NNEC C2 Maturity: Application

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Power to the Edge
Agility Focus and Convergence Adapting C2 to the
21st Century
presented to the Focus, Agility and Convergence
Team Inaugural Meeting 5 March 2008 Dr.
David S Alberts Director, Research OASD(NII)

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C2 for the 21st Century
C2 in the 21st Century is not necessarily a
linear extension of what we are doing now. To
understand what C2 approaches and capabilities
are needed and whether we are on the right track
or need to change course we need to answer the
following question

• What is the critical capability for the 21st
  Century?

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21st Century Mission Challenges

• Missions cannot be adequately predicted.
• Ignoring the complexity of situations ensures
  failure.
• Adversaries exploit seams and weaknesses avoiding
  strengths.
• A plan is nothing planning is everything.
• Civil-Military Coalitions and broader effects
  spaces are essential for success.

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21st Century Mission Challenges

• Missions cannot be adequately predicted.
• Ignoring the complexity of situations ensures
  failure.
• Adversaries exploit seams and weaknesses avoiding
  strengths.
• A plan is nothing planning is everything.
• Civil-Military Coalitions and broader effects
  spaces are essential for success.

Uncertain-Unpredictable-Complex-Dynamic
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21st Century Mission Challenges

• Missions cannot be adequately predicted.
• Ignoring the complexity of situations ensures
  failure.
• Adversaries exploit seams and weaknesses avoiding
  strengths.
• A plan is nothing planning is everything.
• Civil-Military Coalitions and broader effects
  spaces are essential for success.

The Response
Uncertain-Unpredictable-Complex-Dynamic
is Agility
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Agility Key Requirement of the 21st Century
21st Century Security Challenges characterized by
huge amounts of uncertainty and risk. Situations
are dynamic and unpredictable.
Robust - effective across a range of
conditions Resilient able to function /
degrade gracefully / reconstitute when damaged
Responsive - speed of recognition and
action Flexible - multiple ways to succeed,
seamless shifting Innovative learning and
solving Adaptive alteration in C2 organization
and process.
Responsive
Robust
Innovative
Adaptive
Flexible
Resilient
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Agenda

• Q. What is the critical capability for the 21st
  Century?
• Q. What makes an enterprise more agile?

A. Agility
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Agenda

• Q. What is the critical capability for the 21st
  Century?
• Q. What makes an enterprise more agile?

A. Agility
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The Tenets

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The Agility Value Chain
A robustly networked force Information
Sharing Quality of Information Collaboration Sh
ared Awareness Self-synchronization
Robust Resilient Flexible Responsive Innovati
ve Adaptive
NCO contributes to agility in many ways
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Agenda

• What is the critical capability for the 21st
  Century?
• How does Network Centric Operations contribute to
  agility?
• How can we approach the implementation of NCO in
  a way that exploits its potential to contribute
  to agility?

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Agenda

• What is the critical capability for the 21st
  Century?
• How does Network Centric Operations contribute to
  agility?
• How can we approach the implementation of NCO in
  a way that exploits its potential to contribute
  to agility?
• Set the Stage for Progress
• Establish a Baseline
• Develop and Harmonize Roadmaps

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Approach to NCO Implementation (1 of 3)

• Set the Stage for Progress
• Recognize that there are different levels of NCO
  Maturity
• Understand the relationships between C2 Maturity
  levels and Mission Capability levels
• Understand the migration path and what it takes
  to move from one level to another
• Understand the consequences of a coalition of
  participants with different C2 maturity levels
• Be prepared to explore non-traditional approaches
  to C2

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C2 Approach Space
Choosing a C2 Approach to achieve requisite
agility
For a given situation, How do we allocate
decision rights? disseminate information?
interact with others?
edge organization
broad dissemination
distribution of information
tight control
?
fully distributed
patterns of interaction
fully hierarchical
allocation of decision rights
classic C2
peer-to-peer
unitary
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The Case for Moving Beyond Traditional C2

• Traditional Approaches
• Limit our ability to connect the dots and
  understand the situation
• Constrain the way information is disseminated
• Limit our ability to respond quickly and
  effectively
• utilize a sequential decision process
• constrain the allocation of responsibility
• create seams
• Are optimized for selected concepts and
  circumstances
• stove-piped
• As a result they lack agility
• Language of C2 is hardwired
• It is couched in terms of how we do it not what
  we are trying to accomplish

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C2 Maturity Mission Capability
Agile C2
Transformed Operations
Collaborative C2
Integrated Operations
Coordinated C2
Coordinated Operations
De-conflicted C2
De-conflicted Operations
Conflicted C2
Stand Alone Operations
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Approach to NCO Implementation (2 of 3)

• Establish a Baseline of Network Centric
  Operations Capability
• Identify the C2 maturity level of each member or
  potential member of a coalition
• For various sets of coalition partners determine
  the appropriate overall approach to coalition C2
• Exercise the capability

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Approach to NCO Implementation (3 of 3)

• Develop NCO Roadmaps
• Determine the next NCO milestone and transition
  requirements
• For individual organizations (e.g. Services,
  Agencies, DoD)
• For Coalitions of Interest (e.g. Interagency,
  NATO, HA/DR)
• Develop items on the critical path and those that
  require CDE activities, investments and programs
  
• Harmonize various roadmaps

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Agenda

• What is the critical capability for the 21st
  Century?
• How does Network Centric Operations contribute to
  agility?
• How can we approach the implementation of NCO in
  a way that exploits its potential to contribute
  to agility?
• Way Forward Critical Path Challenges

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Critical Path ChallengesChallenges Within an
Organization

• Command Leadership in edge organizations
• Understanding and establishing trust in a
  net-centric environment
• Living in a pull environment
• Shared Awareness
• Control (self-synchronization) as an emergent
  property
• Collaborative processes
• Metrics
• Interagency

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Critical Path ChallengesCivil-Military/Coalition
Challenges

• Widespread Information Sharing
• Semantic interoperability
• Security
• Cooperability
• Encouraging Disruptive Innovation
• Both collectively and individually
• Vigorous Coalition Experimentation
• Moving beyond technology demonstrations
• Moving beyond military only
• Sharing data and results
• Establish prerequisites for Transformation across
  various Coalitions

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Agenda

• What is the critical capability for the 21st
  Century?
• How does Network Centric Operations contribute to
  agility?
• Are we approaching the implementation of NCO in a
  way that exploits its potential to contribute to
  agility?
• Way Forward Critical Path Challenges
• Are we on the right track?

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The Right Track

• Focus on Agility
• Need for Experimentation
• Civil-Military / Coalition C2 C2 as we know
  it
• Need to fully explore the C2 Approach space
• Harness the next source of power
• Interactions
• Collaboration
• Interdependencies

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• Are we on the right track?