Unmasking the Criminal Frauds and Forgeries

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Unmasking the Criminal Frauds and Forgeries
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In news Dec 7, 2010

• http//news.yahoo.com/s/yblog_thelookout/20101206
  /us_yblog_thelookout/government-cant-print-money-p
  roperly
• US Treasury printed a LOT of 100 bill that had a
  crease (fold) in them when the paper went thru
  the machine for printing, causing a flaw.
• 110 billion worth

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Technically they exist, but are out of
circulation. They are worth more than face value.
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500
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Security Features

• Watermarks
• security threads
• metameric inks (IR scan)
• see-through
• Intaglio
• visual impair devices
• ascending serial numbers
• OVIs (optically variable inks)
• latent images

• lift twins
• fibers
• Holograms
• Foils
• metallic inks
• moiré s (graphic overlays)
• anti-copies
• microprints,
• UV (ultra violet) ink/security thread/fibers.

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Watermarks

• A watermark is the most common anti-copy feature
  and is embedded into the note with a special wire
  mesh usually stamped by a copper wire and causes
  a thinning in the paper fibers, thus revealing an
  image.

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Watermarks
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Holograms

• Found on

• Defined as

• Money notes
• Drivers liscenses
• ID cards
• Credit cards

• A technique that allows the light scattered from
  an object to be recorded and later reconstructed
  so that it appears as if the object is in the
  same position relative to the recording medium as
  it was when recorded

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Holograms
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See-through

• Security device that makes counterfeiting harder

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Counterfeit detector pen

• Normal wood-based paper counterfeit money
• The counterfeit detector pen is extremely simple.
  It contains an iodine solution that reacts with
  the starch in wood-based paper to create a black
  stain.
• When the solution is applied to the fiber-based
  paper used in real bills, no discoloration
  occurs.
• The pen does nothing but detect bills printed on
  normal copier paper instead of the fine papers
  used by the U.S. Treasury

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How Stuff Works

• http//money.howstuffworks.com/question108.htm

Patented counterfeit money detector pen - detects
authenticity on U S currency instantly Good on al
U S currency series 1959 and after Mark a small
line on the U S bill - a light amber mark passes
the test If the mark turn black or dark brown -
bill is suspect Replace cap immediately after use
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Cellulose is in wood

• Normal paper -- including notebook paper,
  newspaper, construction paper -- is all made out
  of cellulose, which comes from trees. The trees
  are chemically broken down into their individual
  wood fibers, and the cellulose fibers are chosen
  and formed into very thin sheets to create paper.

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Counterfeit 20s
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Intaglio

• Printmaking techniques in which the image is
  incised into a surface, known as the matrix or
  plate. Copper or zinc plates are used as a
  surface, and the incisions are created by etching
  or engraving.

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Ascending Serial Numbers

• 123456789

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USA

• TWO MOST IMPORTANT SECURITY FEATURES OF US NOTES
  ARE the ink and paper.
• Examination of ink and paper can be done
• Watermarks can be investigated

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Inks Papers

• Four basic types of ink
• Modern Ink
• Contain dye, iron salts in a suspension of gallic
  or tannic acid
• India Ink
• Made of carbon particles and also called carbon
  black ink
• Arabic Ink
• Synthetic dyes with different polymers and acids
• Ball Point pen ink
• Synthetic dyes with solvents and additives.

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Counterfeit Currency

• Notes of the 500, 1,000, 5,000, and 10,000
  denominations have not been printed for many
  years and are being withdrawn from circulation.
• The portraits appearing on these notes are
• McKinley on the 500
• Cleveland on the 1,000
• Madison on the 5,000
• Chase on the 10,000.

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• Why no more large denominations of bills?
• How many times can a bill be folded before it has
  to be replaced?
• Large denomination bills can be seen at the
  Smithsonian
• 4000

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1000 bills
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5000
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100,000

• This bill was only used for official transactions
  between Federal Reserve banks (1860s)

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Counterfeit Currency

• Jackson Portrait
• A common variation occurs in the portrait of
  Andrew Jackson on the 20 note.
• In the 1934 and 1950 series years, he is depicted
  with one more finger showing than on notes of
  other series years.

Photo http//www.ustreas.gov/usss/money_design_fe
atures.shtml
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Counterfeit Currency
Photo http//www.ustreas.gov/usss/money_design_fe
atures.shtml
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The EURO is used in 22 countries

• 1) Andorra2) Austria3) Belgium4) Cyprus5)
  Finland6) France7) Germany8) Greece9)
  Ireland10) Italy11) Kosovo

• 12) Luxembourg13) Malta14) Monaco15)
  Montenegro16) Netherlands17) Portugal18) San
  Marino19) Slovakia20) Slovenia21) Spain22)
  Vatican City

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POLYMER NOTESPlastic Money

• These banknotes are made from a polymer
  (plastic) which greatly enhances durability of
  the banknotes.
• Polymer banknotes also incorporate many
  security features not available to paper
  banknotes, making counterfeiting much more
  difficult.

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Plastic Notes

• Australia Polymer Plastic Note