Water Treatment Seminar

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Investment vs Operating cost

• The average 800,000 ft² Property has
  24,000,000.00 replaceable physical plant. The
  cost of water treatment is 0.02 - 0.04/ ft² to
  protect this investment.
• The industrial market costs are higher. A
  200,000 square foot plant may have roughly
  100,000,000 in replaceable physical plant.
  Water treatment cost may be in the vicinity of
  0.10-0.20 / ft²
• The owner loses 6 million per year (at 6 cost
  of money) for every year of lost life as a result
  of poor water treatment.

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Who is in charge of your Investment ???

• The Treatment Supplier tells you what your
  problems are.
• Then they tell you what chemicals to use.
• Then they tell you how much they will cost.
• Then they tell you when it is working.
• You know when its not working when something
  fails.

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Why treat the water?

• Corrosion
• Scaling
• Deposition
• Microbiological

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Economics

• General cooling economics
• Effect of scale, deposits, and Bio on efficiency
  and heat transfer

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POTENTIAL LOSSES

• Biofouled Condenser Tubes 10
• Scaled Condenser Tubes 15
• Scaled Boiler Tubes 8-16
• Equipment Losses - millions
• Piping Losses - millions
• Downtime - priceless

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What you are Buying?

• Service (70 cost of your program)
• Chemicals (Only 20-30 Cost of program)
• Intent

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What you should Expect.

• Service Defined
• Visits
• Testing
• Recordkeeping
• Inspections
• Qualifications
• Additional Services

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Cooling Water Technology

• Corrosion Control
• Biological Control.
• Deposition Control.
• Scale Control.
• Industry Performance Standards.

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CORROSION CONTROL
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Tower Corrosion Inhibitors

• Mild Steel
• Phosphates
• Phosphonates
• Polyphosphates
• Ortho-phosphates
• Molybdenum
• Zinc
• Silicates
• Others
• Blends

• Copper
• Tolytriazole
• BT
• MBT
• HRA
• Others?

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Closed Loop Corrosion Inhibitors

• Mild Steel
• Molybdenum
• Nitrite
• Silicates
• Others
• Blends

• Copper
• Tolytriazole

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Corrosion Control.

• Corrosion Rates
• Less than 1.0 mils/yr for steel and less than 0.1
  mils/yr. for copper.
• Less than 0.5 mils/yr. for steel and less than
  0.1 mils/yr. for copper.

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DEPOSITION CONTROL
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Deposition Control.

• What is deposition.
• Control with cycles.
• Control with polymeric dispersants.
• Polyacrylates
• Sulfonated Copolymers.
• Copolymers
• Terpolymers
• Quad Polymers
• Filtration

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Microbiological Control
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Microbiological Control

• Aerobic Bacteria
• slime
• Anaerobic Bacteria
• SRB, IRB
• Algae
• Legionella Bacteria
• 7 different sero groups
• Dual Alternating Biocide Program

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Types of Biocides

• Oxidizing
• Chlorine
• Sodium Hypochlorite
• Bromine
• Liquid Bromine
• Sodium Bromide
• Bromine/Chlorine Donors (solids)
• Hydantoin, Others
• Ozone, chlorine dioxide, chlorine gas

• Non-oxidizing
• Glutaraldehyde
• Isothiazolone
• DBNPA
• Ethylene Chloride
• Carbamates
• Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

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Field Testing
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Bacteria Performance

• Aerobic Bacteria should at or less than 10,000
  cells/ml in open condenser water systems
• Bacteria should be at or less than 1,000 cells/ml
  in closed loops.
• Anaerobic Bacteria at or below 50 cells/ml

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SCALE CONTROL
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Scale Inhibitors and Control

• REALLY DEPENDING ON THE HARDNESS ALKALINITY TO
  PROVIDE THE MILD STEEL CORROSION CONTROL.
• YOU WORK ON DEPOSITON CONTROL.
• Phosphonates
• HEDP
• PBTC
• Carboxylic Acid

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Industry Changes

• Companies/People
• Tubes
• Environmental
• Service Industry

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ENHANCED TUBES
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What you should know about enhanced tubes and
package units?

• They need flow to be protected.
• They need the correct biocide program.
• They need adequate copper protection.
• They need proper brushing.
• They need to be inspected with proper equipment.
• They need to be eddy current tested.

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Underdeposit Corrosion
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ENHANCED TUBE BRUSHES
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Rat Race System
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Cleaning

• New Systems
• Proper Cleaning
• White Rust
• Filters
• First Year Chiller Maintenance
• Eddy current
• Corrosion
• Inspections

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White Rust
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LSI

• How many cycles can I run?
• When will I deposit?
• Example

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