Perception and Motor Learning

1
Perception and Motor Learning

• Dr. Emily H. Wughalter

2
(No Transcript)
3
(No Transcript)
4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
Sean White in February 2010 Olympics
http//www.nbcolympics.com/video/assetidd924411a-
bea6-4fd8-b485-f58dc5238dfe.html
7
A model of information processing
Stimulus Identification
Response Selection
Response Programming
Input
Output
8
Reaction Time

• Reaction time is the measure of input and central
  processes or until the beginnings of overt
  movement
• Types of Reaction Time Defined
• Simple Reaction Time
• Choice Reaction Time
• Discrimination Reaction Time

9
Two factors affecting stimulus identification
are

• Stimulus Clarity Sharpness, Focus
• Stimulus Clarity - Focus
• Stimulus Intensity - Brightness, Loudness
• Stimulus Intensity - Brightness, Loudness
• Peripheral Vision

10
Inverted U-Hypothesis
High
Performance
Low
Low
High
Arousal
11
What affects the inverted U-Hypothesis?

• Inter and intra-individual differences
• Meaningfulness
• Complexity
• Variation
• Uncertainty
• Intensity

12
Perception is responsible for

• Detection
• Comparison
• Recognition

13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
Information Comparison

• Information comparison is measured in a paradigm
  where two intensities from the same source are
  present for a time period long enough to detect
  the information
• Just Noticeable Difference (JND) means the least
  amount of difference required to report the
  difference in stimuli and be correct at least 50
  percent of the time.

16
Absolute Judgment

• Absolute judgment is the extent to which a
  participant is capable of matching a stimulus in
  the environment to one already stored in memory.

17
Perceptual ProcessLimitations

• Space 72 items
• Time 20 - 60 seconds

18

• How is detection of information explained in
  motor behavior?
• Low activation system information is lost
• High activation system too much noise and
  information is lost
• Uncertainty speed
• Noise poor quality or ambiguity
• Arousal

19
Adams Closed Loop Theory (1971)

Movement Organizer
Standard
Movement
Error Detector
20

• What is selective attention?
• Selective attention means paying attention to
  those regulatory aspects of the environment.

21

• Cocktail Party Phenomenon
• Meaningfulness
• Pertinence

22
Kahnemans (1973) Model of Selective Attention

• Enduring Dispositions
• rules of involuntary attention
• Momentary Intentions
• Attention to things where instruction leads us to
  pay attention