CITRIS Scientific Agenda

1
UC Santa Cruz
CITRIS Scientific Program Overview Jim Demmel,
Chief Scientist www.citris.berkeley.edu
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Outline

• Scientific Agenda Overview
• Applications, Systems, Foundations
• Hardware and Software Building Blocks
• Sensor Networks, Handheld devices, Wireless
  Networks, Clusters
• Organizational Building Blocks
• Affiliated research centers and activities
• Financial Building Blocks
• Current grants, Fundraising opportunities
• Putting the Social into CITRIS
• Meeting Organization and Goals
• Testbeds talks, Application Breakouts, Charge to
  participants

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Scientific Agenda Overview
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CITRIS Scientific Strategy
Societal-Scale Applications
Societal-Scale Applications
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The CITRIS Model

• Distributed Info Systems
• Micro sensors/actuators
• Human-Comp Interaction
• Prototype Deployment

• Quality-of-Life Emphasis
• Initially Leverage Existing
• Expertise on campuses

• Energy Efficiency
• Transportation Systems
• Disaster Mitigation
• Environmental Monitoring
• Distributed education
• Distributed biomonitoring

Societal-Scale Information Systems (SIS)
Foundations

• Reliablity
• Availability
• Security,
• Algorithms
• Social, policy issues

Fundamental Underlying Science
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Initial CITRIS Applications (1)

• Saving Energy
• Smart Buildings that adjust to inhabitants
• Make energy deregulation work via real-time
  metering and pricing
• Large potential savings in energy costs for US
  commercial buildings
• Turning down heat, lights saves up to 55B/year,
  35M tons C emission/year
• 30 of 45B/year energy bill is from broken
  systems
• Transportation Systems
• Use SISs to improve the efficiency and utility of
  highways while reducing pollution
• Improve carpooling efficiency using advanced
  scheduling
• Improve freeway utilization by managing traffic
  flows
• Large potential savings in commuter time, lost
  wages, fuel, pollution for CA
• 15 minutes/commuter/day gt 15B/year in wages
• 600M/year in trucking costs, 150K gallons of
  fuel/day
• Disaster Mitigation (natural and otherwise)
• 100B-200B loss in Big One, 5K to 10K deaths
• Monitor buildings, bridges, lifeline systems to
  assess damage after disaster
• Provide efficient, personalized responses
• Must function at maximum performance under very
  difficult circumstances

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Initial CITRIS Applications (2)

• Distributed Biomonitoring
• Wristband biomonitors for chronic illness and the
  elderly
• Monitored remotely 24x7x365
• Emergency response and potential remote drug
  delivery
• Cardiac Arrest
• Raise out-of-hospital survival rate from 6 to
  20 gt save 60K lives/year
• Distributed Education
• Smart Classrooms
• Lifelong Learning Center for professional
  education
• Develop electronic versions of UC Merceds
  undergraduate CS curriculum

• Environmental Monitoring
• Monitor air quality near highways to meet Federal
  guidelines
• Mutual impact of urban and agricultural areas
• Monitor water shed response to climate events and
  land use changes

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Hardware and Software Building Blocks
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Societal-Scale Systems
New System Architectures New Enabled
Applications Diverse, Connected,
Physical, Virtual, Fluid
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Experimental Testbeds in UCB EECS
Soda Hall
IBM WorkPad
Smart Dust
Velo
Nino
LCD Displays
MC-16
Motorola Pagewriter 2000
CF788
Pager
WLAN / Bluetooth
Smart Classrooms Audio/Video Capture
Rooms Pervasive Computing Lab CoLab
H.323 GW
GSM BTS
Wearable Displays
TCI _at_Home Adaptive Broadband LMDS
Millennium Cluster
CalRen/Internet2/NGI
Millennium Cluster
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Smart DustMEMS-Scale Sensors/Actuators/Communicat
ors

• Create a dynamic, ad-hoc network of power-aware
  sensors
• Explore system design issues
• Provide a platform to test Dust components
• Use off the shelf components initially

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Current One-Inch Networked SensorCuller, Pister

• 1 x 1.5 motherboard
• ATMEL 4Mhz, 8bit MCU, 512 bytes RAM, 8K pgm flash
• 900Mhz Radio (RF Monolithics) 10-100 ft. range
• Radio Signal strength control and sensing
• Base-station ready
• stackable expansion connector
• all ports, i2c, pwr, clock
• Several sensor boards
• basic protoboard
• tiny weather station (temp,light,hum,press)
• vibrations (2d acc, temp, light)
• accelerometers
• magnetometers

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TinyOS Approach

• Stylized programming model with extensive static
  information
• Program graph of TOS components
• TOS component command/event interface
  behavior
• Rich expression of concurrency
• Events propagate across many components
• Tasks provide internal concurrency
• Regimented storage management
• Very simple implementation
• For More see http//tinyos.millennium.berkeley.edu
  

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Emerging de facto tiny system

• Feb. 01 bootcamp
• 40 people
• UCB, UCLA, USC, Cornell, Rutgers, Wash.,
• LANL, Bosch, Accenture, Intel, crossbow
• Several groups actively developing around tinyOS
  on rene node
• Concurrency framework has held up well.
• Next generation(s) selected as DARPA networked
  embedded system tech (NEST) open platform
• Smaller building blocks for ubicomp

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Micro Flying Insect

• ONR MURI/ DARPA funded
• Year 3 of 5 year project
• Professors Dickinson, Fearing (PI), Liepmann,
  Majumdar, Pister, Sands, Sastry

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Synthetic Insects(Smart Dust with Legs)

• Goal Make silicon walk.

• Autonomous
• Articulated
• Size 1-10 mm
• Speed 1mm/s

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MEMS Technology Roadmap (Pisano/BSAC)
2010
MEMS Single Molecule Detection Systems
2005
MEMS Rotary Engine Power System
2004
MEMS Micro Sensor Networks(Smart Dust)
2003
MEMS Mechanical Micro Radios
MEMS Immunological Sensors
2002
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Organizational Building Blocks
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CITRIS-Affiliated Research Activities(please
send contributions!)

• International Computer Science Institute (ICSI)
  (5 faculty, 18 students) studies network
  protocols and applications and speech and
  language-based human-centered computing.
• Millennium Project (15 faculty) is developing a
  powerful, networked computational test bed of
  nearly 1,000 computers across campus to enable
  interdisciplinary research.
• Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center (BSAC) (14
  faculty, 100 students) is a world-leading effort
  specializing in micro-electromechanical devices
  (MEMS), micro-fluidic devices, and smart dust.
• Microfabrication Laboratory (71 faculty, 254
  students) is a campus-wide resource offering
  sophisticated processes for fabricating
  micro-devices and micro-systems.
• Gigascale Silicon Research Center (GSRC) (23
  faculty, 60 students) addresses problems in
  designing and testing complex, single-chip
  embedded systems using deep sub-micron
  technology.
• Berkeley Wireless Research Center (BWRC) (16
  faculty, 114 students) is a consortium of
  companies and DARPA programs to support research
  in low-power wireless devices.

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CITRIS-Affiliated Research Activities(continued)

• Berkeley Information Technology and Systems
  (BITS) (20 faculty, 60 students) a new
  networking research center will address large
  emerging networking problems (EECS, ICSI, SIMS)
• Berkeley Institute of Design (BID) (10 faculty) a
  new interdisciplinary center (EECS, ME, Haas,
  SIMS, IEOR, CDV, CED, Art Practice) to study the
  design of software, products and living spaces
  based on the convergence of design practices in
  information technology, industrial design, and
  architecture
• Center for Image Processing and Integrated
  Computing (CIPIC) (8 faculty, 50
  students) (UCD) focuses on data analysis,
  visualization, computer graphics, optimization,
  and electronic imaging of large-scale,
  multi-dimensional data sets.
• Center for Environmental and Water Resources
  Engineering (CEWRE) (9 faculty, 45 students)
  (UCD) applications of advanced methods to
  environmental and water management problems.

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Applications-Related Current Activities(please
send contributions!)

• Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways, PATH,
  (20 faculty, 70 students), a collaboration
  between UC, Caltrans, other universities, and
  industry to develop technology to improve
  transportation in California.
• Berkeley Seismological Laboratory (15 faculty, 14
  students) operates, collects, and studies data
  from a regional seismological monitoring system,
  providing earthquake information to state and
  local governments.
• Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,
  PEER ( 25 faculty, 15 students), a Berkeley-led
  NSF center, is a consortium of nine universities
  (including five UC campuses) working with
  industry and government to identify and reduce
  earthquake risks to safety and to the economy.
• National Center of Excellence in Aviation
  Operations Research, NEXTOR (6 faculty, 12
  students), a multi-campus center, models and
  analyzes complex airport and air traffic systems.

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Applications-Related Current Activities(continued
)

• Center for the Built Environment (CBE) (19
  faculty/staff) provides timely, unbiased
  information on promising new building
  technologies and design techniques.
• Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)
• National Energy Research Supercomputing Center
  (NERSC) provides high-performance computing tools
  and expertise that enable computational science
  of scale
• Environmental Energy Technologies (EET) performs
  research and development leading to better energy
  technologies and reduction of adverse
  energy-related environmental impacts.

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Financial Building Blocks

• Current Funding

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Large NSF ITR Award

• Not yet official, NO PUBLICITY
• 7.5M over 5 years
• Support for 30 faculty (Berkeley, Davis) for
  subset of CITRIS
• 2 applications
• Energy (Rabaey, Pister, Arens, Sastry)
• Disaster Response (Fenves, Glaser, Kanafani,
  Demmel)
• Most SW aspects of systems, no hardware
• Service architecture (Katz, Joseph)
• Data/Query management (Franklin, Hellerstein)
• Human Centered Computing (Canny, Hearst, Landay,
  Saxenian)
• Data Visualization (Hamann, Max, Joy, Ma, Yoo)
• Sensor Network Architecture (Culler, Pister)
• (in original proposal, reduced support)
• Collaboration with UC Merced
• www.cs.berkeley.edu/demmel/ITR_CITRIS

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Foundational Research Problems in ITR

• How do we make SISs secure?
• Tygar, Wagner, Samuelson
• Lightweight authentication and digital signatures
• Graceful degradation after intrusion
• Protecting privacy, impact of related legislation
• How do we make SISs reliable? (in original
  proposal, reduced support)
• Henzinger, Aiken, Necula, Sastry, Wagner
• Complexity gt hybrid modeling
• Multi-aspect interfaces to reason about
  properties
• Software quality gt combined static/dynamic
  analysis
• How do we make SISs available? (in original
  proposal, reduced support)
• Patterson, Yelick
• Repair-Centric Design
• Availability modeling and benchmarking
• Performance fault adaptation
• What algorithms do we need?
• Papadimitriou, Demmel
• Algorithm to design, operate and exploit data
  from SISs

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CommerceNet Incubator

• Not yet Official, NO PUBLICITY
• 400K for one year
• State-funded NGI (Next Generation Internet)
  incubator
• http//www.commerce.net/
• At Bancroft/Shattuck in shared CCIT space
• http//www.path.berkeley.edu/PATH/CCIT/Default.htm
  
• Companies will incubate and collaborate with
  CITRIS faculty and students
• Kalil, Demmel, Sastry, Teece (advisors)
• Companies chosen for closeness to CITRIS

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Other support

• Long list, at least 30M
• Mostly technology, a few applications
• More pending

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Financial Building Blocks

• Funding Opportunities
• (courtesy of Tom Kalil)

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Next ITR Solicitation

• Small proposals (lt500K)
• Full proposal due February 6-7, 2002
• Medium proposals (lt5 million)
• Full proposal due November 13, 2001
• Large proposals (lt15 million)
• Pre-proposals due November 9th, 2001
• Full proposal sue April 4, 2002

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Next ITR Solicitation

• Software and hardware systems
• Augmenting individuals and transforming society
• Particularly relevant to apps thrust of CITRIS!
• Scientific frontiers and IT
• See http//www.itr.nsf.gov for more details

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Getting Funding for CITRIS

• Will need to engage broader range of funding
  agencies, partners, and stakeholders
• Examples
• Energy efficiency Energy
• Env. Monitoring Foundations, EPA, CalEPA
• Health monitoring New NIH institute, DOD
  interest in combat casualty care
• Transportation DOT, Caltrans
• Earthquakes FEMA

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Putting the Social into CITRIS

• Courtesy of Tom Kalil
• More input requested!

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Bringing the social into CITRIS

• CITRIS needs to engage
• Sociologists
• Economists
• Anthropologists
• Lawyers
• Political scientists
• Scholars of public policy
• Business-school faculty

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Possible roles for Social Scientists

• Address risks (e.g. privacy of sensor nets)
• Examine deployment issues associated with SISs
• Economic, social, legal factors in rate of
  deployment
• User-centered design (e.g. ethnography)
• Suggest new application areas or themes
• Broader ethical, legal, social implications of
  the Information Revolution
• See web page for more extensive document

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Meeting Organization
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Morning Talks on Research Infrastructure and
Testbeds

• Goal describe facilities available now or soon
• CITRIS Net Ben Yoo
• Microlab Costas Spanos
• Smart Buildings and Energy Management Ed Arens
• Hazard Mitigation Steve Glaser
• Transportation Karl Hedrick
• Biomedical Alert Networks Tom Budinger

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Noon Talks

• CITRIS Education Initiative Paul Wright
• The New Economy Brad DeLong

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Afternoon Breakout Sessions

• Topics
• Smart Classrooms John Canny, Pat Mantey
• Smart Buildings and Energy Management Jan
  Rabaey
• Hazard Mitigation Steve Glaser
• Transportation Karl Hedrick
• Biomedical Alert Networks Tom Budinger
• Environmental Monitoring Jay Lund
• Charge to participants
• Go forth and develop exciting interdisciplinary
  research agendas and ideas for proposals
• Come back at 315pm to tell everyone about it