Practice Test US History Unit Three

1
Practice TestUS HistoryUnit Three

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2
The vast grassland extending through the
west-central portion of the United States.

• a. Great Plains
• b. Ghost Dance
• c. Chisholm Trail
• d. George A. Custer

3
This was supposed to "Americanize" Native
Americans by encouraging in them the desire to
own propertyand to farm reservation land
distributed to Native American families.

• a. Dawes Act
• b. Assimilation
• c. Great Plains
• d. Ghost Dance

4
This colonel's bad judgment in attacking Native
American warriors at the Little Bighorn River
resulted inhis death and that of all his troops.

• a. Ghost Dance
• b. Chisholm Trail
• c. George A. Custer
• d. Grange

5
This was the major cattle route from San Antonio,
Texas, through Oklahoma to Kansas.

1. Great Plains
2. Ghost Dance
3. Chisholm Trail
4. George A. Custer

6
This ritual was supposed to restore the Native
American way of life.

1. Assimilation
2. Great Plains
3. Ghost Dance
4. Chisholm Trail

7
A minority group's adoption of the beliefs and
way of life of the dominant culture.

1. Assimilation
2. Great Plains
3. Ghost Dance
4. Chisholm Trail

8
The government began taking these out of
circulation after the Civil War.

1. Greenbacks
2. Bimetallism
3. Populist Party
4. Republican Party

9
This was a monetary system in which the
government would give people silver or gold in
exchange for paper currency.

1. Grange
2. Greenbacks
3. Bimetallism
4. Populist Party

10
Members of this party were mainly business owners
and bankers from industrialized areas.

1. Populist Party
2. Republican Party
3. Soddy
4. Exodusters

11
This organization started out as a social outlet
and educational forum for isolated farm families.
It soon became a political voice for farmers.

1. Grange
2. Greenbacks
3. Bimetallism
4. Populist Party

12
This political party proposed an increase in the
money supply, a graduated income tax, and a
federal loan program.

1. Populist Party
2. Republican Party
3. Soddy
4. Exodusters

13
Home made of bricks of dirt that provided warmth
but no protection from snakes and insects.

1. Soddy
2. Exodusters
3. Homestead Act
4. Dugout

14
Offered 160 acres of land free to any head of
household

1. Homestead Act
2. Morril Act
3. Dugout
4. Bonanza Farms

15
Gave federal land to the states to help finance
agricultural colleges

1. Homestead Act
2. Morril Act
3. Dugout
4. Bonanza Farms

16
An enormous farm on which a single crop is grown

1. Homestead Act
2. Morril Act
3. Dugout
4. Bonanza Farms

17
Underground home that provided warmth in the
winter but no protection from snakes and insects.

1. Soddy
2. Exodusters
3. Homestead Act
4. Dugout

18
An African American who migrated from the South
to Kansas in the Post-Reconstruction years.

1. Republican Party
2. Soddy
3. Exodusters
4. Homestead Act

19
Which of the following marked the end of the wars
between the federal government and the Plains
Indians?

1. the Treaty of Fort Laramie
2. the death of Sitting Bull
3. the Sand Creek Massacre
4. the massacre at Wounded Knee

20
Why did the policy of treating the Great Plains
as a huge reservation change?

1. White settlers began wanting the land on the
   Plains.
2. Native Americans refused to remain on the Plains.
3. Native American populations decreased and needed
   less land.
4. The Plains failed to meet the needs of Native
   American peoples.

21
Which of the following was not central to the
life and culture of the Plains Indians in the
1800s?

1. the horse
2. the buffalo
3. the extended family
4. Individual land ownership

22
Which of the following was not responsible for
bringing an end to the era of the wide-open
western frontier?

1. the railroad
2. barbed wire
3. sheep ranching
4. severe weather

23
The Mexican vaquero influenced the American
cowboy in all of the following areas except

1. politics
2. language
3. clothing
4. food

24
Demand for beef in the East contributed to

1. the invention of the cowboy's way of life.
2. the end of the long drives.
3. the development of the Chisholm Trail.
4. the decline of the railroads.

25
Most American cowboys

1. worked only eight hours a day.
2. spent all their time fighting Outlaws.
3. owned their own cattle.
4. used guns to protect their herds.

26
The Grange did all of the following except

1. support the banks.
2. support political candidates.
3. oppose the railroads.
4. oppose the banks.

27
Bimetallism would allow for the exchange of paper
currency for

1. silver only.
2. gold only.
3. neither gold nor silver.
4. either gold or silver.

28
Which of the following did the Dawes Act wish to
encourage among Indians?

1. tribal living
2. nomadic living
3. buffalo hunting
4. individual farming

29
Which of the following was considered an Indian
Victory?

1. Wounded Knee
2. the Dawes Act
3. Custer's Last Stand
4. the Chivington massacre

30
Which of these descriptions of the American
Cowboy is based on myths perpetuated by
theentertainment industry?

1. They worked long hours
2. They went on long cattle drives.
3. Their work was very dangerous
4. They fought outlaws and protected the law

31
Invented the typewriter

1. Edwin L. Drake
2. Henry Bessemer
3. Christopher Sholes
4. Thomas Alva Edison

32
Invented the telephone

1. Henry Bessemer
2. Christopher Sholes
3. Thomas Alva Edison
4. Alexander Graham Bell

33
Developed an efficient technique for transforming
iron into steel

1. Edwin L. Drake
2. Henry Bessemer
3. Christopher Sholes
4. Thomas Alva Edison

34
Introduced an efficient means of retrieving oil
from beneath the earth's surface

1. Edwin L. Drake
2. Henry Bessemer
3. Christopher Sholes
4. Thomas Alva Edison

35
Perfected the incandescent light bulb at his
research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey

1. Henry Bessemer
2. Christopher Sholes
3. Thomas Alva Edison
4. Alexander Graham Bell

36
Process by which a company buys out all of its
suppliers

1. Trust
2. Monopoly
3. Vertical Integration
4. Horizontal Integration

37
Made it illegal for corporations to interfere
with free interstate or international trade

1. Monopoly
2. Vertical Integration
3. Horizontal Integration
4. Sherman Antitrust Act

38
Theory that justified the efforts of millionaires
and discouraged government interference in big
business

1. Sherman Antitrust Act
2. Social Darwinism
3. John Rockefeller
4. "Mother" Jones

39
A corporation made up of many companies that
receives certificates entitling them to dividends
on profits earned

1. Trust
2. Monopoly
3. Vertical Integration
4. Horizontal Integration

40
A market in which one company has complete
control over an industry's production, quality,
wages paid, and prices charged

1. Trust
2. Monopoly
3. Vertical Integration
4. Horizontal Integration

41
Process by which a company buys out all it's
competitors.

1. Trust
2. Monopoly
3. Vertical Integration
4. Horizontal Integration

42
Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel
and donated most of his profits

1. John Rockefeller
2. "Mother" Jones
3. Pullman
4. Andrew Carnegie

43
Organized coal miners, their wives, and their
children as well as mill children to fight for
better working conditions

1. John Rockefeller
2. "Mother" Jones
3. Pullman
4. Andrew Carnegie

44
Created trusts and was criticized as a robber
baron while serving as head of the Standard Oil
Company

1. John Rockefeller
2. "Mother" Jones
3. Pullman
4. Andrew Carnegie

45
Railroad-car mogul who built a town to house his
employees

1. John Rockefeller
2. "Mother" Jones
3. Pullman
4. Andrew Carnegie

46
Which of the following most allowed manufacturers
to build their factories away from rivers?

1. Electricity
2. Steel beams
3. Railroads
4. The telephone

47
Why was Pullman, Illinois, an unusual town?

1. It had one main industry.
2. It specialized in a regional product.
3. It owed its prosperity to the railroads.
4. It was built by a company to house its workers.

48
Which of the following did Social Darwinism
discourage?

1. hard work
2. Industrialization
3. government regulation
4. the accumulation of wealth

49
In which of the following places did 146 female
workers die in a fire?

1. Haymarket Square
2. the Pullman factory
3. the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
4. Carnegie Steel's Homestead Plant

50
Why were scabs unpopular with striking workers
during the late 1800s?

1. They were socialists.
2. They were federal troops.
3. They were part of management.
4. They were workers used to break strikes.

51
What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in
the 1800s?

1. Cheap electric power
2. Fire safety standards
3. The invention of the elevator
4. New methods of making steel

52
What did industrial consolidation and trusts
reduce during the late 1800s?

1. Corruption
2. Monopolies
3. Competition
4. interstate commerce

53
What was the goal of the Interstate Commerce Act?

1. to build new railroads
2. to destroy the railroad industry
3. to lower excessive railroad rates
4. to increase the power of railroads

54
The main purpose of the company known as Crédit
Mobilier was to

1. build the transcontinental railroad.
2. steal railroad money for its shareholders.
3. obtain a monopoly of the railroad industry.
4. obtain political positions for its shareholders.

55
All of the following factors contributed to the
immense industrial boom of the early 1900s except

1. a wealth of natural resources.
2. government support for business.
3. a growing urban population.
4. the emergence of the middle class.

56
Andrew Carnegie gained control of a large
percentage of the steel industry by doing all of
the following except

1. buying out his suppliers.
2. cutting the quality of his products.
3. buying out his competitors.
4. underselling his competitors.

57
The Sherman Antitrust Act

1. outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered
   with free trade.
2. was supported by millionaire industrialists.
3. was used by labor unions to fight for workers'
   rights.
4. encouraged the establishment of large-scale
   businesses.

58
The Great Strike of 1877 took place in the

1. steel industry.
2. textile industry.
3. railroad industry.
4. coal mining industry.

59
In the late 1800s, collective bargaining was a
technique used to

1. expand industry.
2. win workers' rights.
3. restrict labor unions.
4. organize labor unions.

60
The use of standardized time and time zones was
introduced in order to benefit

1. telephone and telegraph operators.
2. railroad companies and train travelers.
3. manufacturers who dealt in interstate trade.
4. factory owners whose workers had set schedules.

61
The Interstate Commerce Act gave the right to
supervise railroad activities to

1. the federal government.
2. railroad company officials.
3. farmers' groups, such as the Grange.
4. a select committee of wealthy industrialists.

62
Which of the following is not true of the
Transcontinental Railroad?

1. It joined the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
2. It joined the Union Pacific and Central Pacific
   Railroads.
3. It was built mainly by American-born laborers.
4. A golden spike was driven to mark its completion.

63
Which of the following is true of the Grangers?

1. They were Social Darwinists
2. They supported the right of railroad companies to
   set their own rates.
3. They tried to promote the idea that railroads
   were responsible primarily to their stockholders.
4. They were farmers who had joined together fight
   the railroads and to learn about scientific
   methods of farming

64
Which of the following resources was least
important to the birth of the new industrial age?

1. Oil
2. Wood
3. Iron
4. Coal

65
Which of the following groups of groups
economically benefited most from the inventions
of the telephone and the typewriter.

1. Married Men
2. Former Slaves
3. Recent Immigrants
4. White Women

66
Which of the following was not true of the
natural resources needed for the new industrial
age?

1. Coal was available in ample supplies
2. Coal was needed for use in the railroad industry.
3. Iron was used in the production of steel.
4. Oil was used primarily for powering
   internal-combustion engines.

67
Most of the members of the Populist Party were

1. Farmers
2. Industrial leaders
3. Labor leaders and feminists
4. Middle-class white-collar workers

68
Which term refers to the mixture of diverse
cultures whose people blended together by
adapting their native language and customs to the
existing language and customs?

1. mixed salad
2. Chinese Exclusion Act
3. Gentlemen's Agreement
4. Graft

69
Which term is the name of a restriction on
immigration passed by Congress?

1. Chinese Exclusion Act
2. Gentlemen's Agreement
3. Graft
4. Political Machines

70
Through which place did immigrants arriving on
the East Coast pass before gaining entry into the
United States?

1. Ellis Island
2. mixed salad
3. Chinese Exclusion Act
4. Gentlemen's Agreement

71
Which term is the name of a restriction on
emigration worked out between the United States
and Japan?

1. Chinese Exclusion Act
2. Gentlemen's Agreement
3. Graft
4. Political Machines

72
This was any type of unethical or illegal use of
political influence for personal gain.

1. Graft
2. Political Machines
3. Nativism
4. Pendleton Act

73
These were organized groups that controlled the
activities of a political party in a city.

1. Graft
2. Political Machines
3. Nativism
4. Pendleton Act

74
This authorized an independent civil service
commission to make government appointments based
on the merit system.

1. Graft
2. Political Machines
3. Nativism
4. Pendleton Act

75
Favoring American-born people over foreign-born
people

1. Graft
2. Political Machines
3. Nativism
4. Pendleton Act

76
The main immigration processing station in San
Francisco was called

1. Ellis Island
2. Tammany Hall
3. Angel Island
4. Hull House

77
The main goal of the Chinese Exclusion Act was to

1. decrease Chinese immigration.
2. create segregated classrooms.
3. settle a disagreement between China and the
   United States.
4. stop Chinese Americans from attending school in
   the United States.

78
The main goal of the Americanization movement was
to

1. limit the number of immigrants entering the
   country.
2. assimilate people of various cultures into the
   dominant culture.
3. improve the living conditions in America's
   largest cities.
4. encourage people to move from the country to the
   city.

79
The row house was a new type of housing that
conserved space by

1. rising ten or more stories high.
2. combining air vents with trash disposal areas.
3. sharing side walls with other buildings.
4. enclosing a park shared by several buildings.

80
Settlement houses were founded in the late 1800s
by

1. new immigrants.
2. social reformers.
3. political machines.
4. industrial workers.

81
Tammany Hall was the name of

1. a famous settlement house.
2. a New York Customs House.
3. a New York City political machine.
4. the federal courthouse in New York City.

82
An example of patronage would be

1. bribing a government official.
2. assassinating a public official.
3. saying one thing and doing another.
4. appointing a friend to a political position.

83
The Stalwarts were strong supporters of

1. low tariffs.
2. high tariffs.
3. the spoils system.
4. civil service reform.

84
The Pendleton Civil Service Act required

1. applicants for government jobs to pass
   examinations.
2. native-born Americans to treat immigrants with
   courtesy.
3. government workers to renounce all party
   loyalties.
4. cities to provide services such as clean water to
   their residents.

85
Which of the following was the main interest of
the Social Gospel movement?

1. religious reform
2. political reform
3. social reform
4. economic reform

86
Which of the following does not describe a
typical supporter of a political machine?

1. Poor
2. Urban
3. factory worker
4. opposed to immigration

87
Which of the following is an example of graft?

1. using a cartoon to illustrate political fraud
2. saying a project cost more than it did and
   keeping the difference for yourself
3. choosing your friends for political offices
4. using the threat of force to get people to vote
   for a particular candidate

88
Who used the power of the presidency to clean up
the New York Customs House but was unable to get
support from Congress for civil service reform?

1. Grover Cleveland
2. Chester A. Arthur
3. Benjamin Harrison
4. Rutherford B. Hayes

89
Which of the following issues prompted the
assassination of President Garfield?

1. Tariffs
2. Kickbacks
3. Immigration
4. civil service reform

90
Which of the following was an important urban
problem of the late 1800s?

1. Poverty
2. drug use
3. race riots
4. labor union corruption

91
Who was the boss of New York's corrupt political
machine of the 1870's?

1. Thomas Nast
2. George Plunkitt
3. Jean de Crevecoeur
4. William Tweed

92
New immigrants, in the late 1800s, were least
likely to come from

1. Asia
2. Eastern Europe
3. Western Europe
4. Southern Europe

93
The main purpose of the 1879 New York City law
calling for the building of dumbbell tenements
was to

1. alleviate, or improve, slum conditions
2. integrate lower-class black neighborhoods
3. supply inexpensive single-family housing to the
   urban poor
4. lessen the power of political machines in
   lower-class neighborhoods

94
The great majority of the members of the
Immigration Restriction League were

1. Jews
2. Catholics
3. naturalized citizens
4. of Anglo-Saxon descent

95
Which of the following was an old immigrant group?

1. Germans
2. Poles
3. Italians
4. Chinese

96
These pioneer aviators helped make airmail
possible.

1. Orville and Wilbur Wright
2. Poll Tax
3. Segregation
4. Jim Crow Laws

97
Elevators and steel supports helped make this
land-saver possible.

1. Skyscraper
2. Central Park
3. Brooklyn Bridge
4. Orville and Wilbur Wright

98
Completed in 1883, this "eighth wonder of the
world" that connected Brooklyn to Manhattan took
14 years to build.

1. Skyscraper
2. Central Park
3. Brooklyn Bridge
4. Orville and Wilbur Wright

99
This was intended to soothe the inhabitants of
New York City and let them enjoy a "natural
setting."

1. Skyscraper
2. Central Park
3. Brooklyn Bridge
4. Orville and Wilbur Wright

100
This term is used to refer to any system of
separating people on the basis of race

1. Poll Tax
2. Segregation
3. Jim Crow Laws
4. Grandfather Clause

101
These laws were passed in the South to prevent
white and black people from intermixing and to
prevent blacks from achieving equality

1. Poll Tax
2. Segregation
3. Jim Crow Laws
4. Grandfather Clause

102
This had to be paid to gain access to the voting
booth in many Southern States

1. Poll Tax
2. Segregation
3. Jim Crow Laws
4. Grandfather Clause

103
This was added to the constitutions of several
Southern states to enable white people to vote
who may have been kept from doing so by other
restrictions

• Poll Tax
• Segregation
• Jim Crow Laws
• Grandfather Clause

104
The factor that prevented the greatest number of
children from attending public high schools was

1. racism.
2. poverty.
3. language differences.
4. transportation problems.

105
Southern states sometimes used a grandfather
clause to allow them to

1. keep uneducated whites from exercising their
   right to vote.
2. distinguish between recent immigrants and
   longtime citizens.
3. keep African Americans from voting while allowing
   whites to do so.
4. deny voting rights to African Americans who
   passed the literacy test.

106
Cities in the late 19th century expanded with the
development of all of the following except

1. subways.
2. skyscrapers.
3. airplanes.
4. suspension bridges.

107
Daniel Burnham's plan for the city of Chicago
emphasized

1. blocks of skyscrapers.
2. a lakefront park system.
3. a network of bicycle paths.
4. hidden electric lines.

108
Skyscrapers were made possible by the invention of

1. safer fire escapes.
2. larger bricks and stronger cement.
3. the elevator and a steel framework.
4. the airplane and the bicycle.

109
In the Southwest, many Mexicans earned a living as

1. railroad workers and agricultural laborers.
2. small business owners.
3. dockworkers and canal diggers.
4. household servants and mail carriers.

110
All of the following became popular around the
turn of the 20th century except

1. European literature.
2. professional baseball.
3. vaudeville theater.
4. amusement parks.

111
All of the following were trends in education
around 1900 except

1. more students attending both elementary and high
   school.
2. immigrants becoming "Americanized" by attending
   public schools.
3. growth of kindergartens.
4. most African Americans attending high school.

112
In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme
Court ruled that

1. lynching was a federal crime.
2. school segregation was unconstitutional.
3. voting rights could not be tied to any form of
   tax.
4. racial segregation in public facilities was legal.

113
Which development lowered the price of newspapers
to a penny a copy?

1. a printing press that simultaneously printed both
   sides of the paper
2. a lower price for American timber used by paper
   mills
3. a drop in the wages of newspaper delivery boys
4. a new lightweight engine developed for use in
   aircraft

114
Who expressed the belief that racism would end as
blacks acquired practical work skills and proved
their economic value to society?

1. W. E. B. Du Bois
2. Ida B. Wells
3. Booker T.Washington
4. William Torrey Harris

115
Which of the following did not keep African
Americans in the South from voting?

1. poll taxes
2. grandfather clauses
3. the separate-but-equal doctrine
4. literacy tests

116
The popularity of bicycling and amusement parks
reflected which trend of the 1900s?

1. wider public access to the fine arts
2. an interest in leisure activities
3. a rising literacy rate
4. new ways of shopping and advertising

117
Which effect can be traced directly to the
Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson?

1. Southern blacks lost their voting rights for 60
   years.
2. Lynching of African Americans continued into the
   1920s.
3. Racial segregation was permitted for nearly 60
   years.
4. Race riots broke out in New York and other large
   cities.

118
How did George Eastman contribute to an explosion
in the popularity of photography?

1. by taking photographs of the Wright brothers'
   first flight at Kitty Hawk
2. by inventing a camera that was larger and heavier
   than most
3. by inventing a camera that could develop pictures
   on the spot
4. by inventing a camera that used roll film instead
   of heavy glass plates

119
How did the introduction of the bicycle affect
women's lives?

1. It led to numerous injuries among women riders.
2. It made many women feel more independent.
3. It gave women more time to spend with their
   children.
4. It started a fitness craze among women.

120
Which type of fiction was very popular around the
turn of the 20th century?

1. realistic portrayals of American life
2. Western adventure tales
3. novels about the grand life of the upper class
4. stories about sports heroes