What are robots good for?

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What are robots good for?
Examples of Robots from Many Areas
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POLICE ROBOT

• An experimental robot picks up a simulated pipe
  bomb during a demonstration for the media at
  Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque,
  N.M., Tuesday, July 3, 2001.
• New technology developed at Sandia National
  Laboratories is making bomb disposal easier and
  safer for police bomb squads.
• Phil Bennett, project leader at Sandia, says the
  arm joints of the new robot are more coordinated
  than the old-line robots.
• (AP Photo/Jake Schoellkopf)

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Example NOMAD ROBOT

• This undated photo from Carnegie Mellon
  Uniuversity shows the Nomad robot during its solo
  drive on an icy Antartic plain.
• The robot, a product of the university's Robotics
  Institute, began testing its wheels in January
  after it was taken by helicopter to a harsh
  region known as Elephant Moraine where it was
  left to inspect rocks and look for meteorites.
• (AP Photo/Carnegie Mellon U.)

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What are robots good for?

• Gofer robots

Carnegie Mellons Nomad
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ROBOTIC SURGERY

• Dr. William Franckle watches a video monitor as
  he assists in a gall bladder operation using a
  robotic surgery machine called da Vinci Surgical
  System, left, at Robert Wood Johnson University
  Hospital in New Brunswick, N.J., Thursday, Feb.
  8, 2001.

• Franckle assited Dr. Andrew Boyarsky who was
  manipulating small robotic instruments, one is
  seen on monitor, while looking at a
  three-dimensional image of the patient's abdomen
  from a work station about 10 feet away from the
  patient. (AP Photo/Mike Derer)

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HURRICANE SEASON

• ADVANCE FOR WEEKEND EDITIONS OF MAY 19-20 -- An
  Aerosonde aircraft is seen from its launch
  vehicle in this 2000 file photo taken in
  Australia. Aerosonde Ltd., an Australian company,
  is seeking permission to fly pilotless robotic
  planes into the 2001 hurricane storms.

• The Aerosonde launches from a car's roof rack and
  can carry a 4 1/2-pound payload of high-tech
  measuring equipment. Maurice Gonella, Aerosonde's
  principal engineer, says the 100,000 drones can
  be put on autopilot and will constantly relay
  information.
• They also take photographs as they go. (AP
  Photo/Aerosonde Robotic Aircraft)

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ROBOT LAWN MOWER

• Scott Jantz, an engineering student at the
  University of Florida in Gainesville, Fla.,
  watches a robot lawn mower Wednesday, Aug. 6,
  1997, that cuts grass by itself while avoiding
  obstacles such as trees, toys and even children
  and pets.
• Dubbed the LawnNibbler, the mower was designed
  and built by Kevin Hakala for his engineering
  master's thesis.
• The battery-powered mower, developed at UF's
  Machine Intelligence Laboratory, uses buried
  radio wires, sonar and infrared emitters and
  detectors to find its way without human
  assistance.
• (AP Photo/University of Florida)

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SANDIA ROBOTICS
Sandia National Laboratories researcher Tom Weber
holds a tiny robot named MARV, for Mobile
Autonomous Wheeled Vehicle, on Oct. 28, 1996 in
Albuquerque, N.M. Weber says MARV is a learning
tool to begin to understand the problems of
building inexpensive little robots for use in
military applications.(AP Photo/Jake Schoellkopf)
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Robots in the World
Installations
Stock
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Robots in the Real World

• Welding
• Painting
• Assembly
• Laboratory
• Manufacturers

A robot drills 550 holes in the vertical tail
fins of an F-16 fighter in 3 hours in General
Dynamics. It used to take 24 worker hours to do
the job manually.
By 1985, there were 180,000 robots on production
lines in the world with the US, France and Japan
accounting for 80 of them
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Industrial Manipulators
Puma 500
RRC Dexterous Manipulator
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Industrial Manipulators
Adept One XL
Adept Six 300
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Cartesian robot
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BATTLEBOTS CHAMPIONSHIP

• Robot "T-Minus", right, built by Reason Bradley
  of Sausalito, Calif., flips opponent robot
  "Halo", built by Brian Scearce of Fremont,
  Calif., Thursday, May 24, 2001, during the
  preliminary elimination rounds of the Battlebots
  Robot Combat Championship on Treasure Island, in
  San Francisco.
• Battlebots is the sport of remote controlled
  robotic combat, where a face-off of creations
  made by Hollywood special effects artists, rocket
  scientists, software designers, and garage
  tinkerers meet in the boxing arena.
• The championships will run through the Memorial
  Day weekend, and end on Monday, May 28. (AP
  Photo/Ben Margot)

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The Robot Revolution

• While a computer performs mental tasks, a
  robotis a computer-controlledmachinedesigned
  todo manualtasks

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Mobile Autonomous Robots
Khepera
CWRU Hexapod 1
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Robots in Research

• Mobile robots need brains
• Navigation is difficult
• And potentially dangerous

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Service robots Cleaning robot
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Service robots Building walls
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Service robots Gas station
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Pattern Recognition Making Sense of the World

• Pattern recognition involves identifying
  recurring patterns in input data with the goal of
  understanding or categorizing that input
• Image Analysisidentifying objectsand shapes

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What are the robots good for?

• Manufacturing and materials handling

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What are the robots good for?

• Gofer robots

Bell Howell Mailmobile
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What are robots good for?

• Hazardous environments

Lunokhod Moon Robot
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What are robots good for?

• Hazardous environments

Dante II Frame Walking Robot
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What are robots good for?

• Telepresence and virtual reality

The Wheelbarrow, a bomb disposal robot
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What are robots good for?

• Telepresence and virtual reality

Advanced Tethered Vehicle (ATV)
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What are robots good for?

• Telepresence and virtual reality

Advanced Robot and Telemanipulator System for
Minimal Invasive Surgery (ARTEMIS)
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What are robots good for?

• Augmentation of human abilities

Sigourney Weaver in the movie Aliens
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Daihen Almega GO1S
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PCB ??? ???? Quad ???
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Kuka Robotics KL1500
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Automated Cells and Equipment ?? RoboCell
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WTR-A1000
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Fanuc LR Mate ?? ???
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SONY??? ??? ??? ?, Aibo
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Yaskawa Help Mate
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NASA? RMS
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What are robots made of?
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What are robots made of?

• Effectors Tools for Action
• Locomotion
• Manipulation
• Sensors Tools for perception
• Proprioception
• Force Sensing
• Tactile Sensing
• Sonar
• Camera Data

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What are robots made of?

• Effectors Locomotion

Carnegie Mellons Ambler
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What are robots made of?

• Effectors Locomotion

MITs 3D Hopper
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What are robots made of?

• Sensors Proprioception

MITs Spring Flamingo
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What are robots made of?

• Sensors Force Sensing

MITs Phantom
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What are robots made of?

• Sensors Tactile Sensing

MITs Planar Grasper
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What are robots made of?

• Sensors Sonar

ActivMedias Peoplebot
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What are robots made of?

• Sensors Camera Data

The Johns Hopkins Beast
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What are robots made of?

• Sensors Camera Data

MITs Fast Eye Gimbals
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Why Robotics?

• In view of the keen competition worldwide in
  automotive manufacturing technology, the role of
  robot is unavoidable with its current state of
  the art.
• With a pressing need for increased productivity
  and the delivery of the end products of uniform
  quality, industry is turning more and more toward
  computer-based machine tools for the agile
  assembly line

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Why Robotics?

• Modern computer architecture and sensors provide
  intelligence to the robot.
• Intelligence connection from perception to
  action
• The new message is robots are going to come out
  of factory and enter our every day life.
• In Japan, 70,000 robots are installed every
  year.
• Companies there are taking full advantage of the
  productive power of robotics.
• It is not an accident that Japan is such a strong
  competition in so many manufacturing industries
• Their companies are willing to make long-term
  commitment to robotics and advanced automation

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The Basic Components of an Industrial Robotic
System
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The application areas of Industrial Robots are
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Robotics Emulation of Human Endeavors
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The Modern Technologies add the Qualities to the
Robots
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What can you expect from this lecture

• Applications of Artificial Intelligence
  techniques in robotics and intelligent systems

My goal is to extend your imagination what can be
done using robotic and intelligent systems!!
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Main Components of Lectures

• We reimburse your all expenses
• Robot stays at PSU
• If you want, you can duplicate it next

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Assignments

• 1. In the Robotics Laboratory you can find many
  videotapes about robots from top universities.
  Watch them. This will help you in the project.
• 2. Try to find on Internet or in local shops more
  videos about robots and share them with the class.

• 3. In the lab and in the storage room try to find
  components that may be useful for your projects.
  If not, look to Tektronix Country Store, Wacky
  Willy or similar shops for components.

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Sources

• Padhraic Smyth
• Kiriakos Kutulakos, University of Rochester
• Rojas FUB MI
• Behnke
• A. Ferworn
• Dodd, Harvey Mudd College
• Internet
• Brian Glassman, Mechanical Engineering at Florida
  Institute of Technology
• John Gallagher, SUNY Institute of Technology