Adipose Tissue and Exercise

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Adipose Tissue and Exercise
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AT in the body REVIEW!

• Large amounts of body fat stored in the form of
  TG within AT and muscle (intramuscular TG)

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How does exercise effect levels of adipose tissue?

• With training, changes in metabolism impact fat
  mobilization, utilization, and storage.
• ? training/fitness ? fat mobilization,
  utilization ? storage
• ? training/fitness ? fat mobilization,
  utilization ? storage
• With changes in exercise intensity come changes
  in the bodys energy providing fuel choice.
• low intensity fat
• high intensity carbohydrate

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Exercise Intensity and AT

• low ? moderate intensity slowed rate of FA
  mobilization from AT to bloodstream, increased
  rate of total fat oxidation due to use of
  intramuscular TG
• moderate ? high intensity minimal rate of FA
  mobilization/oxidation, increased usage of
  carbohydrate for energy needs
• high (maximal) intensity no FA
  mobilization/oxidation

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Carbohydrate and Fat usage during exercise

• In comparison to the almost immediate source of
  energy provided by CHO, fat stores are mobilized
  and oxidized at a much slower rate during
  exercise.
• 155 lb man
• Stored lipid accounts for 140,000 kcals of energy
• 14.1 days to burn (324 kcal/hr) if you used
  strictly lipid as energy source
• 6-7 hours to use all CHO in body (2000 kcals
  energy)

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Fat burns in a CHO flame.

• Dietary CHO plays a large role in the
  mobilization and oxidation of fat during exercise
• CHO necessary for oxidation of fat
• OAA (from CHO) pyruvate citric acid ? Krebs
  Cycle
• During intense exercise, fat cannot be mobilized
  and oxidized rapidly enough to meet energy
  requirements. CHO is primary fuel source.

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Conclusion

• Regardless of intensity (and everything else I
  just talked about), reductions in body fat stores
  as a result of long-term exercise training depend
  primarily on the total daily energy expenditure -
  not fuel oxidized during exercise

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ATs impact on the effectiveness of exercise

• Energy 9kcal/g of fat
• 50,000 60,000 kcal stored as TG in AT
• more or less dependent on individual
• 2,000 3,000 kcal stored as intramuscular TG
• LARGE fat stores for low-moderate intensity, long
  duration training

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AT and effectiveness of recovery periods

• ? FM, ? muscle mass lower energy expenditure
  during recovery
• ? FM, ? muscle mass higher energy expenditure
  during recovery

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Another way to look at it

• Physical
• More weight to carry
• Stress on joints
• Attire
• Faster results (positive!)
• Psychological
• Lack of motivation
• Embarrassment

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Sources

• http//www.sportsci.org/encyc/adipose/adipose.html
  
• http//www.gssiweb.org/Article/sse-59-fat-metaboli
  sm-during-exercise-new-concepts