about an observed
difference?
Small differences are common
Do not reject null
Large differences are rare
Reject null
Frequency (probability)
C2critical
Difference
6
Gate
Stopper
Hole
Lid
Passageway
Isopods
Screen floor
Choices
Well
Image credits museumvictoria.com.au,
www.jesslaccetti.co.uk
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Sir Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Image credits www.amnh.org, www2.biologie.uni-hal
le.de
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GENETICS
In eukaryotes, a structure composed of DNA and
proteins that bears part of the
genetic information of the cell.
100
What is a chromosome?
One of many discrete units of hereditary
information located on a chromosome
and consisting of DNA.
200
What is a gene?
300
What is an allele?
The alternate form of a gene.


400
What is a locus?
A particular place along the length of a
chromosome where a given gene is located.
500
What is homozygous?
In a diploid organism, having two identical
alleles for a given trait.
1000
What is evolution?
The change in genetic structure of a population.
Image credit www.tvsquad.com
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Lab5 (local adaptation)
Lab4 (Population genetics)
Frequency
Pop. 2
Pop. 1
Trait value
Trait value
This lab (Genetic variability)
High diversity
Low diversity
Frequency
Trait value
Trait value
Trait value
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Chukchi Sea
? Terrestrial gene flow
? Marine gene flow
Siberia
Alaska
Chukchi Sea
Bering Sea
Siberia
Alaska
? Terrestrial gene flow
? Marine gene flow
Bering Sea
Image credit instaar.colorado.edu
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Chukchi Sea
Alaska
Siberia
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus)
Bering Sea
Caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti)
Image credits instaar.colorado.edu,
homestudy.ihdea.com, www.fresnochaffeezoo.cxm
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11. a. Interpret your gel b. Input your
data
Clean up
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Pheidole rhea
Soldier
Worker
Image credits W. Blaine Stine, www.myrmecos.net
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Impatiens walleriana
Shade
Sun
Image credits W. Blaine Stine, P. Venturelli
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Part D (density of stomata)
Image credits www.render-lab.com, tiee.ecoed.net
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Image credits www.epa.gov, www.agpix.com,
www.umanitoba.ca, rydberg.biology.colostate.edu
17
Image credits kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca,
rydberg.biology.colostate.edu
18
Image credits hh.cocolog-nifty.com,
kingstonfieldnaturalists.org, www.wpclipart.com,
www.britannica.com
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10 cm
?
Ichthyostega (365 MYA)
Image credits www.photobirds.com,
www.jupiterimages.com, www.istockphoto.com,
www.earthhistory.org.uk
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Exercise 4
60?1
Ostrich
Goose
Duck
Robin
Myrtle w.
Nash. w.
Stiff tail
Small body
Warbling song
Webbed feet
Duck bill
Singing
Keeled sternum
Image credits www.dailyspeculations.com,
www.birdsofoklahoma.net, Terry Sohl,
www.birdsofoklahoma.net, www.christinevadai.com,
www.bird-friends.com
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Image credits www.mark-ju.net,
www.biologyreference.com, www.britannica.com,
www.wildshop.com.au, www.elkhornslough.org,
www.oakvilleseniors.com, www.jewishworldreview.com
, z.about.com, www.ontariotravel.net, www.csc.com